APUS Master Review Game Chp 10 - Age of Jackson 2011-2012

Age of Jackson: 

Age of Jackson 1

Jackson’s presidency is often noted as symbolic of the_____________?: 

2 Jackson’s presidency is often noted as symbolic of the_____________? Common Man

Name the two major candidates in the 1824 Presidential Election.: 

3 Name the two major candidates in the 1824 Presidential Election. John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson

The Election of 1828 provided a lot of mudslinging provide a specific example.: 

4 The Election of 1828 provided a lot of mudslinging provide a specific example. Gamblers, prostitutes, adulteresses, pimps

His presidency included: “corrupt bargain” Fewer than 1/3 of the voters had voted for him He was very Nationalistic He supported money for internal improvements (American System) He supported the proposal of a national university He wanted to build a astronomical observatory He tried to deal fairly with Native Americans Tariff of Abominations (passed under his tenure): 

5 His presidency included: “corrupt bargain” Fewer than 1/3 of the voters had voted for him He was very Nationalistic He supported money for internal improvements (American System) He supported the proposal of a national university He wanted to build a astronomical observatory He tried to deal fairly with Native Americans Tariff of Abominations (passed under his tenure) John Quincy Adams

He was seen as striking a “corrupt bargain” to become Secretary of State in 1824 election : 

6 He was seen as striking a “corrupt bargain” to become Secretary of State in 1824 election Henry Clay

He was an arch-enemy of Andrew Jackson. He was the father of the American System and a great compromiser?: 

7 He was an arch-enemy of Andrew Jackson. He was the father of the American System and a great compromiser? Henry Clay

-He developed the Cherokee alphabet.: 

8 -He developed the Cherokee alphabet. Sequoyah

During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in: Liberty of the individual States’ rights federal restraint in social and economic affairs: 

9 During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in: Liberty of the individual States’ rights federal restraint in social and economic affairs Democrats

Who was president during the Nullification Crisis?: 

10 Who was president during the Nullification Crisis? Andrew Jackson

Political party formed in 1834 under Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John C. Calhoun Thought they were conservative…but really weren’t named after anti-British party during the Revolutionary War era (to go against King Jackson) WHO: claimed to be defenders of the common man Supporters of Clay’s American System Southern states’ righter's (offended by Jackson’s response to nullification) Northern industrialists and merchants Evangelical protestants (associated with the Anti-Masonic party): 

11 Political party formed in 1834 under Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John C. Calhoun Thought they were conservative…but really weren’t named after anti-British party during the Revolutionary War era (to go against King Jackson) WHO: claimed to be defenders of the common man Supporters of Clay’s American System Southern states’ righter's (offended by Jackson’s response to nullification) Northern industrialists and merchants Evangelical protestants (associated with the Anti-Masonic party) Whigs

WHAT: A financial panic leading to failures in: Failures in: Businesses Banks unemployment CAUSED BY: Overspeculation Jackson’s economic policies: Bank War Jackson’s Specie Circular (which required that all land be purchased with hard currency) Failures of wheat crops Financial troubles in Europe: 

12 WHAT: A financial panic leading to failures in: Failures in: Businesses Banks unemployment CAUSED BY: Overspeculation Jackson’s economic policies: Bank War Jackson’s Specie Circular (which required that all land be purchased with hard currency) Failures of wheat crops Financial troubles in Europe Panic of 1837

Who was president during the Bank War?: 

13 Who was president during the Bank War? Andrew Jackson

WHAT: High tariff bill in 1828 that helped New England manufacturers but hurt the South SOUTH MAD BECAUSE: The West was booming as land values were up Northern and Middle State industry was industry was protected by the tariff South relied heavily on manufactured goods and they paid more on those goods because of the tariff LED TO NULLIFICATION CRISIS : 

14 WHAT: High tariff bill in 1828 that helped New England manufacturers but hurt the South SOUTH MAD BECAUSE: The West was booming as land values were up Northern and Middle State industry was industry was protected by the tariff South relied heavily on manufactured goods and they paid more on those goods because of the tariff LED TO NULLIFICATION CRISIS Tariff of Abominations

engaging in financial transactions that are risky but also potentially profitable: 

15 engaging in financial transactions that are risky but also potentially profitable speculation

Problem over the Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations) South Carolina met at a convention and nullified the tax in 1832! RESULT: Jackson threatened to use the military to enforce the law solved by the Compromise Tariff of 1833 : 

16 Problem over the Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations) South Carolina met at a convention and nullified the tax in 1832! RESULT: Jackson threatened to use the military to enforce the law solved by the Compromise Tariff of 1833 Nullification Crisis

Born in Carolina’s (on state line) Orphaned (Revolutionary War) Violent temper duels and fights Moved to Tennessee, became a lawyer First President from the West No college education Misspelled the same word in two different letters BUT, HE WAS NOT LIKE EVERYONE IN THAT… He was a frontier aristocrat He owned lots of land He lived in the Hermitage (our very own) He owned many slaves : 

17 Born in Carolina’s (on state line) Orphaned (Revolutionary War) Violent temper duels and fights Moved to Tennessee, became a lawyer First President from the West No college education Misspelled the same word in two different letters BUT, HE WAS NOT LIKE EVERYONE IN THAT… He was a frontier aristocrat He owned lots of land He lived in the Hermitage (our very own) He owned many slaves Andrew Jackson

Who was the hero of the Nullification Crisis?: 

18 Who was the hero of the Nullification Crisis? Henry Clay (b/c of Compromise Tariff of 1833)

Gov. jobs given in return for party loyalty: 

19 Gov. jobs given in return for party loyalty Spoils system

Which party’s PLATFORM? promoted: platform of progressive social reform: education prisons, asylums temperance abolition of slavery limited westward expansion THEY”RE POLICIES INCLUDED: Clay's American System internal improvements including canals, railroads, telegraph lines protective tariffs support of industry : 

20 Which party’s PLATFORM? promoted: platform of progressive social reform: education prisons, asylums temperance abolition of slavery limited westward expansion THEY”RE POLICIES INCLUDED: Clay's American System internal improvements including canals, railroads, telegraph lines protective tariffs support of industry Whigs

Which president is commonly associated with the origins of the spoils system?: 

21 Which president is commonly associated with the origins of the spoils system? Andrew Jackson

WHAT: Conflict between Andrew Jackson and the Nicholas Biddle Henry Clay tried to make the re-charter of the Bank of the United States an election issue to make Andrew Jackson look bad. RESULT: Jackson vetoed the bill (claiming it was unconstitutional), amplifying the power of the president) He was re-elected anway! Jackson withheld all federal deposits from the Bank, making it virtually useless : 

22 WHAT: Conflict between Andrew Jackson and the Nicholas Biddle Henry Clay tried to make the re-charter of the Bank of the United States an election issue to make Andrew Jackson look bad. RESULT: Jackson vetoed the bill (claiming it was unconstitutional), amplifying the power of the president) He was re-elected anway! Jackson withheld all federal deposits from the Bank, making it virtually useless Bank War

WHO: issued by President Jackson WHEN: July 11, 1836 WHAT: required that the purchase of public lands be paid for in gold or silver WHY: The economy was expanding (artificially) because states were printing so much money “Wildcat” currency became so unstable RESULT: It stopped the land speculation and the sale of public lands went down sharply. Contributed to the Panic of 1837. : 

23 WHO: issued by President Jackson WHEN: July 11, 1836 WHAT: required that the purchase of public lands be paid for in gold or silver WHY: The economy was expanding (artificially) because states were printing so much money “Wildcat” currency became so unstable RESULT: It stopped the land speculation and the sale of public lands went down sharply. Contributed to the Panic of 1837. The Specie Circular

This proposed a slight reduction on the “Tariff of Abominations” It was passed to encourage South Carolina to end the Nullification Crisis RESULT: South Carolinians saw the concessions as minimal at best and nullified it out of principle. : 

24 This proposed a slight reduction on the “Tariff of Abominations” It was passed to encourage South Carolina to end the Nullification Crisis RESULT: South Carolinians saw the concessions as minimal at best and nullified it out of principle. Tariff of 1832

state banks into which Jackson deposited the federal funds he withdrew from the Second National Bank in 1833 : 

25 state banks into which Jackson deposited the federal funds he withdrew from the Second National Bank in 1833 “Pet Banks”

written anonymously by Vice President John C. Calhoun WHAT: called on the southern states to declare the 1828 Tariff of Abominations null and void (nullify) encouraged South Carolina legislators to nullify the tariff pitted the state against President Andrew Jackson in the most serious internal conflict the nation had yet faced: 

26 written anonymously by Vice President John C. Calhoun WHAT: called on the southern states to declare the 1828 Tariff of Abominations null and void (nullify) encouraged South Carolina legislators to nullify the tariff pitted the state against President Andrew Jackson in the most serious internal conflict the nation had yet faced “South Carolina Exposition and Protest”

WHAT: Fly-by-night banking operations that plagued the West and South during the 1800s. PROBLEMS: highly unstable because: they were impermanent printed their own unregulated paper money and had almost no solid credit. RESULT: They flooded the states with paper money which caused inflation to rise! Financial panics, as in 1819 and 1837, caused many of these banks to go bankrupt. : 

27 WHAT: Fly-by-night banking operations that plagued the West and South during the 1800s. PROBLEMS: highly unstable because: they were impermanent printed their own unregulated paper money and had almost no solid credit. RESULT: They flooded the states with paper money which caused inflation to rise! Financial panics, as in 1819 and 1837, caused many of these banks to go bankrupt. Wildcat Banks

President of the Bank of the United States during the 1820s and 1830s: a private institution minted gold and silver foreclosed many western farms profit not public service WHAT: He exerted significant influence over the American economy through his position Andrew Jackson despised him. : 

28 President of the Bank of the United States during the 1820s and 1830s: a private institution minted gold and silver foreclosed many western farms profit not public service WHAT: He exerted significant influence over the American economy through his position Andrew Jackson despised him. Nicholas Biddle

It that authorized the federal government to use the military to collect tariff duties demonstrated Andrew Jackson’s resolve to end the 1832–1833 Nullification Crisis in South Carolina : 

29 It that authorized the federal government to use the military to collect tariff duties demonstrated Andrew Jackson’s resolve to end the 1832–1833 Nullification Crisis in South Carolina The Force Bill (1833)

It ended the Nullification Crisis dispute between Andrew Jackson and South Carolina repealed the Tariff of Abominations and reduced duties on foreign goods gradually over a decade to the levels set by the Tariff of 1816.: 

30 It ended the Nullification Crisis dispute between Andrew Jackson and South Carolina repealed the Tariff of Abominations and reduced duties on foreign goods gradually over a decade to the levels set by the Tariff of 1816. Compromise Tariff of 1833

Under Andrew Jackson’s Specie Circular, all land purchases had to be paid for with?: 

31 Under Andrew Jackson’s Specie Circular, all land purchases had to be paid for with? Gold or silver

Andrew Jackson ultimately got rid of the Bank of the United States by pulling out the federal governments money and depositing it in _____________? : 

32 Andrew Jackson ultimately got rid of the Bank of the United States by pulling out the federal governments money and depositing it in _____________? “pet banks”

The 5 “civilized” tribes were ________________, Choctaws, Creeks, Chickasaws, and Seminoles: 

33 The 5 “civilized” tribes were ________________, Choctaws, Creeks, Chickasaws, and Seminoles Cherokees

PROBLEM: Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles (5 civilized tribes) attempted to assimilate Georgia declared that the Cherokee tribal council was illegal RULING: Supreme Court ruled that Indians weren't independent. They were dependent domestic nations which could be regulated by the federal government. SIGNIFICANCE: From then until 1871, treaties were formalities with the terms dictated by the federal government. : 

34 PROBLEM: Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles (5 civilized tribes) attempted to assimilate Georgia declared that the Cherokee tribal council was illegal RULING: Supreme Court ruled that Indians weren't independent. They were dependent domestic nations which could be regulated by the federal government. SIGNIFICANCE: From then until 1871, treaties were formalities with the terms dictated by the federal government. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia : 1831

PROBLEM: Missionaries argued that a Georgia law making any white person staying in Indian territory swear an oath of loyalty was unconstitutional. RULING: The Supreme Court decided Georgia had no jurisdiction over Cherokee reservations. SIGNIFICANCE: Georgia refused to enforce decision President Jackson didn't support the Court. Executive power grows : 

35 PROBLEM: Missionaries argued that a Georgia law making any white person staying in Indian territory swear an oath of loyalty was unconstitutional. RULING: The Supreme Court decided Georgia had no jurisdiction over Cherokee reservations. SIGNIFICANCE: Georgia refused to enforce decision President Jackson didn't support the Court. Executive power grows Worcester v. Georgia : 1832

WHEN: 1830 WHAT: supported by Andrew Jackson authorized the U.S. Army to evict by force all Native Americans east of the Mississippi River and resettle them in “permanent” reservations in present-day Oklahoma and Nebraska. : 

36 WHEN: 1830 WHAT: supported by Andrew Jackson authorized the U.S. Army to evict by force all Native Americans east of the Mississippi River and resettle them in “permanent” reservations in present-day Oklahoma and Nebraska. Indian Removal Act

Established to administer relations with Native Americans: 

37 Established to administer relations with Native Americans Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1824

WHEN: 1830’s WHAT: route by which thousands of Native Americans, primarily Cherokee, were forcibly removed countless Native Americans, forced to walk hundreds miles under horrible conditions, many (over 4,000) died along the way. WHERE: from their southeastern homelands and relocated to new reservations west of the Mississippi: 

38 WHEN: 1830’s WHAT: route by which thousands of Native Americans, primarily Cherokee, were forcibly removed countless Native Americans, forced to walk hundreds miles under horrible conditions, many (over 4,000) died along the way. WHERE: from their southeastern homelands and relocated to new reservations west of the Mississippi Trail of Tears

PowerPoint Presentation: 

39

2 major examples of resistance to Indian Removal: 

40 2 major examples of resistance to Indian Removal Seminole War and Black Hawk War

200 Texans were trapped and wiped out in San Antonio, it was used as propaganda to get support for the Texans in their fight against Mexico: 

41 200 Texans were trapped and wiped out in San Antonio, it was used as propaganda to get support for the Texans in their fight against Mexico The Alamo

Invaders numbered 1300 men, Texans 900. Houston Taking advantage of Mexican siesta hour wiped out invading force, captured Santa Anna. RESULTS: Santa Anna agreed to withdraw Mexican troops and to recognize Rio Grande as extreme southwestern boundary of Texas.: 

42 Invaders numbered 1300 men, Texans 900. Houston Taking advantage of Mexican siesta hour wiped out invading force, captured Santa Anna. RESULTS: Santa Anna agreed to withdraw Mexican troops and to recognize Rio Grande as extreme southwestern boundary of Texas. Battle of SAN JACINTO (April, 1836)

When Texas petitioned for annexation in 1837, why did the U.S. not annex them? What issue were they worried about? : 

43 When Texas petitioned for annexation in 1837, why did the U.S. not annex them? What issue were they worried about? Slavery, balance of power

Election of 1840 between Democrat Martin Van Buren and Whig William “Tippecanoe” Henry Harrison is often symbolized by the propaganda used by the Whigs What was the propaganda? : 

44 Election of 1840 between Democrat Martin Van Buren and Whig William “Tippecanoe” Henry Harrison is often symbolized by the propaganda used by the Whigs What was the propaganda? “Log Cabin and Hard Cider” Campaign

What was a major reason for Martin Van Buren’s loss in the election of 1840 (the Log Cabin and Hard Cider campaign)?: 

45 What was a major reason for Martin Van Buren’s loss in the election of 1840 (the Log Cabin and Hard Cider campaign)? Panic of 1837

The SIGNIFICANCE of the election of 1840 was that America had shifted from aristocracy to a ___________. A strong _____ party system continued to grow and the _______ Party became a true national party : 

46 The SIGNIFICANCE of the election of 1840 was that America had shifted from aristocracy to a ___________. A strong _____ party system continued to grow and the _______ Party became a true national party Democracy, two, Whig

During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in: Liberty of individual important as well American System (renewed national bank, protective tariffs, internal improvements) public schools social reforms: temperance, and eventually abolition of slavery: 

47 During the 1820’s, 30’s, and 40’s, the Democrats and Whigs helped develop a strong TWO PARTY system. Which party believed in: Liberty of individual important as well American System (renewed national bank, protective tariffs, internal improvements) public schools social reforms: temperance, and eventually abolition of slavery Whigs

Leader of Mexico that dealt with the rebellious Texans?: 

48 Leader of Mexico that dealt with the rebellious Texans? General Santa Anna

Campaign symbols used by the Whigs for William Henry Harrison in the election of 1840: 

49 Campaign symbols used by the Whigs for William Henry Harrison in the election of 1840 Log Cabin and Hard Cider

Mexico outlawed this in 1830, and American settlers refused to follow it.: 

50 Mexico outlawed this in 1830, and American settlers refused to follow it. slavery

Proposed by Martin Van Buren to keep federal money in federal vaults not made available to private banks (partially because of the Panic of 1837) : 

51 Proposed by Martin Van Buren to keep federal money in federal vaults not made available to private banks (partially because of the Panic of 1837) “Divorce Bill”, Independent Treasury Bill 1840

What was the Whigs’ campaign strategy in 1836? Did it work?: 

52 What was the Whigs’ campaign strategy in 1836? Did it work? Decided to ENTER SEVERAL CANDIDATES in hopes that Martin Van Buren wouldn’t receive a majority of the electoral votes, and the election would be thrown into the House of Representatives.