US History - Rise of Industry Review Game FINAL UPLOAD 2011-2012

Rise of Industry: 

Rise of Industry Review Game U.S. History

He is credited with being the first to drill for oil in the United States. drilled first oil well in Pennsylvania, 1859 : 

2 He is credited with being the first to drill for oil in the United States. drilled first oil well in Pennsylvania, 1859 Edwin Drake

INVENTED Phonograph, Light bulb, Video Camera, General Electric (GE) over 1,000 patents to his name!: 

3 INVENTED Phonograph, Light bulb, Video Camera, General Electric (GE) over 1,000 patents to his name! Thomas Edison

Another name for oil?? : 

4 Another name for oil?? BLACK GOLD!

Shift from making goods by hand to making them with machines Shift from human and animal power to steam and electricity RESULT: More goods could be produced faster! : 

5 Shift from making goods by hand to making them with machines Shift from human and animal power to steam and electricity RESULT: More goods could be produced faster! Industrial Revolution

How did high tariffs help American businesses? : 

6 How did high tariffs help American businesses? They protected them (made foreign goods higher priced)!

He developed the…telephone LED TO: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T): 

7 He developed the…telephone LED TO: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T) Alexander Graham Bell

HE DEVELOPED THE… Airbrake (railroads), AC (alternating current), AND early attempts at hydroelectric power : 

8 HE DEVELOPED THE… Airbrake (railroads), AC (alternating current), AND early attempts at hydroelectric power George Westinghouse

WHAT: Trans-Atlantic telegraph cable, 1858 & 1866 RESULT: Connected U.S. and Europe! : 

9 WHAT: Trans-Atlantic telegraph cable, 1858 & 1866 RESULT: Connected U.S. and Europe! Cyrus Field

total value of all goods and services produced by a country: 

10 total value of all goods and services produced by a country GNP

taxes on foreign goods used for protection of a countries industries PROBLEM - countries often retaliated : 

11 taxes on foreign goods used for protection of a countries industries PROBLEM - countries often retaliated tariffs

What were the sources of cheap labor in the late 1800s?: 

12 What were the sources of cheap labor in the late 1800s? Immigrants, farmers, natural population growth

List at least 3 factors that led to the growth of industry! : 

13 List at least 3 factors that led to the growth of industry! natural resources new inventions new types of energy improved communications and transportation new business organizations cheap labor

List at least one change that occurred after the Civil War in the WEST (last chapter!): 

14 List at least one change that occurred after the Civil War in the WEST (last chapter!) Technology increased, mining, ranching, farming, people moved west, Native American’s forced on reservations

WHAT: - “leave it alone” an economic idea! No government interference in business HANDS OFF! - (other than protection) Leave business alone so people can make profits! supply and demand will regulate wages and prices NOT GOVERNMENT!: 

15 WHAT: - “leave it alone” an economic idea! No government interference in business HANDS OFF! - (other than protection) Leave business alone so people can make profits! supply and demand will regulate wages and prices NOT GOVERNMENT! “laissez-faire” / FREE ENTERPRISE

Impact of new technologies (give 2)??: 

16 Impact of new technologies (give 2)?? IMPACT: improved productivity improved communication new industries and products

FAMOUS FOR: Railroad consolidation (New York Central) offered railway service at low rates used steel rail - safer and economical used standard gauge of track (width): 

17 FAMOUS FOR: Railroad consolidation (New York Central) offered railway service at low rates used steel rail - safer and economical used standard gauge of track (width) Cornelius Vanderbilt

Created to make rail service safer and more reliable : 

18 Created to make rail service safer and more reliable Time zones

Company that laid track for the Transcontinental Railroad, it started in Sacramento , CA and headed eastward? Leland Stanford – ex-governor of California helped organize it Used Chinese laborers – 6,000 (many died): 

19 Company that laid track for the Transcontinental Railroad, it started in Sacramento , CA and headed eastward? Leland Stanford – ex-governor of California helped organize it Used Chinese laborers – 6,000 (many died) Central Pacific Railroad

Head of the Union Pacific (Nebraska to California) corporation? : 

20 Head of the Union Pacific (Nebraska to California) corporation? Grenville Dodge

Scandalous company created by Union Pacific railroad insiders, it distributed shares of its stock to congressmen to avoid detection? : 

21 Scandalous company created by Union Pacific railroad insiders, it distributed shares of its stock to congressmen to avoid detection? Credit Mobilier

The Central Pacific Railroad paid 10,000 workers from _________ about $1.00 a day because of a shortage of labor in California (over 6,000 died working on the railroads)?: 

22 The Central Pacific Railroad paid 10,000 workers from _________ about $1.00 a day because of a shortage of labor in California (over 6,000 died working on the railroads)? China

Former governor of California, he was one of the chief financial backers of the California end of the Central Pacific railroad. He drove a ceremonial spike through the "wedding of the rails" near Promontory Point on May 10, 1869. : 

23 Former governor of California, he was one of the chief financial backers of the California end of the Central Pacific railroad. He drove a ceremonial spike through the "wedding of the rails" near Promontory Point on May 10, 1869. Leland Stanford

List at least 2 effects of the Transcontinental Railroad?: 

24 List at least 2 effects of the Transcontinental Railroad? EFFECT: Tied west coast to the Union and Asian trade Railroads allowed for towns to boom Major growth in the west Reduced shipping costs

Started in 1862…finished in 1869 it combined 2 lines and dramatically changed the U.S. (from 5 months to about 8 days! – NY to California) : 

25 Started in 1862…finished in 1869 it combined 2 lines and dramatically changed the U.S. (from 5 months to about 8 days! – NY to California) Transcontinental Railroad

Company that laid track for the Transcontinental Railroad, it started in Omaha, Nebraska and moved westward? Irish “Paddies” helped lay track: 

26 Company that laid track for the Transcontinental Railroad, it started in Omaha, Nebraska and moved westward? Irish “Paddies” helped lay track Union Pacific Railroad

This invention helped railroads become much safer?: 

27 This invention helped railroads become much safer? Airbrake

1862 legislation to encourage the construction of a transcontinental railroad. Connecting the West to industries in the Northeast (Union Pacific and Central Pacific) : 

28 1862 legislation to encourage the construction of a transcontinental railroad. Connecting the West to industries in the Northeast (Union Pacific and Central Pacific) Pacific Railway Act

Type of Consolidation/integration? one company allies itself with other companies in the same industry to control that industry: 

29 Type of Consolidation/integration? one company allies itself with other companies in the same industry to control that industry Horizontal consolidation/integration

When one company controls an entire industry?: 

30 When one company controls an entire industry? MONOPOLY

business organization meant to control act like a monopoly One company controls the stock of a majority of other companies in the same industry That one company then makes all decisions for that industry: 

31 business organization meant to control act like a monopoly One company controls the stock of a majority of other companies in the same industry That one company then makes all decisions for that industry TRUSTS

Name some use for the following?... Built their fortunes by stealing from the public Drained natural resources, Abused and mistreated workers Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, Carnegie, etc : 

32 Name some use for the following?... Built their fortunes by stealing from the public Drained natural resources, Abused and mistreated workers Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, Carnegie, etc ROBBER BARONS

combined all phases of manufacturing a product from start to finish mine the ore, ship the ore in his ships, deliver the ore on his railroads, turn the iron ore into steel EXAMPLE – Carnegie Steel : 

33 combined all phases of manufacturing a product from start to finish mine the ore, ship the ore in his ships, deliver the ore on his railroads, turn the iron ore into steel EXAMPLE – Carnegie Steel Vertical consolidation/integration

WHAT: organization of workers seeking to improve their wages, working conditions, and benefits? : 

34 WHAT: organization of workers seeking to improve their wages, working conditions, and benefits? Unions

WHAT: Trust He formed an oil trust when smaller oil companies turned over their stock to the board of directors of Standard Oil Business Model: Horizontal consolidation one company allies itself with other companies in the same industry to control that industry LATER LIFE: Became a philanthropist : 

35 WHAT: Trust He formed an oil trust when smaller oil companies turned over their stock to the board of directors of Standard Oil Business Model: Horizontal consolidation one company allies itself with other companies in the same industry to control that industry LATER LIFE: Became a philanthropist John D. Rockefeller

WHAT: Chemical monopoly that controlled…Explosives, Gun powder, Dynamite: 

36 WHAT: Chemical monopoly that controlled…Explosives, Gun powder, Dynamite DUPONT CHEMICALS

Poor boy from Scotland, made a $1.20 a week Largest steel maker, produced ¼ of nations steel, Company brought in $40 million a year, he got 25 million! Business model: - Vertical consolidation LATER LIFE: became a philanthropist and gave millions of dollars away Sold his company to J.P. Morgan in 1900 for $400 million Gospel of Wealth Libraries (over 2,500) : 

37 Poor boy from Scotland, made a $1.20 a week Largest steel maker, produced ¼ of nations steel, Company brought in $40 million a year, he got 25 million! Business model: - Vertical consolidation LATER LIFE: became a philanthropist and gave millions of dollars away Sold his company to J.P. Morgan in 1900 for $400 million Gospel of Wealth Libraries (over 2,500) Andrew Carnegie

Name the big business… George Pullman?: 

38 Name the big business… George Pullman? Pullman sleeping car for railroads

List at least 2 tactics used against unions? : 

39 List at least 2 tactics used against unions? Scabs Lockouts Blacklists Yellow dog contracts Pinkertons Court injunctions

(1886) Labor violence in Chicago over McCormick Harvester plant, a bomb killed 7 police officers RESULT: Knights of Labor blamed and lost membership: 

40 (1886) Labor violence in Chicago over McCormick Harvester plant, a bomb killed 7 police officers RESULT: Knights of Labor blamed and lost membership  Haymarket Square Incident

1877… It was caused by a wage cut and it shut down 2/3 of railroads, Rutherford B. Hayes sent in federal troops to end the strike resulting in over 100 dead?: 

41 1877… It was caused by a wage cut and it shut down 2/3 of railroads, Rutherford B. Hayes sent in federal troops to end the strike resulting in over 100 dead? Great Railroad Strike (1877)

Name the big business… Milton Hershey?: 

42 Name the big business… Milton Hershey? Chocolate

What were working conditions like for workers in the late 1800s? Provide 2 examples…: 

43 What were working conditions like for workers in the late 1800s? Provide 2 examples… PROBLEMS: Terrible conditions long hours, low pay, dangerous working conditions, few safety mechanisms, no health care or benefit

Led by Samuel Gompers skilled workers only wanted higher wages and improved working conditions used strikes, collective bargaining, and closed shops (Businesses who could only employ unionized labor) : 

44 Led by Samuel Gompers skilled workers only wanted higher wages and improved working conditions used strikes, collective bargaining, and closed shops (Businesses who could only employ unionized labor) American Federation of Labor (1886)

Carnegie Steel plant near Pittsburgh Henry Frick (manager) cut wages by 20 percent in 1892. Frick used lockout, Pinkertons, and scabs to break the strike, major setback for union movement?: 

45 Carnegie Steel plant near Pittsburgh Henry Frick (manager) cut wages by 20 percent in 1892. Frick used lockout, Pinkertons, and scabs to break the strike, major setback for union movement? Homestead Strike (1892)

Name some use for the following?... Helped make the country better Built businesses, Provided jobs, Founded museums and universities Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, Carnegie, etc : 

46 Name some use for the following?... Helped make the country better Built businesses, Provided jobs, Founded museums and universities Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, Carnegie, etc CAPTAINS OF INDUSTRY

1894 wage cuts and firing of workers who attempted to bargain workers went on strike, and railroad owners linked ____________ Palace cars to mail trains It was ended by a federal court injunction!: 

47 1894 wage cuts and firing of workers who attempted to bargain workers went on strike, and railroad owners linked ____________ Palace cars to mail trains It was ended by a federal court injunction! Pullman Strike (1894)

Name the big business… Gustavus F. Swift and Philip Armour? : 

48 Name the big business… Gustavus F. Swift and Philip Armour? meat packing/processing

WHAT: business owned by many investors (stockholders) who buy shares of stock and risk only the amount of their investment. WHY: Businesses are expensive to start and maintain! Reduce the potential loss if a business fails!: 

49 WHAT: business owned by many investors (stockholders) who buy shares of stock and risk only the amount of their investment. WHY: Businesses are expensive to start and maintain! Reduce the potential loss if a business fails! Corporations

A new process to make steel removed impurities from iron by shooting hot air through it! lighter, stronger, cheaper steel! It mass production possible : 

50 A new process to make steel removed impurities from iron by shooting hot air through it! lighter, stronger, cheaper steel! It mass production possible Bessemer Process

WHAT: wealthy Wall Street banker purchased Andrew Carnegie’s steel company for nearly $400 million used it to form the U.S. Steel Corporation in 1901. First billion dollar corporation (1.4 billion) : 

51 WHAT: wealthy Wall Street banker purchased Andrew Carnegie’s steel company for nearly $400 million used it to form the U.S. Steel Corporation in 1901. First billion dollar corporation (1.4 billion) J. P. Morgan

Name the big business… Cyrus McCormick ?: 

52 Name the big business… Cyrus McCormick ? mechanical reapers

Led by Terence Powderly Included African Americans and women Used boycotts and arbitration (negotiating with help): 

53 Led by Terence Powderly Included African Americans and women Used boycotts and arbitration (negotiating with help) Knights of Labor (1869)