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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Introduction to Organizational Behavior : Introduction to Organizational Behavior What are Organizations? : What are Organizations? Groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose Structured patterns of interaction Coordinated tasks Work toward some purpose Organizational Behavior : Organizational Behavior The study of individual behavior and group dynamics in organizations Understand Predict Manage DefiningOrganizational Behavior : DefiningOrganizational Behavior (Continued) Levels of Analysis : Levels of Analysis e.g., Selection Systems e.g., Groupthink e.g., Personality Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Theoretical Frameworks for O.B. : Theoretical Frameworks for O.B. Cognitive Framework Personality Satisfaction, Commitment and Absenteeism Model Attraction- Selection-Attrition Model Behavioristic Framework Pavlov’s Dogs Environmental Contingencies Social Cognitive Framework Allows for more complexities More accepted framework Perception : Perception I know that you believe you understand what you think I said, but, I am not sure you realize that what you heard is not what I meant. Preview : Preview Perception defined Influences of perception Four stages of perception Pitfalls to accurate perception Perception Defined : Perception Defined The process by which we become aware of objects and events in the external world. The process of making sense of the world around us. Many people ignore the fact that all of us are different and that these differences equip us to view the world from our very own vantage points. Usually we spend more energy defending our own position than understanding others. Where does the triangle begin? Influences on Perception : Influences on Perception Physiological (biological, neurological) Influences Senses, age, health, fatigue, hunger, biological cycles Social Influences Cultural Differences Nonverbal behaviors, odors, speech, silence, space Social Roles Sex roles, gender roles, occupational roles Self-Concept Self-esteem, locus of control, attribution (attaching meaning to behavior) Perception : Perception Perception is the process of making sense of the world around us Also called informational or cognitive processing Perception is influenced by two factors: Biological/Neurological—How we are hardwired Universal to all humans Social—The different social influences in our lives Differs in all humans (men vs. women; US vs. Japan; 12th vs. 21st Century) It is important we understand this process if we are to become smart, competent communicators It is the “thing” that happens before we even open our mouths There are four stages of perception (if we could slow it down for examination) Stage 1: Selection : Stage 1: Selection Life is a process of selecting information/data We are confronted with millions of pieces of stimuli each day (1,500 advertisements alone) Factors That Influence Our Selection A. Interest (College Basketball, Movies, Music) B. Need (lectures, traffic lights, buying 1st car) C. Aesthetics (noise, movement, color) What advertisers, marketers, & designers do D. Biology (sensation seeking, ADHD, circadian rhythms) Sesame St. Syndrome Educators competing with the media—and losing Bad Elmo Stage 2: Organization : Stage 2: Organization To eliminate the chaos of life (entropy) and help make sense of the world, we simplify and reduce our world We put our “selected” data in cognitive “folders” Also called: Schematas or Cognitive Frameworks Three Principles of Organization: A) Binary Opposition (all things in pairs) male/female, short/tall, white/black, good/bad B) Already formed social categories 101 students, sorority sisters, UK basketball players, Italians C) We also organize by similarities size (big buildings), color (things that are purple), space (things from Hawaii), smell (things that make us hungry), function (computer, phone, TV, DVD, VCR, CD player, pager, palm) Halloween Labs Slide 28: How many Fs? Stage 3Interpretation/Comprehension : Stage 3Interpretation/Comprehension Next, we have to Evaluate the data in our folders Larger files (more complete and accurate) Smaller files (simplistic and underdeveloped) Our Comfort Zone: Not Comfortable with New or Small Folders We like our old, Big Folders (Basketball) and avoid our small, underdeveloped folders (Sra Lanka) College Forces Us To Make New Folders Researchers now think that this is the reason for racism and prejudice All that we know about Italians we have learned from Mafia Movies, Dr. DeSantis, and the Olive Garden. Wonder Woman Young, or old? : Young, or old? Young, or old? : Young, or old? Slide 41: Which line is longer? A B Stage 4Retention and Memory : Stage 4Retention and Memory We Don’t Retain All We Select! Photographic Memory & Hypnosis (still not perfect) Factors That Influence Long-term Memory A) Recency of Time (today vs. 10 years from now) B) Frequency of Use (628-2254, names, TV channels) C) Importance (test information, PIN number, anniversary) D) Emotional Connection (1st kiss,, wedding) E) Weirdness/Uniqueness (sumo wrestlers, 500 lbs. Dancer, Tool Videos) A boy & his dog Pitfalls to Accurate Perception : Pitfalls to Accurate Perception “I love the Yankees” 2) Halo & Devil Effect : 2) Halo & Devil Effect A) We select the first (positive or negative) “obvious” or “dominant” characteristic of a person Physical appearance, weight, personality, wealth, clothing, regional accent, race, large nose, glasses, nice shoes, etc. B) We then assign “accompanying” positive or negative traits to that person (that they have not earned) Halo--Attractive People: smart, happy, rich, honest Devil--Unattractive People: dumb, poor, dishonest C) Problem: We unfairly punish some while rewarding others simply due to one dominant trait we happen to notice You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
OB PPT amitkipm Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 367 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: October 22, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: amitjha_1001 (9 month(s) ago) please let me know how i can download this ppt Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: amitjha_1001 (9 month(s) ago) hello guys... this is one of the best material regarding ob Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Introduction to Organizational Behavior : Introduction to Organizational Behavior What are Organizations? : What are Organizations? Groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose Structured patterns of interaction Coordinated tasks Work toward some purpose Organizational Behavior : Organizational Behavior The study of individual behavior and group dynamics in organizations Understand Predict Manage DefiningOrganizational Behavior : DefiningOrganizational Behavior (Continued) Levels of Analysis : Levels of Analysis e.g., Selection Systems e.g., Groupthink e.g., Personality Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) : Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d) Theoretical Frameworks for O.B. : Theoretical Frameworks for O.B. Cognitive Framework Personality Satisfaction, Commitment and Absenteeism Model Attraction- Selection-Attrition Model Behavioristic Framework Pavlov’s Dogs Environmental Contingencies Social Cognitive Framework Allows for more complexities More accepted framework Perception : Perception I know that you believe you understand what you think I said, but, I am not sure you realize that what you heard is not what I meant. Preview : Preview Perception defined Influences of perception Four stages of perception Pitfalls to accurate perception Perception Defined : Perception Defined The process by which we become aware of objects and events in the external world. The process of making sense of the world around us. Many people ignore the fact that all of us are different and that these differences equip us to view the world from our very own vantage points. Usually we spend more energy defending our own position than understanding others. Where does the triangle begin? Influences on Perception : Influences on Perception Physiological (biological, neurological) Influences Senses, age, health, fatigue, hunger, biological cycles Social Influences Cultural Differences Nonverbal behaviors, odors, speech, silence, space Social Roles Sex roles, gender roles, occupational roles Self-Concept Self-esteem, locus of control, attribution (attaching meaning to behavior) Perception : Perception Perception is the process of making sense of the world around us Also called informational or cognitive processing Perception is influenced by two factors: Biological/Neurological—How we are hardwired Universal to all humans Social—The different social influences in our lives Differs in all humans (men vs. women; US vs. Japan; 12th vs. 21st Century) It is important we understand this process if we are to become smart, competent communicators It is the “thing” that happens before we even open our mouths There are four stages of perception (if we could slow it down for examination) Stage 1: Selection : Stage 1: Selection Life is a process of selecting information/data We are confronted with millions of pieces of stimuli each day (1,500 advertisements alone) Factors That Influence Our Selection A. Interest (College Basketball, Movies, Music) B. Need (lectures, traffic lights, buying 1st car) C. Aesthetics (noise, movement, color) What advertisers, marketers, & designers do D. Biology (sensation seeking, ADHD, circadian rhythms) Sesame St. Syndrome Educators competing with the media—and losing Bad Elmo Stage 2: Organization : Stage 2: Organization To eliminate the chaos of life (entropy) and help make sense of the world, we simplify and reduce our world We put our “selected” data in cognitive “folders” Also called: Schematas or Cognitive Frameworks Three Principles of Organization: A) Binary Opposition (all things in pairs) male/female, short/tall, white/black, good/bad B) Already formed social categories 101 students, sorority sisters, UK basketball players, Italians C) We also organize by similarities size (big buildings), color (things that are purple), space (things from Hawaii), smell (things that make us hungry), function (computer, phone, TV, DVD, VCR, CD player, pager, palm) Halloween Labs Slide 28: How many Fs? Stage 3Interpretation/Comprehension : Stage 3Interpretation/Comprehension Next, we have to Evaluate the data in our folders Larger files (more complete and accurate) Smaller files (simplistic and underdeveloped) Our Comfort Zone: Not Comfortable with New or Small Folders We like our old, Big Folders (Basketball) and avoid our small, underdeveloped folders (Sra Lanka) College Forces Us To Make New Folders Researchers now think that this is the reason for racism and prejudice All that we know about Italians we have learned from Mafia Movies, Dr. DeSantis, and the Olive Garden. Wonder Woman Young, or old? : Young, or old? Young, or old? : Young, or old? Slide 41: Which line is longer? A B Stage 4Retention and Memory : Stage 4Retention and Memory We Don’t Retain All We Select! Photographic Memory & Hypnosis (still not perfect) Factors That Influence Long-term Memory A) Recency of Time (today vs. 10 years from now) B) Frequency of Use (628-2254, names, TV channels) C) Importance (test information, PIN number, anniversary) D) Emotional Connection (1st kiss,, wedding) E) Weirdness/Uniqueness (sumo wrestlers, 500 lbs. Dancer, Tool Videos) A boy & his dog Pitfalls to Accurate Perception : Pitfalls to Accurate Perception “I love the Yankees” 2) Halo & Devil Effect : 2) Halo & Devil Effect A) We select the first (positive or negative) “obvious” or “dominant” characteristic of a person Physical appearance, weight, personality, wealth, clothing, regional accent, race, large nose, glasses, nice shoes, etc. B) We then assign “accompanying” positive or negative traits to that person (that they have not earned) Halo--Attractive People: smart, happy, rich, honest Devil--Unattractive People: dumb, poor, dishonest C) Problem: We unfairly punish some while rewarding others simply due to one dominant trait we happen to notice