Master Review: Van Buren to Polk :Master Review: Van Buren to Polk Review Game A.P. U.S. History


WHO: issued by President JacksonWHEN: July 11, 1836WHAT:required that the purchase of public lands be paid for in gold or silverWHY: The economy was expanding (artificially) because states were printing so much money“Wildcat” currency became so unstableRESULT: It stopped the land speculation and the sale of public lands went down sharply. Contributed to the Panic of 1837. :2 WHO: issued by President JacksonWHEN: July 11, 1836WHAT:required that the purchase of public lands be paid for in gold or silverWHY: The economy was expanding (artificially) because states were printing so much money“Wildcat” currency became so unstableRESULT: It stopped the land speculation and the sale of public lands went down sharply. Contributed to the Panic of 1837. The Specie Circular


Election of 1840 between Democrat Martin Van Buren and Whig William “Tippecanoe” Henry Harrisonis often symbolized by the propaganda used by the WhigsWhat was the propaganda? :3 Election of 1840 between Democrat Martin Van Buren and Whig William “Tippecanoe” Henry Harrisonis often symbolized by the propaganda used by the WhigsWhat was the propaganda? “Log Cabin and Hard Cider” Campaign


During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in:Liberty of individual important as well American System (renewed national bank, protective tariffs, internal improvements)public schoolssocial reforms:temperance, and eventually abolition of slavery :4 During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in:Liberty of individual important as well American System (renewed national bank, protective tariffs, internal improvements)public schoolssocial reforms:temperance, and eventually abolition of slavery Whigs


Proposed by Martin Van Buren to keep federal money in federal vaults not made available to private banks (partially because of the Panic of 1837) :5 Proposed by Martin Van Buren to keep federal money in federal vaults not made available to private banks (partially because of the Panic of 1837) “Divorce Bill”, Independent Treasury Bill 1840


He was sent by James K. Polk to occupy the disputed area and was fired on; Polk demanded a declaration for war with Mexico! :6 He was sent by James K. Polk to occupy the disputed area and was fired on; Polk demanded a declaration for war with Mexico! Zachary Taylor


1846-1848 - Causes: annexation of Texas, diplomatic ineptness of U.S./Mexican relations in the 1840's and particularly the provocation of U.S. troops on the Rio Grande. The first half of the war was fought in northern Mexico near the Texas border, with the U.S. Army led by Zachary Taylor. The second half of the war was fought in central Mexico after U.S. troops seized the port of Veracruz, with the Army being led by Winfield Scott. Results: U.S. captured Mexico City, Zachary Taylor was elected president, Santa Ana abdicated, and Mexico ceded large parts of the West, including New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Nevada and California, to the U.S. :7 1846-1848 - Causes: annexation of Texas, diplomatic ineptness of U.S./Mexican relations in the 1840's and particularly the provocation of U.S. troops on the Rio Grande. The first half of the war was fought in northern Mexico near the Texas border, with the U.S. Army led by Zachary Taylor. The second half of the war was fought in central Mexico after U.S. troops seized the port of Veracruz, with the Army being led by Winfield Scott. Results: U.S. captured Mexico City, Zachary Taylor was elected president, Santa Ana abdicated, and Mexico ceded large parts of the West, including New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Nevada and California, to the U.S. Mexican-American War


Covered Wagons took 6 months (about 12 miles a day) :8 Covered Wagons took 6 months (about 12 miles a day) Prairie Schooners


(1,300,000) – escaping a potato famine and crop failures; most settled in NE port cities like NY, Boston, and Philadelphia (didn’t have money to buy land and move west)! :9 (1,300,000) – escaping a potato famine and crop failures; most settled in NE port cities like NY, Boston, and Philadelphia (didn’t have money to buy land and move west)! Irish


He lost the Election of 1844 because he flip-flopped on the Texas issue saying he wanted Texas but it could wait. :10 He lost the Election of 1844 because he flip-flopped on the Texas issue saying he wanted Texas but it could wait. Henry Clay


(1838, 1839) A local border dispute that the British and American governments had to settle! The only war ever declared by a state! WHAT – argument between the Canadian region of New Brunswick and the state of Maine. CAUSE - Canadian lumberjacks kicked out of disputed area of Aroostook by Maine officials. PROBLEM SETTLED BY – Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 1842 - Established Maine's northern border and the boundaries of the Great Lake states. :11 (1838, 1839) A local border dispute that the British and American governments had to settle! The only war ever declared by a state! WHAT – argument between the Canadian region of New Brunswick and the state of Maine. CAUSE - Canadian lumberjacks kicked out of disputed area of Aroostook by Maine officials. PROBLEM SETTLED BY – Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 1842 - Established Maine's northern border and the boundaries of the Great Lake states. Aroostook War


Operating from 1833 to 1856, it was formed in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party. In particular, they supported the supremacy of Congress over the executive branch and federal over state government. They also favored many reforms and Clay's American System. :12 Operating from 1833 to 1856, it was formed in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party. In particular, they supported the supremacy of Congress over the executive branch and federal over state government. They also favored many reforms and Clay's American System. Whigs


9th President (1 Term – only part, he died in office!); PARTY – Whigs :13 9th President (1 Term – only part, he died in office!); PARTY – Whigs Willliam Henry Harrison


(1837) WHAT - Some Americans supported Canadian rebels attacking Toronto to stop British rule, Britain retaliated burning the supply ship and sending it over Niagara Falls! RESULT - strained British and U.S. relations for a while. :14 (1837) WHAT - Some Americans supported Canadian rebels attacking Toronto to stop British rule, Britain retaliated burning the supply ship and sending it over Niagara Falls! RESULT - strained British and U.S. relations for a while. The Caroline Affair


Martin Van Buren v. WHIGS (William Henry Harrison, Daniel Webster, Hugh Lawson White). NEW PARTY – The Whigs (formed as opposition to Andrew Jackson); Whig strategy – by running several candidates, no one would receive a majority of the electoral vote sending it the House of Representatives (where they thought they could defeat Van Buren and the Democrats)! Martin Van Buren won big! :15 Martin Van Buren v. WHIGS (William Henry Harrison, Daniel Webster, Hugh Lawson White). NEW PARTY – The Whigs (formed as opposition to Andrew Jackson); Whig strategy – by running several candidates, no one would receive a majority of the electoral vote sending it the House of Representatives (where they thought they could defeat Van Buren and the Democrats)! Martin Van Buren won big! Election of 1836


She created the "Loose Bloomer" for women's comfort (corsets could cause permanent organ damage)! They were considered scandalous b/c they challenged the norm! :16 She created the "Loose Bloomer" for women's comfort (corsets could cause permanent organ damage)! They were considered scandalous b/c they challenged the norm! Amelia Bloomer


Settlers that got stuck in the snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains and sort of ran out of food (Cannibals say “tastes like chicken”) Of the original 87 pioneers, 39 died and 48 survived. :17 Settlers that got stuck in the snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains and sort of ran out of food (Cannibals say “tastes like chicken”) Of the original 87 pioneers, 39 died and 48 survived. Donner Party


He defeated Tecumseh at Battle of the Thames River in 1813 and along with this victory and the Battle of Tippecanoe (earlier over Tecumseh’s brother) :18 He defeated Tecumseh at Battle of the Thames River in 1813 and along with this victory and the Battle of Tippecanoe (earlier over Tecumseh’s brother) William Henry Harrison


Which party’s PLATFORM?promoted: platform of progressive social reform:educationprisons, asylumstemperanceabolition of slaverylimited westward expansionTHEY”RE POLICIES INCLUDED:Clay's American Systeminternal improvements including canals, railroads, telegraph linesprotective tariffs support of industry :19 Which party’s PLATFORM?promoted: platform of progressive social reform:educationprisons, asylumstemperanceabolition of slaverylimited westward expansionTHEY”RE POLICIES INCLUDED:Clay's American Systeminternal improvements including canals, railroads, telegraph linesprotective tariffs support of industry Whigs


When Texas petitioned for annexation in 1837, why did the U.S. not annex them? What issue were they worried about? :20 When Texas petitioned for annexation in 1837, why did the U.S. not annex them? What issue were they worried about? Slavery, balance of power


During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in:Liberty of the individualStates’ rightsfederal restraint in social and economic affairs :21 During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in:Liberty of the individualStates’ rightsfederal restraint in social and economic affairs Democrats


What was the Whigs’ campaign strategy in 1836? Did it work? :22 What was the Whigs’ campaign strategy in 1836? Did it work? Decided to ENTER SEVERAL CANDIDATES in hopes that Martin Van Buren wouldn’t receive a majority of the electoral votes, and the election would be thrown into the House of Representatives.


Polk sent him (w/$30 million) to try and buy disputed border area, New Mexico, and California from Mexico: He was DENIED! :23 Polk sent him (w/$30 million) to try and buy disputed border area, New Mexico, and California from Mexico: He was DENIED! John Slidell


An aggressive slogan adopted in the Oregon boundary dispute, a dispute over where the border between Canada and Oregon should be drawn. This was also Polk's slogan - the Democrats wanted the U.S. border drawn at the 54º40' latitude. Polk settled for the 49º latitude in 1846 (made northerners mad). :24 An aggressive slogan adopted in the Oregon boundary dispute, a dispute over where the border between Canada and Oregon should be drawn. This was also Polk's slogan - the Democrats wanted the U.S. border drawn at the 54º40' latitude. Polk settled for the 49º latitude in 1846 (made northerners mad). “54’40 or fight”


“It’s our God-given right to spread from NY to California”! Phrase commonly used in the 1840's and 1850's. It became a belief that expressed the inevitableness of continued expansion of the U.S. to the Pacific. First used by John L. Sullivan in 1845 article about the annexation of Texas. :25 “It’s our God-given right to spread from NY to California”! Phrase commonly used in the 1840's and 1850's. It became a belief that expressed the inevitableness of continued expansion of the U.S. to the Pacific. First used by John L. Sullivan in 1845 article about the annexation of Texas. Manifest Destiny


(success for Tyler in working w/Whigs) enabled a settler to claim 160 acres of land before it was offered publicly for sale, and later pay $1.25 an acre for it. :26 (success for Tyler in working w/Whigs) enabled a settler to claim 160 acres of land before it was offered publicly for sale, and later pay $1.25 an acre for it. “Log Cabin” Bill


(940,000) – left b/c of political persecutions, fewer opportunities; most settled in the Midwest b/c they typically had more money. :27 (940,000) – left b/c of political persecutions, fewer opportunities; most settled in the Midwest b/c they typically had more money. Germans


The first dark horse candidate in U.S. presidential election history. He was from Tennessee (“Young Hickory”) and was sponsored by Andrew Jackson. He was a major supporter of expansion. :28 The first dark horse candidate in U.S. presidential election history. He was from Tennessee (“Young Hickory”) and was sponsored by Andrew Jackson. He was a major supporter of expansion. James K. Polk


Clay proposed a bill for this twice. Tyler vetoed it both times (angering his party)! – his cabinet resigned (except Secretary of State Daniel Webster – too busy). RESULTS – The Whigs disowned John Tyler (first president to serve w/o a party)! The Whigs attempted to impeach him (first president to have that happen) but it failed! :29 Clay proposed a bill for this twice. Tyler vetoed it both times (angering his party)! – his cabinet resigned (except Secretary of State Daniel Webster – too busy). RESULTS – The Whigs disowned John Tyler (first president to serve w/o a party)! The Whigs attempted to impeach him (first president to have that happen) but it failed! 3rd National Bank


He was called a “dandy” that ate golden apples and bathed in cologne. The Panic of 1837 hurt his chances to get re-elected! He was hand-picked by Andrew Jackson. :30 He was called a “dandy” that ate golden apples and bathed in cologne. The Panic of 1837 hurt his chances to get re-elected! He was hand-picked by Andrew Jackson. Martin Van Buren


In 1844, Samuel F.B. Morse developed this communication by sending electric pulses over wire! He also developed Morse code! – “What hath God wrought?” – a revolution in communication :31 In 1844, Samuel F.B. Morse developed this communication by sending electric pulses over wire! He also developed Morse code! – “What hath God wrought?” – a revolution in communication Telegraph


He supported slavery, but was worried that if Texas were admitted to the union, it would cause a controversy and re-open the slavery debate. He opposed the annexation of Texas b/c of this! :32 He supported slavery, but was worried that if Texas were admitted to the union, it would cause a controversy and re-open the slavery debate. He opposed the annexation of Texas b/c of this! Martin Van Buren


WHOSE STRATEGY WAS THIS?: run several candidates, no one would receive a majority of the electoral vote sending it the House of Representatives (where they thought they could defeat Van Buren and the Democrats)! :33 WHOSE STRATEGY WAS THIS?: run several candidates, no one would receive a majority of the electoral vote sending it the House of Representatives (where they thought they could defeat Van Buren and the Democrats)! Whig strategy in Election of 1836


(1848) Treaty that ended the Mexican-American War. In it: Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River; Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico; and the U.S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay the claims of American citizens against Mexico (over $3,500,000). RESULT: - Debate over slavery opened up b/c we got new territory! :34 (1848) Treaty that ended the Mexican-American War. In it: Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River; Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico; and the U.S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay the claims of American citizens against Mexico (over $3,500,000). RESULT: - Debate over slavery opened up b/c we got new territory! Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo


He was an escaped slave from Maryland that became a leader of the abolitionist movement! Also wrote a famous autobiography and was the best-known abolitionist speaker. He also edited the anti-slavery weekly paper, the North Star. :35 He was an escaped slave from Maryland that became a leader of the abolitionist movement! Also wrote a famous autobiography and was the best-known abolitionist speaker. He also edited the anti-slavery weekly paper, the North Star. Frederick Douglas


WHAT:SOLUTION: (to avoid a civil war in 1820?) add Maine as a free stateadd Missouri as a slave stateban slavery in new territories above latitude line 36’30ALSO WHO ENGINEERED IT? :36 WHAT:SOLUTION: (to avoid a civil war in 1820?) add Maine as a free stateadd Missouri as a slave stateban slavery in new territories above latitude line 36’30ALSO WHO ENGINEERED IT? Missouri Compromise, Henry Clay


What were the 3 parts to Henry Clay’s American System? :37 What were the 3 parts to Henry Clay’s American System? tariff for protection of U.S. manufacturing to strengthen the national bank revenue from tariff to be used for infrastructure (roads and canals)


WHAT:A financial panic leading to failures in:Failures in:BusinessesBanksunemployment CAUSED BY:OverspeculationJackson’s economic policies:Bank WarJackson’s Specie Circular (which required that all land be purchased with hard currency)Failures of wheat cropsFinancial troubles in Europe :38 WHAT:A financial panic leading to failures in:Failures in:BusinessesBanksunemployment CAUSED BY:OverspeculationJackson’s economic policies:Bank WarJackson’s Specie Circular (which required that all land be purchased with hard currency)Failures of wheat cropsFinancial troubles in Europe Panic of 1837


WHEN: 1830’sWHAT: route by which thousands of Native Americans, primarily Cherokee, were forcibly removed countless Native Americans, forced to walk hundreds miles under horrible conditions, many (over 4,000) died along the way. WHERE: from their southeastern homelands and relocated to new reservations west of the Mississippi :39 WHEN: 1830’sWHAT: route by which thousands of Native Americans, primarily Cherokee, were forcibly removed countless Native Americans, forced to walk hundreds miles under horrible conditions, many (over 4,000) died along the way. WHERE: from their southeastern homelands and relocated to new reservations west of the Mississippi Trail of Tears


The SIGNIFICANCE of the election of 1840 was that America had shifted from aristocracy to a ___________.A strong _____ party system continued to grow and the _______ Party became a true national party :40 The SIGNIFICANCE of the election of 1840 was that America had shifted from aristocracy to a ___________.A strong _____ party system continued to grow and the _______ Party became a true national party Democracy, two, Whig


Andrew Jackson ultimately got rid of the Bank of the United States by pulling out the federal governments money and depositing it in _____________? :41 Andrew Jackson ultimately got rid of the Bank of the United States by pulling out the federal governments money and depositing it in _____________? “pet banks”


“Old Fuss and Feathers”, he was a veteran of the War of 1812 and during the Mexican-American War, he battled his way from Vera Cruz to Mexico City under harsh conditions. He took over Mexico City, ending the war and he became a WAR HERO! :42 “Old Fuss and Feathers”, he was a veteran of the War of 1812 and during the Mexican-American War, he battled his way from Vera Cruz to Mexico City under harsh conditions. He took over Mexico City, ending the war and he became a WAR HERO! General Winfield Scott


The U.S. insisted this river was the southern border of the U.S. in 1846. :43 The U.S. insisted this river was the southern border of the U.S. in 1846. Rio Grande


The Oregon Treaty of 1846 established an U.S./Canadian (British) border along this parallel. The boundary along it extended from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. :44 The Oregon Treaty of 1846 established an U.S./Canadian (British) border along this parallel. The boundary along it extended from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. 49th Parallel


He coined the term “manifest destiny” in an 1845 article about the annexation of Texas. :45 He coined the term “manifest destiny” in an 1845 article about the annexation of Texas. John L. Sullivan


MAJOR EXPANSIONIST! – he even used the military to support “Manifest Destiny” (Texas, Oregon, and he Mexican Cession) :46 MAJOR EXPANSIONIST! – he even used the military to support “Manifest Destiny” (Texas, Oregon, and he Mexican Cession) James K. Polk


wrote first detective story The Murders in the Rue Morgue (but didn’t get rich)! :47 wrote first detective story The Murders in the Rue Morgue (but didn’t get rich)! Edgar Allen Poe


(1843) Settlers were said to have this when they moved out for the opportunity to occupy Oregon. :48 (1843) Settlers were said to have this when they moved out for the opportunity to occupy Oregon. Oregon Fever!


– MAJOR CAMPAIGN ISSUE of the 1844 election: Polk campaign slogan 54’40 or Fight! :49 – MAJOR CAMPAIGN ISSUE of the 1844 election: Polk campaign slogan 54’40 or Fight! Expansion


This was annexed in 1845 by the U.S. under Tyler’s administration after Democrat James K. Polk was elected on a platform of expansion :50 This was annexed in 1845 by the U.S. under Tyler’s administration after Democrat James K. Polk was elected on a platform of expansion Texas


He hurt the Whigs (he was added to the ticket to because he didn’t like the Democrats or Andrew Jackson) b/c he didn’t actually like Whig policies (strong federal government) he was a state’s righter! Henry Clay did not like him! – He was wanted to use the federal government to build a strong country (federal over state) - Think American System! He believed in states rights; federal government was a threat to individual freedom; a strong federal government would outlaw slavery! Harrison followed Clay’s ideas, This guy DID NOT! :51 He hurt the Whigs (he was added to the ticket to because he didn’t like the Democrats or Andrew Jackson) b/c he didn’t actually like Whig policies (strong federal government) he was a state’s righter! Henry Clay did not like him! – He was wanted to use the federal government to build a strong country (federal over state) - Think American System! He believed in states rights; federal government was a threat to individual freedom; a strong federal government would outlaw slavery! Harrison followed Clay’s ideas, This guy DID NOT! John Tyler


Hard Cider and Log Cabin campaign (80% voter turnout) - Whigs v. Democrats. First campaign to use modern advertising, buttons, brushes, tobacco tins, etc. (slogan - Tippecanoe and Tyler Too…) William Henry Harrison mocked by a newspaper that he would be content with a barrel of hard cider and a log cabin: NOT TRUE! – He was very wealthy (lived in 22 room mansion)! BUT the Whigs used it the comment to make him look like the common man! :52 Hard Cider and Log Cabin campaign (80% voter turnout) - Whigs v. Democrats. First campaign to use modern advertising, buttons, brushes, tobacco tins, etc. (slogan - Tippecanoe and Tyler Too…) William Henry Harrison mocked by a newspaper that he would be content with a barrel of hard cider and a log cabin: NOT TRUE! – He was very wealthy (lived in 22 room mansion)! BUT the Whigs used it the comment to make him look like the common man! Election of 1840


They gained respect and “earned” more equality that their counterparts in the east b/c they had braved the challenges of the frontier. :53 They gained respect and “earned” more equality that their counterparts in the east b/c they had braved the challenges of the frontier. Frontier women


“divorce bill” set up by Martin Van Buren (as a result of the Panic of 1837) to protect federal money from bad loans! :54 “divorce bill” set up by Martin Van Buren (as a result of the Panic of 1837) to protect federal money from bad loans! Independent Treasury Act 1840


This was Martin Van Buren’s greatest challenge as president (it cost him in the next election) :55 This was Martin Van Buren’s greatest challenge as president (it cost him in the next election) Panic of 1837


He helped capture California from Mexico during the Mexican-American War. :56 He helped capture California from Mexico during the Mexican-American War. John C. Fremont


Issued at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848, it stated that “all men and women are created equal” and listed the grievances that women had against men especially the laws and customs that discriminated against them. :57 Issued at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848, it stated that “all men and women are created equal” and listed the grievances that women had against men especially the laws and customs that discriminated against them. “Declaration of Sentiments”


2,000 mile trail from Independence, Missouri through Indian Territory to Oregon :58 2,000 mile trail from Independence, Missouri through Indian Territory to Oregon Oregon Trail


William Henry Harrison defeated Tecumseh’s confederacy (when he was in the South recruiting) led by the Prophet (even thought he was told not to engage the army)William Henry Harrison became war hero! (Old Tippecanoe) :59 William Henry Harrison defeated Tecumseh’s confederacy (when he was in the South recruiting) led by the Prophet (even thought he was told not to engage the army)William Henry Harrison became war hero! (Old Tippecanoe) Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811


Political party formed in 1834 under Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John C. CalhounThought they were conservative…but really weren’tnamed after anti-British party during the Revolutionary War era (to go against King Jackson)WHO: claimed to be defenders of the common manSupporters of Clay’s American SystemSouthern states’ righter's (offended by Jackson’s response to nullification)Northern industrialists and merchantsEvangelical protestants (associated with the Anti-Masonic party) :60 Political party formed in 1834 under Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John C. CalhounThought they were conservative…but really weren’tnamed after anti-British party during the Revolutionary War era (to go against King Jackson)WHO: claimed to be defenders of the common manSupporters of Clay’s American SystemSouthern states’ righter's (offended by Jackson’s response to nullification)Northern industrialists and merchantsEvangelical protestants (associated with the Anti-Masonic party) Whigs


He was an arch-enemy of Andrew Jackson. He was the father of the American System and a great compromiser? :61 He was an arch-enemy of Andrew Jackson. He was the father of the American System and a great compromiser? Henry Clay


What was a major reason for Martin Van Buren’s loss in the election of 1840 (the Log Cabin and Hard Cider campaign)? :62 What was a major reason for Martin Van Buren’s loss in the election of 1840 (the Log Cabin and Hard Cider campaign)? Panic of 1837


Under Andrew Jackson’s Specie Circular, all land purchases had to be paid for with? :63 Under Andrew Jackson’s Specie Circular, all land purchases had to be paid for with? Gold or silver


Campaign symbols used by the Whigs for William Henry Harrison in the election of 1840 :64 Campaign symbols used by the Whigs for William Henry Harrison in the election of 1840 Log Cabin and Hard Cider


Abraham Lincoln (thought war was a plan to expand slavery into the southwest) demanded to know where exactly on American soil soldiers where killed at the start of the Mexican-American War. :65 Abraham Lincoln (thought war was a plan to expand slavery into the southwest) demanded to know where exactly on American soil soldiers where killed at the start of the Mexican-American War. Spot Resolutions


Mexico insisted this river was the southern border of U.S. in 1846. :66 Mexico insisted this river was the southern border of U.S. in 1846. Nueces River


(1846) It settled the argument over Oregon Country w/Britain establishing the 49th parallel as the northern border of the U.S. from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. :67 (1846) It settled the argument over Oregon Country w/Britain establishing the 49th parallel as the northern border of the U.S. from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. Oregon Treaty


– 11th President (1 Term) PARTY – Democrat (1845-1849). The first “dark horse” candidate in U.S. presidential election history! First president to have inauguration reported by telegraph! First president to govern a U.S. that extended from ocean to ocean (think Oregon Treaty)! :68 – 11th President (1 Term) PARTY – Democrat (1845-1849). The first “dark horse” candidate in U.S. presidential election history! First president to have inauguration reported by telegraph! First president to govern a U.S. that extended from ocean to ocean (think Oregon Treaty)! James K. Polk or “Young Hickory”


(1830-1860) German and Irish (Northern and Western Europeans) - We start to become a “melting pot”! - 3 million total :69 (1830-1860) German and Irish (Northern and Western Europeans) - We start to become a “melting pot”! - 3 million total 1st major wave of European immigration


1848 - WHERE: New York; WHAT: leading feminists met to discuss their call for equal rights and the tactics to be used to attain these rights. The “Declaration of Sentiments” - stated that “all men and women are created equal”; listed the grievances that women had against men especially the laws and customs that discriminated against them. RESULTS: put women’s rights in the news. PROBLEM: The women’s rights movement was overshadowed by the slavery crisis. :70 1848 - WHERE: New York; WHAT: leading feminists met to discuss their call for equal rights and the tactics to be used to attain these rights. The “Declaration of Sentiments” - stated that “all men and women are created equal”; listed the grievances that women had against men especially the laws and customs that discriminated against them. RESULTS: put women’s rights in the news. PROBLEM: The women’s rights movement was overshadowed by the slavery crisis. Seneca Falls Convention


Election in which John Tyler had been thrown out of the Whig setting up Henry Clay (Whig) v. James K. Polk (Democrat - Young Hickory, the Dark Horse) :71 Election in which John Tyler had been thrown out of the Whig setting up Henry Clay (Whig) v. James K. Polk (Democrat - Young Hickory, the Dark Horse) Election of 1844


(1842) Established Maine's northern border and the boundaries of the Great Lake states and solved crisis over Aroostook War. :72 (1842) Established Maine's northern border and the boundaries of the Great Lake states and solved crisis over Aroostook War. Webster-Ashburton Treaty


10th President (1 Term – served the remainder of Harrison’s term) - PARTY – Whig. He was called “His Accidency” and was the first president to have a veto over-ridden and the first president that was ever attempted to be impeached (abuse of his veto power) :73 10th President (1 Term – served the remainder of Harrison’s term) - PARTY – Whig. He was called “His Accidency” and was the first president to have a veto over-ridden and the first president that was ever attempted to be impeached (abuse of his veto power) John Tyler


He became a hero at both the Battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794 and the Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811 (as Governor of Indiana territory, he fought and defeated Tecumseh’s brother, becoming a hero and leading Tecumseh to side with the British during the War of 1812)! :74 He became a hero at both the Battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794 and the Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811 (as Governor of Indiana territory, he fought and defeated Tecumseh’s brother, becoming a hero and leading Tecumseh to side with the British during the War of 1812)! William Henry Harrison


A spiritual movement that arose in the 1830s as a challenge to rationalism. Promoted individualism, self-reliance, and freedom from social constraints, and emphasized emotions. They aimed to achieve an inner, emotional understanding of God rather than a rational, institutionalized one. Examples - Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller. :75 A spiritual movement that arose in the 1830s as a challenge to rationalism. Promoted individualism, self-reliance, and freedom from social constraints, and emphasized emotions. They aimed to achieve an inner, emotional understanding of God rather than a rational, institutionalized one. Examples - Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller. Transcendentalism


Caused by the loose lending of “pet banks” and the Specie Circular (gov. land can only be purchased w/gold or silver). Banks didn’t have enough gold and silver to exchange with people’s paper money causing banks to close! :76 Caused by the loose lending of “pet banks” and the Specie Circular (gov. land can only be purchased w/gold or silver). Banks didn’t have enough gold and silver to exchange with people’s paper money causing banks to close! Panic of 1837


Hand-picked successor to Andrew Jackson – 8th President (1 Term) PARTY – Democrat; known as the “Little Magician” :77 Hand-picked successor to Andrew Jackson – 8th President (1 Term) PARTY – Democrat; known as the “Little Magician” Martin Van Buren