Volcanoes : Volcanoes By: Craig Berry
Why I decided this topic : Why I decided this topic Interesting
Always been fascinating to me
To better understand Hawaii
Formation of the Hawaiian Islands
Basic Information on Volcanoes : Basic Information on Volcanoes Volcanoes are mountains
Formed by an uplift or erosion
Connects to molten rock below the Earth’s surface
The term volcano refers to the opening where the lava and gases are released
Once the molten rock and gases are released it can be very dangerous for neighboring houses/cities
An eruption occurs when magma rises out of the volcano and hits the Earth’s surface.
Basic Information Cont. : Basic Information Cont. There are an estimated 575 active volcanoes
Not including the ones below the sea
According to Scientist approximately 225,000 people have died from volcanic eruptions in the last 500 years
Forced around 500,000 people out of their homes
Hawaiian Volcanoes : Hawaiian Volcanoes
Life Stages of Hawaiian Volcanoes : Life Stages of Hawaiian Volcanoes
Lava Types : Lava Types Two main types
Pāhoehoe
“Smooth” fluid lava
Thin flow
Slow moving
‘A‘ā
“Rough” lava
Thick flow
Fast moving
Lava Types Cont. : Lava Types Cont. Examples of ‘A‘ā and Pāhoehoe
Chain of Craters Road, Big Island Old Pali Road, Oahu
Erosion (NW Hawaiian Islands) : Erosion (NW Hawaiian Islands) Islands are continually shrinking
Nihoa Island
-This is from continued erosion from the sea
Interview with Scott Rowland : Interview with Scott Rowland Ph.D. University of Hawai’i, 1987
Specialist in Volcanology& Geology
What is the largest active volcano in the world? : What is the largest active volcano in the world? Mauna Loa in Hawaii!
It stands around 13,600 feet
Located on the Big Island
Last eruption was in 1984
Mauna Loa from Saddle Road
How were the Hawaiian Islands formed? : How were the Hawaiian Islands formed? The Islands are just the tops of these massive volcanic mountains.
They were formed by the numerous eruptions and over the course of several million years the lava just built up and created the Islands
What makes a volcano erupt? : What makes a volcano erupt? Volcanoes erupt once they reach the temperature of around 200 degrees Celsius.
A volcano can even erupt ice if it reaches around -350 degrees Celsius.
Common in Alaska and polar regions
How much notice is there before an eruption occurs? : How much notice is there before an eruption occurs? There is no clear-cut answer for this question however some scientist believe that gases are visible well over 30 minutes before a volcanic eruption occurs.
What are characteristics of a volcano? : What are characteristics of a volcano? A volcano consists of:
Magma
Magma chamber
A vent where the magma spews out of
Characteristics of a volcano : Characteristics of a volcano
What exactly is lava? : What exactly is lava? Lava consists of:
Crystals
Volcanic glass
Volcanic gases called “bubbles”