Presentation Transcript
Artificial Insemination in Swine: Artificial Insemination in Swine B. Olcott DVM,MS,MBA
Winrock
Nicaragua 2007
Advantages of Artificial Insemination: Advantages of Artificial Insemination
Comparative Cost Of AI: Comparative Cost Of AI
Artificial Insemination Kit: Artificial Insemination Kit
Be Ready!: Be Ready! Have insulated collection cup warm and clean until time to collect
Extenders and other lab materials (slides) need to be pre-mixed and warmed to appropriate temperatures
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Place a sterile disposable bag inside the container.
Semen Straining: Semen Straining Place a double layer of sterile cheese cloth over the cup.
Boil the cloth between collections.
Secure with rubber bands.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Warming cabinets keep all supplies at a uniform temperature of 35oC.
Distilled water
Slides
Extender
Glassware
Stains
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Collection areas should be clean and quiet.
Flooring should be non slippery.
Escape hatches should be provided for personnel.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Training boars
Young boars will usually respond well to the collection dummy.
Older boars are more difficult.
Urine from sows in heat is a great aide.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Familiarize the boar with contact on all parts of his body.
Be patient.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Let the boar explore his environment.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Once a boar is trained collecting is a one person job.
Grasp the tip of the boars penis firmly with poly vinyl NOT LATEX Gloves.
Discard the first part of ejaculate which is the clear fraction.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Collect the milky white sperm-rich portion.
The final portion is the clear and gel fraction and not collected.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen There may be another sperm rich fraction than can be collected.
Make sure the penis remains safe from damage from the dummy sow.
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Be patient. He will need to finish to avoid frustration. He may take 5-15 minutes
Avoid pressure on the shaft, this may distract him and make him stop.
Keep pressure applied to tip only!
Collecting Semen: Collecting Semen Remove the filter and discard.
The semen should be extended within 15 minutes of collection.
Keep the sample away from cool temperatures and light!!
Semen Evaluation: Semen Evaluation Weigh the semen first.
Record the volume collected.
Evaluate color, thickness, and smell.
Semen Motility Evaluation: Semen Motility Evaluation Estimate motility within 10-15 minutes of collection.
Slides and cover slips warmed to 35oC
Extender warmed to 33oC
Add 9.5 mls of extender to 0.5 mls of semen. (1:19 dilution).
Place 2 drops on a warm slide and cover with warm cover slip.
Examine at 400x.
Sperm Morphology: Sperm Morphology
Semen Morphology: Morphology Stain
Trypan Blue
Eosin/Nigrosin solution
7 drops stain to 3 drops semen
Must be warm or false readings!!
Let sit for 5 minutes in water bath before reading. Semen Morphology
Extending Semen: Extending Semen Dose = 3-4 x 109
Hemocytometer
Spectrophotometer
Estimate
Skim milk: 1:4
Milk: 1:7
Cream: 1:10
Sperm Concentration: Sperm Concentration Estimate by appearance
Hand count with hemocytometer
Electronic count with photometer
Minimum of 2 x 109 viable sperm in one dose (70 ml)
Maximum of 4.5 x 109 viable sperm in one dose (70 ml)
Hemocytometer: Hemocytometer
Hemocytometer: Hemocytometer
Extenders: Extenders What do extenders do?
Dilute semen
Provide buffers
Provide nutrients
Provide antibacterials to prevent infection
Extenders: Extenders Long term extenders:
Shelf life of 5-7 days
Difficult to prepare
Expensive
Short term extenders:
Shelf life of 3 days
Inexpensive
Easy to make
Guidelines to Extending Semen: (Amount of extender to add): Guidelines to Extending Semen: (Amount of extender to add)
Extending Semen: Extending Semen
Adding Extender to Semen: Adding Extender to Semen
Extending Semen by Eye: Extending Semen by Eye
Records: Records Label EACH dose with boar ID, date, concentration, etc.
Storing Semen: Storing Semen Always store semen between 15-20oC.
Cool warm semen over a period of 2-3 hours.
Never store semen in a refrigerator (2o-8oC).
Never store semen at a temperature greater than 20oC.
Invert (roll) doses 2x daily during storage.
Inseminating the Sow: Inseminating the Sow
Artificial InseminationSpirettes: Artificial Insemination Spirettes
Insemination : Insemination
AI Catheter Placement: AI Catheter Placement
Artificial Insemination: Artificial Insemination Spirette is inserted at an angle of 30o.
This will prevent catheterization of the bladder.
Spirette should advance easily to the cervix.
A hymen may be present in gilts.
Artificial Insemination: Artificial Insemination Rotate the spirette counterclockwise!
This will lock it in place in the cervix.
Turn the spirette until it won’t turn any more.
Artificial Insemination: Artificial Insemination Spirette locked in place
Artificial Insemination: Artificial Insemination Back pack set
Sows in heat with proper stimulation will draw semen from the vial intra uterinely.
Once semen is drawn in, leave catheter in place for 2 minutes to minimize back flow.