SUMMITS ON CLIMATE CHANGE

CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTING TOURISM:

CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTING TOURISM PRESENTED BY: VARUN ANJAN

What is Global Warming? :

What is Global Warming? Global Warming is defined as the increase of the average temperature on Earth. As the Earth is getting hotter, disasters like hurricanes, droughts and floods are getting more frequent. What is Climate Change? In the context of environmental policy, climate change usually refers to changes in modern climate. It may be qualified as anthropogenic climate change, more generally known as "global warming”

Slide 3:

Climate change is mainly caused by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases which accumulate in the earth's atmosphere and trap heat. The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, a leading cause of global warming, continues to increase with world population growth and economic development. Causes And Consequences Of Climate Change

Slide 4:

Health effects Temperature - related illness and death Extreme weather - related health effects Air pollution - related health effects Water and food - borne diseases Vector borne and rodent borne diseases Health Effects Temperature-related illness and death Extreme weather- related (floods, storms, etc.) health effects Air pollution-related health effects Human exposures Regional weather changes • Heat waves • Extreme weather • Temperature • Precipitation Regional weather changes • Heat waves • Extreme weather • Temperature • Sea-level rise Contamination pathways Transmission dynamics - - - - rodent Microbial changes: Contamination paths Transmission dynamics Water and food-borne diseases Vector borne and borne diseases Climate Change Climate Change Changes in agro-ecosystems, hydrology Socioeconomic and demographic disruption Effects of food and water shortages Mental, nutritional, infectious-disease and other effects Modulating influences

The New Challenge Of Climate Change:

For the global tourism industry, climate change brings more risks than opportunities. There will be regional and seasonal shifts in tourist flows, resulting in both winners and losers. However, it is undoubted that the tourism industry will continue to be a growth sector, despite the challenge of climate change. The New Challenge Of Climate Change

Slide 6:

POTENTIAL IMPACTS FROM CLIMATE CHANGE Sea Level Rise Beach and Seaside Tourism Navigation Reefs Scuba Diving Heritage Assets and Attractions Ground Water

Slide 7:

GLACIERS Glaciers are considered among the most sensitive indicators of climate change, advancing when climate cools and retreating when climate warms. The World Glacier Monitoring Service collects data annually on glacier retreat and glacier mass balance. From this data, glaciers worldwide have been found to be shrinking significantly, with strong glacier retreats in the 1940s, stable conditions during the 1970s, and again retreating from the mid 1980s to present. Mass balance data indicate 17 consecutive years of negative glacier mass balance.

Slide 8:

Considering the effects of climate change alone, this could turn out to be just the redistribution of slices of a shrinking pie. As a result of the worsening of the climatic conditions for beach holidays, which up to now have been the primary reason for travelling there and are concentrated in the midsummer, overall the region will be negatively affected. Winners and Losers in the Mediterranean Region

Slide 9:

Tourist arrivals in Austria are split roughly evenly between the summer and winter seasons. Winter is, however, more important in terms of income from tourism. Higher temperatures will mean that summer tourism in Austria will increase in attractiveness: the mountain and lakes landscapes offer an alternative to the hot Mediterranean destinations. The opportunities for walking holidays and tourism in spas and health resorts will improve. Summer Holidays In Austria Will Be More Attractive

AMERICA:

AMERICA The Caribbean suffers from the hurricane season Highly diversified structure of tourism in North America Latin America hit by climate change

ASIA:

ASIA In Indonesia, because of its proximity to the equator, the prevailing climate is hot and tropical. The same goes for the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Malaysia where seaside holidays are also the most important. India may well be more badly affected by climate change than e.g. China or Japan. Thailand tourism could be affected in a way similar to Indonesia. The example of Malaysia, however, demonstrates an advantage for the Asian destinations. Tours concentrating on culture and landscape are very popular with Western tourists and are less climate-sensitive. This is also true of city tourism, e.g. trips to Hong Kong, Singapore and Tokyo.

AFRICA:

AFRICA Many scientists and economists consider that Africa will be the continent most seriously affected by climate change. African wildlife is the main attraction Tanzania and Kenya could be particularly badly affected if there are severe climate-related problems for the wildlife in their nature reserves and national parks. South Africa could fare somewhat better, as, in comparison with other African countries, it has more heterogeneous and less climate-dependent products to offer tourists.

Australia/Oceania:

Australia/Oceania In Australia , rising temperatures will affect beach and water sport holidays on the country's east coast. The problem of high UV radiation already exists. The South Seas will have similar problems to those of the island states in the Indian Ocean. In Polynesia , most of the islands have above-average reliance on tourism.

The Near East:

The Near East Egypt benefits from a very balanced pattern of arrivals over the year. The Cairo area, with the pyramids of Giza and tours on the Nile and to the pharaohs' tombs in the Valley of the Kings, is less susceptible to climate change. In the UAE, the tourism industry is seen as a future market.

Climate Change To Affect Marine Tourism:

Climate Change To Affect Marine Tourism "When the climate changes as a result of global warming the sea surface would rise so that white sand will disappear because it is submerged with water, the increase in global warming would also bring impact to tourism as it would cause inconvenience in the natural tourism areas.

Slide 16:

THREAT TO SCUBA DIVING Areas dependent on scuba diving and snorkeling were also seen under threat from climate change. "Most of the world's coral reefs would die off with only a 3 degree Celsius increase in sea temperatures and the myriad of colorful fish and sea creatures that live in the reefs would also disappear" Referring to scientists' findings that projected temperature rises could threaten extinction for up to 30 percent of animal and plant species, the World Tourism Organisation also flagged "a spectacular decrease" in the number of lions, elephants and rhinoceroses in Africa, hurting safari operators. It also said the Maldives, whose economy relies heavily on tourism, could lose entire islands with a small increase in sea levels, while urban sites such as Venice and lower Manhattan could also be submerged.

Developing Countries Are The Most Vulnerable To Climate Change:

Developing C ountries A re T he M ost V ulnerable T o C limate C hange Impacts are wors e - already more flood and drought prone and a large share of the economy is in climate sensitive sectors. Lower capacity to adapt because of a lack of financial, institutional and technological capacity and access to knowledge. Climate change is likely to impact disproportionately upon the poorest countries and the poorest persons within countries, exacerbating inequities in health status and access to adequate food, clean water and other resources. Net market sector effects are expected to be negative in most developing countries.

SUMMITS ON CLIMATE CHANGE :

SUMMITS ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Stockholme International Summit.[1972]:

Stockholme International Summit.[1972] UNEP was formed in this summit. Main motive of this summit was to give idea to developing country how they can use capital and technique for better env . 5 th june was declared Env . Day.

KYOTO PROTOCAL-1997:

KYOTO PROTOCAL-1997 It is also known as EARTH-5 summit. It was implemented from 16 th FEB 2005. Main motive of this summit was to come down the level of green house gases at the level of 1990. NZL was the first country imposes tax to control the global warming.

Johansburg Summit-2002:

Johansburg Summit-2002 It was world summit on sustanable Development. It is also known as EARTH-10 Summit.

The Djerba Declaration:

The Djerba Declaration An important output of the conference was the issuance of the Djerba Declaration on Tourism and Climate Change. This declaration marks an important stage in establishing that serious international attention, under the leadership of the UNWTO.

COPENHAGEN SUMMIT DEC (7-19), 2009:

COPENHAGEN SUMMIT DEC (7-19), 2009 Summit ended without any declaration and conclusion. Target of carbon emission to 17% by 2020. Almost every poor country(G-77) rejected the draft.

International Conference on Climate and Tourism, OCT 2007:

International Conference on Climate and Tourism, OCT 2007 Held in Davos , Switzerland, in October 2007 was a milestone event. It reunited stakeholders from across the sector to review developments and re-chart the future. The Davos Declaration Acknowledges the reality of climate change and its strong interrelationship with tourism. It also acknowledges the need for a long term strategy for the sector to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions in line with other sectors

Slide 25:

It called for urgent adoption of a range of policies to encourage sustainable tourism and travel patterns that take into account climate responsiveness. It also gave a clear commitment for action to respond to the climate change challenge and identified concrete initiatives from governments, industry, consumers, research and communications networks to build awareness, data, education, collaboration and a changed culture of priority climate response

“Tourism: responding to the challenge of climate change”. :

“Tourism: responding to the challenge of climate change”.