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DENGUE FEVER: 

DENGUE FEVER 2011;Dengue fever outbreak claims many lives in Pakistan

Dengue fever crisis in Pakistan deepens as deaths toll swells: 

Dengue fever crisis in Pakistan deepens as deaths toll swells Sept. 22. 2011 – Death toll ;;;; 62 The fever, which has also been reported in other parts of the country, has infected nearly 8,000 in the last two months ,

2011: 

2011 100,000 people have rushed to government and private hospitals in Lahore for medical test as every citizen is now wanting to get doctors' advice . Residents say that 50 percent people now avoid visiting parks and picnic spots in Lahore

Dengue fever: 

Dengue fever ( breakbone fever) an infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus.

Dengue fever : 

Dengue fever the mosquito Aedes aegypti feeding off a human host

DENGUE VIRUS: 

DENGUE VIRUS Dengue fever virus (DENV) is an RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae ; genus Flavivirus . four strains of the virus, DENV-1 , DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4

PowerPoint Presentation: 

A female mosquito that takes a blood meal from a person infected with dengue fever Humans are the primary host of the virus, An infection can be acquired via a single bite .

SYMPTOMS: 

SYMPTOMS Fever, Headache, Muscle and joint pains, skin rash.

FEVER, : 

FEVER,

SYMPTOMS: 

SYMPTOMS LIFE-THREATENING ; dengue hemorrhagic fever, bleeding low levels of blood platelets Blood plasma leakage, DENGUE SHOCK SYNDROME, Dangerously low blood pressure

PowerPoint Presentation: 

A decision for hospital admission is typically based on the presence of the "warning signs".

HOSPITAL ADMISSION: 

HOSPITAL ADMISSION

Warning signs : 

Warning signs Abdominal pain Ongoing vomiting Liver enlargement

Warning signs: 

Warning signs 4. Mucosal bleeding 5. High hematocrit 6. low platelets 7. Lethargy

LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS: 

LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS The earliest change; LOW WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT, LOW PLATELETS, METABOLIC ACIDOSIS,

SEVERE DISEASE, : 

SEVERE DISEASE, PLASMA LEAKAGE RESULTS IN HEMOCONCENTRATION ( A RISING HEMATOCRIT) HYPOALBUMINEMIA. PLEURAL EFFUSIONS OR ASCITES .

LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS: 

LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS The complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests. The complete blood count is the calculation of the cellular (formed elements) of blood .

Platelets : 

Platelets 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter (mcL) If the number of platelets is too low, excessive bleeding can occur. if the number of platelets is too high , blood clots

Tests for dengue: 

Tests for dengue Tests for dengue virus-specific antibodies, TYPES IGG AND IGM , can be useful in confirming a diagnosis in the later stages of the infection. Both IgG and IgM are produced after 5–7 days

Treatment: 

Treatment no specific treatments for oral rehydration therapy Hospital admission with administration of intravenous fluids and/or blood transfusion.

Treatment: 

Treatment Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is used for fever and discomfort NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they might aggravate the risk of bleeding

intravenous fluids: 

intravenous fluids

Dengue is endemic: 

Dengue is endemic endemic in more than 110 countries. infects 50 to 100 million people a year, leading to half a million hospitalizations, approximately 12,500–25,000 deaths

ENDEMIC IN MORE THAN 110 COUNTRIES. : 

ENDEMIC IN MORE THAN 110 COUNTRIES.

No vaccines: 

No vaccines There are no approved vaccines for the dengue virus.

Prevention of Dengue fever : 

Prevention of Dengue fever control of and protection from the bites of the mosquito that transmits it.

Prevention of Dengue fever : 

Prevention of Dengue fever The primary method of controlling A. aegypti is by eliminating its habitats This is done by emptying containers of water or by adding insecticides or biological control agents to these areas ,

EMPTYING CONTAINERS OF WATER: 

EMPTYING CONTAINERS OF WATER

EMPTYING CONTAINERS OF WATER: 

EMPTYING CONTAINERS OF WATER

Old tires is a breeding place of mosquito: 

Old tires is a breeding place of mosquito

Old tires is a breeding place of mosquito: 

Old tires is a breeding place of mosquito

Prevention of Dengue fever : 

Prevention of Dengue fever Reducing open collections of water

PREVENTION OF DENGUE FEVER : 

PREVENTION OF DENGUE FEVER clothing that fully covers the skin, Using mosquito netting, resting,

Prevention of Dengue fever The application of insect repellent : 

Prevention of Dengue fever The application of insect repellent

Chemical control: 

Chemical control Larvicides Adulticides Indoor residual spraying (IRS)

Prevention of Dengue fever : 

Prevention of Dengue fever

Prevention of Dengue fever : 

Prevention of Dengue fever

Biological control : 

Biological control . Against Aedes , a selection of larvivorous fish species and predatory copepods (small freshwater crustaceans) are effective against the immature larval stages of vector mosquitoes.

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Most people with dengue recover without any ongoing problems . The mortality 1–5% without treatment, less than 1% with adequate treatment ; severe disease ;;;;26%.

-: 

- * Wear protective clothing especially long-sleeved clothing and socks. * Use insect repellent and coils. * Employ mosquito netting around sleep and lounging areas. * Avoid going out at night and just before dawn . * Coolers, flower pots, cans, eats should be emptied or covered all the time and cleaned on regular basis.

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THANKS arb surgeon.gmail.com