ORGANIC REACTIONS

Functional Groups : 

Functional Groups Organic Reactions

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C Cl HALOGEN SUBSTITUTON REACTION Hydrocarbon Halogen Molecule Halocarbon Hydracid

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Chloromethane CH3Cl CH4 Cl2 CH(4-1)Cl HCl + + → + + → HALOGEN SUBSTITUTON REACTION Methane Chlorine Molecule Hydrochloric Acid + + →

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C H Cl- HALOGEN SUBSTITUTON REACTION Hydrocarbon 2Halogen Molecules Halocarbon Disubstituted 2Hydracids Cl Cl

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CH(4-2)Cl Dichloro methane CH2Cl2 CH4 2Cl2 2HCl + + → + + → HALOGEN SUBSTITUTON REACTION Methane 2 Chlorine Molecule 2 Hydrochloric Acid + + →

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For every halogen substitution you need: Only 1 Hydrocarbon Molecule for all the substitutions as long as it has enough Hydrogens 1 Halogen Molecule with 2 atoms of the same halogen HALOGEN SUBSTITUTON REACTION

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For every halogen substitution you produce: Only 1 Halocarbon Molecule with all the substitutions. 1 Hydrogen atom less and 1 Halogen atom more 1 Hydracid Molecule of that Halogen HALOGEN SUBSTITUTON REACTION

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C HALOGEN ADDITION REACTION Unsaturted Hydrocarbon Halogen Molecule Disubstituted Halocarbon C

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Dichloroethane C2H4Cl2 C2H4 Cl2 + → + → Ethene Chlorine Molecule + → HALOGEN ADDITION REACTION

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For every halogen addition you need: Only 1 Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Molecule for all the additions as long as it has enough Double or Triple bonds 1 Halogen Molecule with 2 atoms of the same halogen HALOGEN ADDITION REACTION

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For every halogen addition you produce: Only 1 Halocarbon Molecule with all the additions. 2 Halogen atom more HALOGEN ADDITION REACTION

Naming Halocarbons : 

3-methyl Name the Biggest Hydrocarbon Chain Name the Alkyl Branches Name the Halogen Branches Fluorine= Fluoro Chlorine= Chloro Bromine= Bromo Iodine= Iodo Select and Number the Biggest Hydrocarbon Chain 4 Carbons Naming Halocarbons 4 Carbons 5 Carbons Pentane = 1 2 5 4 3 2-bromo 2,3-dichloro Arrange the Branches in Alphabetical Order PERFECT!