osteoporosis video unisel

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Name : Nor Anis Syafeeqa bt Che ruslan Matrix : 3083015761 Subject : Non –infectious diseases Lecturer : Mr. Adam Adman Email : anis_syafeeqa@yahoo.com Program :Environmental health Intitution : universiti selangor Osteoporosis

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Most common type of bone disease. Osteoporosis is the thinning of bone tissue ,loss of bone density over time ,resulting in fragile bones and  easily broken. It is common in older people and women following menopause between age 50 ( women ) and 70 ( men ), when the body no longer able to replace tissue with tissue of the old bone new and more healthy. Introduction of Osteoporosis

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The leading causes of osteoporosis are a drop in estrogen in women at the time of menopause and a drop in testosterone in men.People will also have lacked the amount of bone tissue, cause bone thinning. Bones will easily become brittle and easily broken, especially spine, wrist and hip.

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Healthy bones are usually very crowded and the space between bone is small.in the case of osteoporosis, the room is large, making the bones weaker and less elastic. Bones are repaired and reinforced with a variety of protein and mineral nutrients absorbed of blood vessels. These include calcium, fosporus, protein and amino acids. Changes in hormone levels can have an impact on bone strength.

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There are no symptoms in the early stages of the disease. Bone pain or tenderness Fractures with little or no trauma ( occurs during the course of normal activity) Loss of height (as much as 6 inches) over time Low back pain due to fractures of the spinal bones Neck pain due to fractures of the spinal bones Stooped posture or kyphosis , also called a "dowager's hump Fractures of the spine (vertebra) Hip fractures typically occur as a result of a fall. Men are similar to the symptoms of osteoporosis in women. Symptoms and Signs

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Getting older and Female gender Caucasian or Asian race Being Thin and small body frame Family history of osteoporosis Personal history of fracture as an adult Cigarette smoking Excessive alcohol consumption Lack of exercise Diet low in calcium Poor nutrition and poor general health Malabsorption (nutrients are not properly absorbed from the gastrointestinal system) from conditions such as celiac sprue Low estrogen levels in women (such as occur in menopause or with early surgical removal of both ovaries) Low testosterone levels in men (hypogonadism) Chemotherapy that can cause early menopause due to its toxic effects on the ovaries Amenorrhea (loss of the menstrual period) in young women associated with low estrogen and osteoporosis; amenorrhea can occur in women who undergo extremely vigorous exercise training and in women with very low body fat, for example, women with anorexia nervosa Chronic inflammation, due to chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or liver diseases Immobility, such as after a stroke, or from any condition that interferes withwalking Hyperthyroidism, a condition wherein too much thyroid hormone is produced by the thyroid gland (as in Grave's disease) or is ingested as thyroid hormone medication Risk factors and causes of Osteoporosis

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The goal of treatment of osteoporosis is the prevention of bone fractures by reducing bone loss or, preferably, by increasing bone density and strength. The following are osteoporosis treatment and prevention measures: Lifestyle changes - including quitting cigarette smoking, curtailing excessive alcohol intake, exercising regularly, and consuming a balanced diet with adequate calcium and vitamin D ,Hormone therapy (menopausal hormone therapy) - to prevent bone loss, increase bone density, and prevent bone fractures 2. Medications that stop bone loss and increase bone strength – such as alendronate (Fosamax), risedronate (Actonel), raloxifene (Evista), ibandronate (Boniva), calcitonin (Calcimar), zoledronate (Reclast), and denosumab (Prolia) 3.Medications that increase bone formation  - such as teriparatide (Forteo) Treatment and Prevention for Osteoporosis

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Video of osteoporosis End

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