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Premium member Presentation Transcript Modern Atomic Theory : Modern Atomic Theory Developing the Modern Atomic Model Duplicate of Lavoisier’s lab found in Deutsches Museum, Munchen, DE Photo by batson Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing John Dalton 1766–1844 : John Dalton 1766–1844 Law of Multiple Proportions Keep one element constant The other element is simple ratio CO CO2 Incorporates Law of Conservation of Matter Law of Definite Proportions John Dalton 1766–1844 : John Dalton 1766–1844 Proposes first Modern Atomic Theory Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms All atoms of a given element are identical The atoms of a given element are different from those of any other element John Dalton 1766–1844 : John Dalton 1766–1844 Proposes first Modern Atomic Theory Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form chemical compounds Atoms cannot be created, divided into smaller particles, nor destroyed in the chemical process; a chemical reaction simply changes the way atoms are grouped together. Pop Bead Model : Pop Bead Model Atoms are smallest piece of matter Cannot be broken into smaller pieces “J.J.” Thomson, 1856–1940 : “J.J.” Thomson, 1856–1940 Discovered electron using cathode ray tube Electrons smaller than atoms; must be part of atoms Cathode Ray Tube : Cathode Ray Tube Calculate charge to mass ratio from the bend in the electron beam Plum Pudding Model : Plum Pudding Model Atom is solid positive material Electrons are like plums in a pudding Plum Pudding Model : Plum Pudding Model Atom is solid positive material Electrons are like plums in a pudding Robert Millikan 1868–1953 : Robert Millikan 1868–1953 Oil Drop Experiment Measured the charge on electron Calculated the mass of electron Ernest Rutherford 1871–1937 : Ernest Rutherford 1871–1937 Discovered protons Opposite charge of electrons Account for positive charge Classified nuclear radiation Alpha (+) Beta (-) Gamma (0) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Studied positive alpha particles Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Shot alpha’s at gold leaf (thin gold foil) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Since protons were small, expected large alpha’s to go straight through Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Some alpha’s were deflected Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Some alpha’s were reflected Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment What could be inside the atom to bounce out the large alpha’s? Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model All of the positive must be clumped together Protons form a nucleus Atom is mostly empty space Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Edge of atom would go through NHHS. Max Planck 1858–1947 : Max Planck 1858–1947 Studied Light Energy of light is quantized Energy in packages Quanta (photons) Related to frequency of the light Niels Bohr 1885–1962 : Niels Bohr 1885–1962 Atoms produced only certain colors of light when excited If light was “quantized” then, electrons could be quantized, too Line Spectra of Light : Line Spectra of Light Niels Bohr 1885–1962 : Niels Bohr 1885–1962 Only certain color come from atom Electrons must be in certain positions These positions are orbits Louis de Broglie 1892–1987 : Louis de Broglie 1892–1987 Studied light Light could be either a wave or a particle Duality (1924) Werner Heisenberg 1901–1976 : Werner Heisenberg 1901–1976 Studied under Bohr Stated that the position and speed (momentum) of a particle could not be known precisely at the same time Uncertainty Principle Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 : Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 If we cannot know where the electron is and how fast it is going at the same time…. We cannot expect to find electrons in orbits around the nucleus Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 : Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 By duality, electrons can be treated as waves Write a wave-equation to predict the behavior of electron (1926) Symbolized by Y Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 : Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 Electron is quantized Not in an orbit Fills a space orbital James Chadwick 1891–1974 : James Chadwick 1891–1974 Discovered neutrons 1932 - delayed by study in Germany during WWI Explained extra mass in nucleus of atom You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
modern atoms batsons Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 278 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: October 16, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Modern Atomic Theory : Modern Atomic Theory Developing the Modern Atomic Model Duplicate of Lavoisier’s lab found in Deutsches Museum, Munchen, DE Photo by batson Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing Review of Atoms Developing : Review of Atoms Developing John Dalton 1766–1844 : John Dalton 1766–1844 Law of Multiple Proportions Keep one element constant The other element is simple ratio CO CO2 Incorporates Law of Conservation of Matter Law of Definite Proportions John Dalton 1766–1844 : John Dalton 1766–1844 Proposes first Modern Atomic Theory Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms All atoms of a given element are identical The atoms of a given element are different from those of any other element John Dalton 1766–1844 : John Dalton 1766–1844 Proposes first Modern Atomic Theory Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form chemical compounds Atoms cannot be created, divided into smaller particles, nor destroyed in the chemical process; a chemical reaction simply changes the way atoms are grouped together. Pop Bead Model : Pop Bead Model Atoms are smallest piece of matter Cannot be broken into smaller pieces “J.J.” Thomson, 1856–1940 : “J.J.” Thomson, 1856–1940 Discovered electron using cathode ray tube Electrons smaller than atoms; must be part of atoms Cathode Ray Tube : Cathode Ray Tube Calculate charge to mass ratio from the bend in the electron beam Plum Pudding Model : Plum Pudding Model Atom is solid positive material Electrons are like plums in a pudding Plum Pudding Model : Plum Pudding Model Atom is solid positive material Electrons are like plums in a pudding Robert Millikan 1868–1953 : Robert Millikan 1868–1953 Oil Drop Experiment Measured the charge on electron Calculated the mass of electron Ernest Rutherford 1871–1937 : Ernest Rutherford 1871–1937 Discovered protons Opposite charge of electrons Account for positive charge Classified nuclear radiation Alpha (+) Beta (-) Gamma (0) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Studied positive alpha particles Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Shot alpha’s at gold leaf (thin gold foil) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Since protons were small, expected large alpha’s to go straight through Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Some alpha’s were deflected Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment Some alpha’s were reflected Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment What could be inside the atom to bounce out the large alpha’s? Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model All of the positive must be clumped together Protons form a nucleus Atom is mostly empty space Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Nuclear Model : Nuclear Model How empty is an atom? If nucleus was basketball in Point State Park… Edge of atom would go through NHHS. Max Planck 1858–1947 : Max Planck 1858–1947 Studied Light Energy of light is quantized Energy in packages Quanta (photons) Related to frequency of the light Niels Bohr 1885–1962 : Niels Bohr 1885–1962 Atoms produced only certain colors of light when excited If light was “quantized” then, electrons could be quantized, too Line Spectra of Light : Line Spectra of Light Niels Bohr 1885–1962 : Niels Bohr 1885–1962 Only certain color come from atom Electrons must be in certain positions These positions are orbits Louis de Broglie 1892–1987 : Louis de Broglie 1892–1987 Studied light Light could be either a wave or a particle Duality (1924) Werner Heisenberg 1901–1976 : Werner Heisenberg 1901–1976 Studied under Bohr Stated that the position and speed (momentum) of a particle could not be known precisely at the same time Uncertainty Principle Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 : Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 If we cannot know where the electron is and how fast it is going at the same time…. We cannot expect to find electrons in orbits around the nucleus Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 : Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 By duality, electrons can be treated as waves Write a wave-equation to predict the behavior of electron (1926) Symbolized by Y Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 : Erwin Schrödinger 1887–1961 Electron is quantized Not in an orbit Fills a space orbital James Chadwick 1891–1974 : James Chadwick 1891–1974 Discovered neutrons 1932 - delayed by study in Germany during WWI Explained extra mass in nucleus of atom