the oral cavity

The oral cavityand its associated structure : 

The oral cavityand its associated structure Dr. Lorena C. Balacanao

The External Mouth : 

The External Mouth Composes primarily of the upper and lower lip Separated to the skin by vermillion border Bounded Superiorly – Philtrum Supero-laterally- Naso-labial fold Inferiorly- Mento-labial fold

Parts of the External mouth : 

Parts of the External mouth Philtrum Vermillion border Mento-labial fold Naso-labial fold Angle of the mouth Oral fissure Upper lip Lower lip

Muscle that supports the external mouth is the Orbicularis Oris Muscle : 

Muscle that supports the external mouth is the Orbicularis Oris Muscle

Functions of mouth : 

Functions of mouth The first part of digestive system wherein mastication occur. It receives food (ingestion) and break up the food into smaller pieces (digestion). Takes part in respiration as well as in speech production Lastly it conveys emotion

The 2 divisions of the oral cavity : 

The 2 divisions of the oral cavity Oral vestibule Oral cavity proper The Internal Mouth

The Oral vestibule : 

The Oral vestibule A slit like space bounded Laterally by cheek and lips Medially by the buccal and labial surfaces of the upper and lower teeth Posteriorly by the Retromolar area

Parts : 

Parts A- attached gingiva B- Free gingiva C- Upper labial frenum D- Mucobuccal fold E- Interdental Papilla F- Cheek G- Oral vestibula I- Mucolabial fold

Oral vestibule : 

Oral vestibule Oral vestibule- Left side Oral vestibule- right side

Part : 

Part Upper buccal frenum Lower buccal frenum

The oral cavity proper : 

The oral cavity proper Bounded Laterally by palatal and lingual surfaces of the upper and lower teeth Superiorly by the palate (hard & soft) Inferiorly by the tongue and or the floor of the mouth Posteriorly by the isthmus of fauces

Part of the Oral cavity proper : 

Part of the Oral cavity proper Hard Palate Uvula Palatoglossal arch Palatine tonsil Tongue

Superior boundary : 

Superior boundary Palate- Parts Incisisve papilla Palatine Rugae Median palatine raphe Maxillary tuberosity Fovea Palatina

Slide 14: 

Bony framework of the hard palate Palatine process of the maxilla Horizontal plate of the palatine bone

Inferior boundary : 

Inferior boundary The Floor of the mouth Parts Ventral surface of the tongue Lingual Frenulum Sublingual fold Sublingual caruncle

The tongue : 

The tongue Composes of Anterior 2/3 (body)and Posterior 1/3 (root) Presence of lingual papillae that contains taste buds namely: Filiform papilla Fungiform papilla Foliate papilla Circumvallate papilla

Nerve Innervations : 

Nerve Innervations Anterior 2/3 of the tongue Posterior 1/3 of the tongue Taste sensation Chorda tympani of the VII CN or facial nerve General Sensation Lingual Nerve of the mandibular division of V CN or Trigeminal Nerve Taste and general sensation is by IX CN or glossopharyngeal Nerve and X CN or Vagus nerve via internal laryngeal Nerve

Muscles of the tongue : 

Muscles of the tongue Both is innervated by the XII CN or Hypoglossal nerve Extrinsic muscles 1. Genioglossus 2. Hyoglossus 3. Stlyoglossus 4. Palatoglossus Its action is to change the size or mass of the tongue Intrinsic muscles 1. Superior longitudinal M 2. Inferior longitudinal 3.Transversus M 4. Vertical M Its action is to change the shape or form of the tongue

Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue : 

Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue Genioglossus Muscle

Extrinsic Muscle of the tongue : 

Extrinsic Muscle of the tongue Styloglossus muscle

Intrinsic muscles of the tongue : 

Intrinsic muscles of the tongue Superior longitudinal Muscle Vertical and Transverse Muscle Inferior longitudinal Muscle

Posterior boundary : 

Posterior boundary Isthmus of fauces- parts Isthmus of fauces Uvula Palatopharyngeal arch

The Salivary Glands : 

The Salivary Glands 1. Parotid Gland- the largest of the 3 salivary gland Located anterior to the ear, extending from the cheek bone up to the lower jaw Parotid or Stensens’ duct opens at the oral vestibule opposite upper second molar 2. Submaxillary or submandibula gland- Located at the floor of the mouth posteriorly occupying the digastric triangle Whartons’ duct opens at the sublingual caruncle 3. Sublingual gland Located at the floor of the mouth anteriorly Bartolins and Ravinis are the duct of SL gland opens at the sublingual fold

Slide 24: 

The Salivary glands Sublingual gland Submaxillary gland

The Permanent Teeth : 

The Permanent Teeth

Anterior teeth : 

Anterior teeth Central Incisor Canine Lateral Incisor

Posterior teeth : 

Posterior teeth 2nd molar 1st molar 2nd premolar 1st premolar

Upper permanent teeth : 

Upper permanent teeth Central incisor Lateral incisor Canine 1st premolar 2nd premolar 1st molar 2nd molar

The Deciduous Teeth : 

The Deciduous Teeth

Anterior teeth : 

Anterior teeth Central incisor Lateral incisor canine

Posterior teeth : 

Posterior teeth 2nd molar 1st molar

Smile and everybody will smile at you : 

Smile and everybody will smile at you Remember mouth expresses different type of emotions