WH Review Game for Final 2nd Semester

2nd Semester Final Exam : 

2nd Semester Final Exam Review Game World History

Period in the 1700s when philosophers believed that they could apply the scientific method and use reason to explain human nature logically. : 

2 Period in the 1700s when philosophers believed that they could apply the scientific method and use reason to explain human nature logically. Enlightenment

In 1762 he published The Social Contract, stating that people are naturally good, but that environment, education, and laws corrupt them. He believed that people could preserve their natural state only if they could choose their own government. He wrote that government must be created by and controlled by the people (popular sovereignty). : 

3 In 1762 he published The Social Contract, stating that people are naturally good, but that environment, education, and laws corrupt them. He believed that people could preserve their natural state only if they could choose their own government. He wrote that government must be created by and controlled by the people (popular sovereignty). Jean-Jacques Rousseau

French philosophe that believed that the balance between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches provided checks to political power (checks and balances). : 

4 French philosophe that believed that the balance between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches provided checks to political power (checks and balances). Baron de Montesquieu

An English philosopher and political theorist whose 1651 book Leviathan effectively kicked off the English Enlightenment. He thought that all humans are inherently self-driven cruel, nasty, and brutish and that the best form of government is thus a single, all-powerful monarch to keep everything in order. : 

5 An English philosopher and political theorist whose 1651 book Leviathan effectively kicked off the English Enlightenment. He thought that all humans are inherently self-driven cruel, nasty, and brutish and that the best form of government is thus a single, all-powerful monarch to keep everything in order. Thomas Hobbes

Optimistic English political philosopher; argued for man’s essentially good nature; advocated representative government as an ideal form. “If the government doesn’t protect your natural rights, you have the right to throw it out.” : 

6 Optimistic English political philosopher; argued for man’s essentially good nature; advocated representative government as an ideal form. “If the government doesn’t protect your natural rights, you have the right to throw it out.” John Locke

Labored 25 years to produce the massive, 28 volume The Encyclopedia, which included articles by philosophes such as Montesquieu and Voltaire.It helped spread enlightenment ideas around the world. : 

7 Labored 25 years to produce the massive, 28 volume The Encyclopedia, which included articles by philosophes such as Montesquieu and Voltaire.It helped spread enlightenment ideas around the world. Denis Diderot and The Encyclopedia

– Head of the Committee of Public Safety and a chief architect of the Reign of Terror. Because they feared losing their heads, the National Convention turned against him and he lost his head to the guillotine. : 

8 – Head of the Committee of Public Safety and a chief architect of the Reign of Terror. Because they feared losing their heads, the National Convention turned against him and he lost his head to the guillotine. Maximilien Robespierre

A champion of religious freedom and freedom of thought this French philosophe said, “I do not agree with a word that you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it”. : 

9 A champion of religious freedom and freedom of thought this French philosophe said, “I do not agree with a word that you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it”. Voltaire

Italian Renaissance writer, described government in the way it actually worked (ruthless). He wrote The Prince (the end justifies the mean). : 

10 Italian Renaissance writer, described government in the way it actually worked (ruthless). He wrote The Prince (the end justifies the mean). Niccolo Machiavelli

He thought people could receive salvation only through personal faith and the grace of God (faith led to salvation). He publicly challenged the selling of indulgences? : 

11 He thought people could receive salvation only through personal faith and the grace of God (faith led to salvation). He publicly challenged the selling of indulgences? Martin Luther

The idea that at the beginning of time God decided who (the Elect) would be saved (central to Calvinism). : 

12 The idea that at the beginning of time God decided who (the Elect) would be saved (central to Calvinism). predestination

Italian Renaissance artist that painted The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, he was also an engineer, architect, sculptor, and scientist. : 

13 Italian Renaissance artist that painted The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, he was also an engineer, architect, sculptor, and scientist. Leonardo da Vinci

Italian Renaissance artist that painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling and sculpted the statue of David. : 

14 Italian Renaissance artist that painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling and sculpted the statue of David. Michelangelo

Dutch (northern) humanist scholar who studied early Christian as well as classical culture (both).  He criticized the Church. : 

15 Dutch (northern) humanist scholar who studied early Christian as well as classical culture (both).  He criticized the Church. Desiderius Erasmus

Leading literary figure (English) of the time, he also transformed well-known stories into dramatic masterpieces and wrote plays that focused on human emotions. : 

16 Leading literary figure (English) of the time, he also transformed well-known stories into dramatic masterpieces and wrote plays that focused on human emotions. William Shakespeare

pardons from punishments for sin : 

17 pardons from punishments for sin indulgences

He emphasized predestination and righteous living (high moral standards).  He also set up a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland (1536). : 

18 He emphasized predestination and righteous living (high moral standards).  He also set up a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland (1536). John Calvin

single page sheets of news : 

19 single page sheets of news broadsides

One of the first humanists, studied classical writers, believed it is important to lead a full and active life here on earth (but worried about salvation). : 

20 One of the first humanists, studied classical writers, believed it is important to lead a full and active life here on earth (but worried about salvation). Francesco Petrarch

He invented the printing press around 1450 A.D. : 

21 He invented the printing press around 1450 A.D. Johannes Gutenberg

The name for the movement by the Catholic Church to make changes within itself. : 

22 The name for the movement by the Catholic Church to make changes within itself. Counter-Reformation

Wrote Utopia and condemned government as corrupt and argued that private ownership of property caused too many conflicts. He was executed by Henry VIII : 

23 Wrote Utopia and condemned government as corrupt and argued that private ownership of property caused too many conflicts. He was executed by Henry VIII Sir Thomas More

French people, including high ranking nobles who converted to Calvinism. : 

24 French people, including high ranking nobles who converted to Calvinism. Huguenots

Movement following the Middle Ages (beginning in the 1300’s) that centered on the revival of the interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome. : 

25 Movement following the Middle Ages (beginning in the 1300’s) that centered on the revival of the interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome. Renaissance

People who specialize in studying the grammar, history, poetry, and rhetoric.  Taught life should be meaningful. Displayed a critical approach to learning. : 

26 People who specialize in studying the grammar, history, poetry, and rhetoric.  Taught life should be meaningful. Displayed a critical approach to learning. humanists

Technique used by artists to create the illusion of depth by making distant objects smaller. : 

27 Technique used by artists to create the illusion of depth by making distant objects smaller. perspective

They were a group of (N. European) painters who developed oil painting techniques.  They paid great attention to detail (facial expressions, bald, frail, imperfect) and portrayed realistic human figures and subject matter. : 

28 They were a group of (N. European) painters who developed oil painting techniques.  They paid great attention to detail (facial expressions, bald, frail, imperfect) and portrayed realistic human figures and subject matter. Flemish School

Why was the Anglican Church formed? : 

29 Why was the Anglican Church formed? Henry VIII’s desire for a divorce caused him to create the Amglican Church.

Where did the Renaissance begin? : 

30 Where did the Renaissance begin? in Italy

removal of the belief in magic : 

31 removal of the belief in magic disenchantment

Why did education increase during the Renaissance and Reformation? : 

32 Why did education increase during the Renaissance and Reformation? With the invention of the printing press, books for the masses were published and broadsides became available.  Churches looked to provide education for their followers as new ideas were spread faster than ever before.

What were 2 major causes for the Reformation? : 

33 What were 2 major causes for the Reformation? popes sold indulgences to raise money immoral behavior amongst the clergy too much involvement in politics and war

What was 1 cause of the Renaissance? : 

34 What was 1 cause of the Renaissance? 1. Crusades brought Italians into contact with Byzantines who had preserved Greek and Roman learning.  2. Contact with new ideas from Asia and Africa.3. Wealth from increased trade.

Meeting held in 1545 to reform the Catholic Church, it clarified doctrines, emphasized ceremonies, tightened discipline within the clergy, and emphasized the need for priests. : 

35 Meeting held in 1545 to reform the Catholic Church, it clarified doctrines, emphasized ceremonies, tightened discipline within the clergy, and emphasized the need for priests. Council of Trent

How did Luther’s ideas spread so quickly? : 

36 How did Luther’s ideas spread so quickly? The invention of the printing press.

gave religious freedom and some political rights to the Huguenots : 

37 gave religious freedom and some political rights to the Huguenots Edict of Nantes

A government ruled by religious leaders (ex. the city of Geneva, 1536). : 

38 A government ruled by religious leaders (ex. the city of Geneva, 1536). theocracy

Founded by Ignatius de Loyola (1534), they were a religious order that spread Catholicism during the Counter-Reformation. : 

39 Founded by Ignatius de Loyola (1534), they were a religious order that spread Catholicism during the Counter-Reformation. Jesuits

a way for people to explain the unknown (bad luck brought by black cats) : 

40 a way for people to explain the unknown (bad luck brought by black cats) superstition

Give 2 of the three major results of the Protestant Reformation : 

41 Give 2 of the three major results of the Protestant Reformation diversity of churches; education increased; national governments (kings and queens) gained power

measure of the quality of lifeaffected by environment, health, home life, income, and working conditionsincreased in Europe for peasants during the Renaissance : 

42 measure of the quality of lifeaffected by environment, health, home life, income, and working conditionsincreased in Europe for peasants during the Renaissance standard of living

Books that included info about weather and predictions for crops, included maps, calendars, and medical adviceThey especially appealed to the commoners : 

43 Books that included info about weather and predictions for crops, included maps, calendars, and medical adviceThey especially appealed to the commoners almanacs

(early 1500s) Influenced by the writings of Erasmus, he called for religious reform in Switzerland. He died in a battle between Catholics and Protestants : 

44 (early 1500s) Influenced by the writings of Erasmus, he called for religious reform in Switzerland. He died in a battle between Catholics and Protestants Huldrych Zwingli

Group of young people inspired to help reclaim the Holy Land, but never reached it and was possibly sold into slavery : 

45 Group of young people inspired to help reclaim the Holy Land, but never reached it and was possibly sold into slavery Children’s Crusade

He created the Anglican Church in order to get a divorce? : 

46 He created the Anglican Church in order to get a divorce? Henry VIII

During the Renaissance, their was a trend of people moving to cities which is called…? : 

47 During the Renaissance, their was a trend of people moving to cities which is called…? urbanization

In 1095, he called for Christian knights to free the Holy Land from Seljuq Turk control : 

48 In 1095, he called for Christian knights to free the Holy Land from Seljuq Turk control Pope Urban II

Series of military expeditions to regain the Holy Land : 

49 Series of military expeditions to regain the Holy Land Crusades

societies of a few people usually led by a preacher (1520’s and 1530’s) : 

50 societies of a few people usually led by a preacher (1520’s and 1530’s) sects

Kurdish Muslim Leader that gained control of Jerusalem during the 3rd Crusade. He was known for his military leadership, chivalry, and mercy : 

51 Kurdish Muslim Leader that gained control of Jerusalem during the 3rd Crusade. He was known for his military leadership, chivalry, and mercy Saladin

Holy Roman Emperor that tried to stop the spread of Protestantism in the German states : 

52 Holy Roman Emperor that tried to stop the spread of Protestantism in the German states Charles V

List 2 major results of the Crusades : 

53 List 2 major results of the Crusades Weapons and warfare – new ways to wage war Political changes – fewer lords, stronger kings, end of feudalism, more powerful Christian church Ideas and trade – new ideas and trade patterns

A meeting summoned by Charles V that commanded Martin Luther to abandon his ideas. Luther refused and was branded an outlaw. : 

54 A meeting summoned by Charles V that commanded Martin Luther to abandon his ideas. Luther refused and was branded an outlaw. Diet of Worms

What style of art would Jan Van Eyck, and Peter Bruegel fall under? : 

55 What style of art would Jan Van Eyck, and Peter Bruegel fall under? The Flemish School

Contrasted the course knight of the Middle Ages with the refined courtier of the RenaissanceUsed fictional conversations to show how a gentleman should act : 

56 Contrasted the course knight of the Middle Ages with the refined courtier of the RenaissanceUsed fictional conversations to show how a gentleman should act Baldassare Castiglione

A leader of Florence, he used his power and wealth to become a great patron of the arts (helping to grow the Renaissance) : 

57 A leader of Florence, he used his power and wealth to become a great patron of the arts (helping to grow the Renaissance) Lorenzo de Medici

She used her wealth, intelligence, and power to support artists and scholars in Florence, Italy. Her palace was one of the most brilliant of the Renaissance. : 

58 She used her wealth, intelligence, and power to support artists and scholars in Florence, Italy. Her palace was one of the most brilliant of the Renaissance. Isabella d’Este

WHO: Spanish Explorer WHEN: 1513WHAT:first European to see the Pacific Ocean from America : 

59 WHO: Spanish Explorer WHEN: 1513WHAT:first European to see the Pacific Ocean from America Vasco Nunez de Balboa

stated that the sun was the center of the universe, not the earth (heliocentric theory) - kept ideas to himself because of fear of the church.  His theory is called HELIOCENTRIC. : 

60 stated that the sun was the center of the universe, not the earth (heliocentric theory) - kept ideas to himself because of fear of the church.  His theory is called HELIOCENTRIC. Nicolaus Copernicus

Besides wiping out large numbers of native populations, what was a major effect of disease…(on New World) : 

61 Besides wiping out large numbers of native populations, what was a major effect of disease…(on New World) Created a greater need for slavery.

WHO: Prince of PortugalWHEN: early 1400’sWHAT:   “The Navigator” brought Europe's best geographers and navigators together to study navigation.Sent out expeditions into Atlantic and west coast of Africa : 

62 WHO: Prince of PortugalWHEN: early 1400’sWHAT:   “The Navigator” brought Europe's best geographers and navigators together to study navigation.Sent out expeditions into Atlantic and west coast of Africa Prince Henry

WHAT: wanted to sail west around the world to get to Asia - landed in Caribbean - thought he was in India1st to establish a permanent relationship with New World and Europe : 

63 WHAT: wanted to sail west around the world to get to Asia - landed in Caribbean - thought he was in India1st to establish a permanent relationship with New World and Europe Christopher Columbus

How could a country get more gold or silver in a Mercantilist system? : 

64 How could a country get more gold or silver in a Mercantilist system? To become more wealthy, nations should export more than they import.

Import taxes on foreign goods : 

65 Import taxes on foreign goods Tariffs

pioneered the study of anatomy : 

66 pioneered the study of anatomy Andreas Vesalius

WHO: English scientist WHEN: 1687WHAT: explained the laws of motion and developed a mathematical way to measure motion. developed calculus and the laws of gravity : 

67 WHO: English scientist WHEN: 1687WHAT: explained the laws of motion and developed a mathematical way to measure motion. developed calculus and the laws of gravity Sir Isaac Newton

1539-1542, Spain, explored Florida and Mississippi : 

68 1539-1542, Spain, explored Florida and Mississippi Hernando de Soto

WHO: English PhysicianWHEN: 1578 - 1657WHAT:Studied circulation of blood and the human heart : 

69 WHO: English PhysicianWHEN: 1578 - 1657WHAT:Studied circulation of blood and the human heart William Harvey

Where does America get it’s name from? : 

70 Where does America get it’s name from? Amerigo Vespucci

WHO: Portugal explorerWHEN:1498WHAT:1st to sail around Africa and make it to India. : 

71 WHO: Portugal explorerWHEN:1498WHAT:1st to sail around Africa and make it to India. Vasco da Gama

Had total control of trade between Netherlands and East IndiesDominated business in Java, Sumatra, and Spice Islands : 

72 Had total control of trade between Netherlands and East IndiesDominated business in Java, Sumatra, and Spice Islands Dutch East India Company

“Father of Modern Chemistry “named oxygenexplained fireshowed the changing state of matter (law of conservation of matter) : 

73 “Father of Modern Chemistry “named oxygenexplained fireshowed the changing state of matter (law of conservation of matter) Antoine Lavoisier

WHO: sailed for SpainWHEN: 1519WHAT:his crew sailed all the way around the globenamed Pacific Ocean : 

74 WHO: sailed for SpainWHEN: 1519WHAT:his crew sailed all the way around the globenamed Pacific Ocean Ferdinand Magellan

Why did people first migrate to the Americas? : 

75 Why did people first migrate to the Americas? Follow herds in search of food

Why did so many discoveries take place in such a short time? (3) Give me one! : 

76 Why did so many discoveries take place in such a short time? (3) Give me one! People questioned their beliefs (shift to science) Printing press Scientific societies formed

From which countries did the first European explorers venture into the unknown? (not Vikings) : 

77 From which countries did the first European explorers venture into the unknown? (not Vikings) Portugal and Spain

Economic theory that a nation’s wealth was measured by the amount of gold or silver it possessed. : 

78 Economic theory that a nation’s wealth was measured by the amount of gold or silver it possessed. Mercantilism

WHAT:Method of inquiry that includes:observationcarefully conducted experimentsmathematical calculations - to verify the results of experiments. : 

79 WHAT:Method of inquiry that includes:observationcarefully conducted experimentsmathematical calculations - to verify the results of experiments. scientific method

Business organization developed during the Commercial Revolution in which owners raised money by selling shares, or stock, in the company. : 

80 Business organization developed during the Commercial Revolution in which owners raised money by selling shares, or stock, in the company. Joint Stock Company

He stated that Earth was the center of the universe (geocentric, or "Earth-centered," theory) : 

81 He stated that Earth was the center of the universe (geocentric, or "Earth-centered," theory) Ptolemy

WHO: French philosopher WHEN: 1596-1650WHAT: stated all assumptions had to be proven on the basis of facts ("I think, therefore I am").Question, question, question and prove, prove, prove : 

82 WHO: French philosopher WHEN: 1596-1650WHAT: stated all assumptions had to be proven on the basis of facts ("I think, therefore I am").Question, question, question and prove, prove, prove Rene Descartes

WHO: Italian scientist WHEN: 1632WHAT: used telescope to prove Copernicus and Kepler right.  The Catholic Church declared him a heretic (until 1992!) : 

83 WHO: Italian scientist WHEN: 1632WHAT: used telescope to prove Copernicus and Kepler right.  The Catholic Church declared him a heretic (until 1992!) Galileo Galilei

Give me new tool or method early scientists used to study the world. : 

84 Give me new tool or method early scientists used to study the world. Scientific instruments (barometer, microscope, telescope, & thermometer) Mathematics Experiments

exchange of goods and ideas between the Old and New World : 

85 exchange of goods and ideas between the Old and New World Columbian Exchange

WHO: Spanish ConquistadorWHEN: 1532WHAT: conquered Atahualpa and the Incas in South America : 

86 WHO: Spanish ConquistadorWHEN: 1532WHAT: conquered Atahualpa and the Incas in South America Francisco Pizarro

WHO: Spanish Explorer WHEN: 1513WHAT: discovered FloridaSearched for the “Fountain of Youth” : 

87 WHO: Spanish Explorer WHEN: 1513WHAT: discovered FloridaSearched for the “Fountain of Youth” Juan Ponce de Leon

WHO: Spanish ConquistadoresWHEN: 1521WHAT:Conquered Moctezuma II and the Aztecs Destroyed Tenochtitlan : 

88 WHO: Spanish ConquistadoresWHEN: 1521WHAT:Conquered Moctezuma II and the Aztecs Destroyed Tenochtitlan Hernan Cortes

WHO: French philosopher WHAT: stated all assumptions had to be proven on the basis of facts ("I think, therefore I am"). : 

89 WHO: French philosopher WHAT: stated all assumptions had to be proven on the basis of facts ("I think, therefore I am"). Rene Descartes

What enabled Europeans to explore the world (give me two out of three)? : 

90 What enabled Europeans to explore the world (give me two out of three)? Creation of powerful nation-states Spain – Ferdinand and Isabella Wealth Technology

(1493) This drew a line separating Portuguese and Spanish claims. Everything to the east (Portuguese) to west (Spanish) : 

91 (1493) This drew a line separating Portuguese and Spanish claims. Everything to the east (Portuguese) to west (Spanish) Treaty of Tordesillas

new type of ship that could sail into the wind (3-12 knots per hour) : 

92 new type of ship that could sail into the wind (3-12 knots per hour) Caravel

WHO: German astronomer WHEN: 1609WHAT:laws of planetary motion he used math to prove that the earth and the other planets are constantly in motion around the sun in elliptical orbits : 

93 WHO: German astronomer WHEN: 1609WHAT:laws of planetary motion he used math to prove that the earth and the other planets are constantly in motion around the sun in elliptical orbits Johannes Kepler

WHO: Portuguese Explorer WHEN: 1488WHAT: 1st to sail around Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of Africa) and find route to Indian Ocean. : 

94 WHO: Portuguese Explorer WHEN: 1488WHAT: 1st to sail around Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of Africa) and find route to Indian Ocean. Bartolomeu Dias

Which European country’s goal was to make money (not to conquer or convert people)? : 

95 Which European country’s goal was to make money (not to conquer or convert people)? The Netherlands or Dutch

Father of Microbiologyused microscope to discover bacteria : 

96 Father of Microbiologyused microscope to discover bacteria Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

What was the motivation for Europeans to “explore” (3)? : 

97 What was the motivation for Europeans to “explore” (3)? God, Gold, Glory

WHEN: 1500-1600sWHAT: Era when people began using experiments and mathematics to understand the mysteries of nature (as opposed to religion and magic). : 

98 WHEN: 1500-1600sWHAT: Era when people began using experiments and mathematics to understand the mysteries of nature (as opposed to religion and magic). Scientific Revolution

Why were Europeans so successful in conquering the native population (4)? : 

99 Why were Europeans so successful in conquering the native population (4)? Guns Horses Military tactics/training Disease

1540-1542, Spain, Southwest North America : 

100 1540-1542, Spain, Southwest North America Francisco Coronado

WHO: Spanish officials WHAT: represented the monarchy in Spain’s colonial empirereported top the Council of the Indies in SpainLike a substitute King or Queen! : 

101 WHO: Spanish officials WHAT: represented the monarchy in Spain’s colonial empirereported top the Council of the Indies in SpainLike a substitute King or Queen! Viceroys

Government grants of money. : 

102 Government grants of money. Subsidies

liberal - want change : 

103 liberal - want change Left wing

radical - want change at any cost : 

104 radical - want change at any cost Far left wing

moderate - will go one way or the other : 

105 moderate - will go one way or the other middle

conservative - want thins to stay the same : 

106 conservative - want thins to stay the same Right wing

reactionary - favor change to go back to the "old school" : 

107 reactionary - favor change to go back to the "old school" Far right wing

Situation in which a government spends more money than it takes in. : 

108 Situation in which a government spends more money than it takes in. Deficit spending

- July 14, 1789 Over 800 Parisians assembled and attacked the Bastille. They broke through the defenses and released several of the prisoners. Becomes a symbol of the French Revolution. : 

109 - July 14, 1789 Over 800 Parisians assembled and attacked the Bastille. They broke through the defenses and released several of the prisoners. Becomes a symbol of the French Revolution. Storming of the Bastille

- Nobles, clergy, and others who fled revolutionary France. They spread the news of the attacks on their privileges, property, religion, and even their lives. : 

110 - Nobles, clergy, and others who fled revolutionary France. They spread the news of the attacks on their privileges, property, religion, and even their lives. Émigrés

40,000 people put to death in the name of the revolution between July 1793-July 1794 under the National Convention and Robespierre. : 

111 40,000 people put to death in the name of the revolution between July 1793-July 1794 under the National Convention and Robespierre. Reign of Terror

The right to vote. : 

112 The right to vote. Suffrage

To step down from high office or power. : 

113 To step down from high office or power. Abdicate

Owned 10% of the land, didn’t have to pay taxes, and collected tithes (taxes on income). They complained about Enlightenment thinkers and ideas. : 

114 Owned 10% of the land, didn’t have to pay taxes, and collected tithes (taxes on income). They complained about Enlightenment thinkers and ideas. First Estate (Clergy)

Didn’t have to pay taxes, had all the good jobs in government, the military, and the church, could hunt, owned 20% of the land but complained about absolute monarchy and resented the fact that middle class people had positions in the royal bureaucracy that had once been for nobles. : 

115 Didn’t have to pay taxes, had all the good jobs in government, the military, and the church, could hunt, owned 20% of the land but complained about absolute monarchy and resented the fact that middle class people had positions in the royal bureaucracy that had once been for nobles. Second Estate (Nobles)

– They had very few privileges (could own land) and complained about paying taxes, corvee (unpaid labor), bad jobs, not being able to hunt, and rising prices. : 

116 – They had very few privileges (could own land) and complained about paying taxes, corvee (unpaid labor), bad jobs, not being able to hunt, and rising prices. Third Estate (Bourgeoisie and Peasants)

Hitler's attempt to get rid of all Jews - called his Final Solution.  included gas chambers and concentration camps.  Jews were blamed for losing WWI and for causing the Great Depression. : 

117 Hitler's attempt to get rid of all Jews - called his Final Solution.  included gas chambers and concentration camps.  Jews were blamed for losing WWI and for causing the Great Depression. Holocaust

deliberate attempt to kill all members of a racial, cultural, or ethnic group : 

118 deliberate attempt to kill all members of a racial, cultural, or ethnic group genocide

France, US, USSR, Great Britain and other countries fighting against Axis powers (in WWII) : 

119 France, US, USSR, Great Britain and other countries fighting against Axis powers (in WWII) The Allies

Germany, Italy, Japan and others that fought against the Allies in WWII? : 

120 Germany, Italy, Japan and others that fought against the Allies in WWII? Axis