Slide 1:Leadership theories and styles


Slide 2:What is Leadership?


Slide 3: Leadership has been described as the “process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task”


Qualities of a Leader :Qualities of a Leader


Slide 5:HELP YOUR PEOPLE TO REALISE THAT WORK CAN BE SATISFYING PROVIDE CLEAR TARGETS ASSESS PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVELY GIVE PRAISE / RECOGNITION - where appropriate KEEP PEOPLE CONSTANTLY INFORMED RESPECT YOUR PEOPLE, THEIR FEELINGS BE WATCHFUL OF WORKING CONDITIONS INVITE SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS TRAIN FOR SKILLS IMPROVEMENTS DEAL WITH GRIEVANCES PROMPTLY


Are managers and leaders different? :Are managers and leaders different?


YES :YES


Slide 10:Types of Leadership Style


Slide 11:Dictator or Autocratic Democratic Laissez-Faire (free rein) Paternalistic


Dictator :Dictator


Slide 13:A leader who uses fear and threats to get the jobs done. Do not entertain any suggestions or initiative from subordinates. Do not trust anybody.


Democratic :Democratic


Slide 15:Encourages decision making from different perspectives. Consultative. Persuasive.


Slide 16:Laissez-Faire


Slide 17:Let it be’ – the leadership responsibilities are shared by all. Can be very useful in businesses where creative ideas are important. Relies on good team work. Relies on good interpersonal relations.


Paternalistic :Paternalistic


Slide 19:Leader acts as a ‘father figure’. Paternalistic leader makes decision but may consult. Believes in the need to support staff.


Change Leadership :Change Leadership


Slide 21:The most challenging aspect of business is leading and managing change. The business environment is subject to fast-paced economic and social change. Modern business must adapt and be flexible to survive. Problems in leading change stem mainly from human resource management. Leaders need to be aware of how change impacts on workers.


Theories of Leadership :Theories of Leadership


Slide 23:Trait theory Behavioural theory Contingency theory Functional theory Transformational theory Transactional Theory


Trait theory :Trait theory


Slide 25:Trait theory tries to describe:- Personality Dominance and personal presence Charisma Self confidence Achievement Ability to formulate a clear vision


Behavioural theory :Behavioural theory


Imply that leaders can be trained – focus on the way of doing things :Structure based behavioural theories – focus on the leader instituting structures – task orientated Relationship based behavioural theories – focus on the development and maintenance of relationships – process orientated Imply that leaders can be trained – focus on the way of doing things


Contingency theory :Contingency theory


Leadership as being more flexible – different leadership styles used at different times depending on the circumstance. :Leadership as being more flexible – different leadership styles used at different times depending on the circumstance. May depend on: Type of staff History of the business Culture of the business Quality of the relationships Nature of the changes needed Accepted norms within the organisation


Functional theory :Functional theory


Functional leadership theory is a particularly useful theory for addressing specific leader behaviors expected to contribute to organizational or unit effectiveness. :Functional leadership theory is a particularly useful theory for addressing specific leader behaviors expected to contribute to organizational or unit effectiveness. leader’s main job is to see that whatever is necessary to group needs is taken care of functional leadership theory has most often been applied to team leadership Leader need to perform certain functions which help to promote organizational effectiveness such as environmental monitoring, teaching and coaching subordinates, motivating others.


Transformational theory :Transformational theory


In transformational theory Widespread changes to a business or organisation :In transformational theory Widespread changes to a business or organisation Requires: Long term strategic planning Clear objectives Clear vision Leading by example – walk the walk Efficiency of systems and processes


Transactional Theory :Transactional Theory


Slide 35:Focus on the management of the organisation Focus on procedures and efficiency Focus on working to rules and contracts Managing current issues and problems


Factors Affecting Style :Factors Affecting Style


Leadership style may be dependent on various factors: :Leadership style may be dependent on various factors: Risk Type of business How important change is Organisational culture Nature of the task