Seminar on Forest Modified

Seminar on Forest:

Seminar on Forest -Presented by Group C

What are Forests?:

What are Forests? A Forest is an area of land in which trees are the main vegetation. However, a functioning forest is much more than just trees. A forest is an ecosystem composed of woody and non-woody plants,soil,water,animals,fish, & people.

Enemies of the Forest:

Enemies of the Forest Enemies of forest include insects,diseases,air pollution, wildfire, & poor land use practices. Other than the human destruction, the forest are also destroyed by many ants too. For example The Carpenter Ants(penetrates through the woods) , Furniture beetle etc.

How the forests are getting destroyed?:

How the forests are getting destroyed? Forests have been subjected to heavy logging and agricultural clearance throughout the 20th century and the area covered by rainforests around the world is shrinking . Biologists have estimated that large numbers of species are being driven to extinction due to the removal of habitat with destruction of the rainforests.

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Another factor causing the loss of forest is expanding urban areas. Littoral rainforest growing along coastal areas of eastern Australia is now rare due to ribbon development to accommodate the demand for sea change lifestyles .

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The forests are being destroyed at a rapid pace. Almost 90% of West Africa's rainforest has been destroyed. Since the arrival of humans 2000 years ago, Madagascar has lost two thirds of its original rainforest. At present rates, tropical rainforests in Indonesia would be logged out in 10 years and Papua New Guinea in 13 to 16 years.

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Several countries, notably Brazil, have declared their deforestation a national emergency. Amazon deforestation jumped by 69% in 2008 compared to 2007's twelve months, according to official government data. Deforestation could wipe out or severely damage nearly 60% of the Amazon Rainforest by 2030, says a new report from WWF.

How to Protect the Forest?:

How to Protect the Forest? Rainforests are disappearing very quickly. The good news is that there are a lot of people who want to save rainforests. The bad news is saving rainforests is not going to be easy. It will take the efforts of many people working together in order to ensure rainforests and their wildlife will survive for your children to appreciate and enjoy.

Some steps for saving rainforests and, on a broader scale, ecosystems around the world is to focus on "TREES": :

Some steps for saving rainforests and, on a broader scale, ecosystems around the world is to focus on "TREES": Teach others about the importance of the environment and how they can help save rainforests. Restore damaged ecosystems by planting trees on land where forests have been cut down. Encourage people to live in a way that doesn't hurt the environment Establish parks to protect rainforests and wildlife Support companies that operate in ways that minimize damage to the environment

Some Easy Steps:

Some Easy Steps As we know protection of the forest is not an easy task that can be achieved easily. It needs a lot of hard work. But as you know the world has changed and time has become precious. So we as children's can do. The steps are easy: 1.Reuse and recycle 2 . Decrease meat consumption 3 . Do not litter

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4. Do not pollute 5. Plant flowers or any saplings 6. Use organic fertilizers 7. Do not support products that are made from animals 8. Use rechargeable batteries 9. Use recycle bag 10. Support campaign such as Earth Hour 1.

Recent Threats:

Recent Threats North Africa It is believed that much more of North Africa had forest cover originally, and that this has declined over several centuries because of climatic conditions and human intervention .

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The growth in Northern Africa’s population has also increased the demand for forest products for energy and various domestic uses in the sub-region, especially charcoal manufacture

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Five per cent of all energy consumed in Northern Africa comes from biomass (compared to 86 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa), and total fuel wood use is currently 58 million m 3 per year, predicted to increase by 20 per cent over the next 30 years. One of the main reason for the decline in forest cover .

South-East Asia:

South-East Asia Increased soy production is a new threat in southeast Asia. Also the commercial logging and clearance for plantations, as well as small farmer colonization are important. It is often assumed that increasing population forces the poor to clear forest in order to make a living.

South East Asia:

South East Asia

The Himalayan Yew in Danger:

The Himalayan Yew in Danger The Himalayan Yew (Taxus wallachiana) is a medicinal plant found in various parts of Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh. A chemical compound called ‘taxol’ is extracted from the bark, needles, twigs and roots of this tree, and it has been successfully used to treat some cancers – the drug is now the biggest selling anti-cancer drug in the world.

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The species is under great threat due to over-exploitation. In the last one decade, thousands of yew trees have dried up in various parts of Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh.

Recent Programs to Protect the Forest:

Recent Programs to Protect the Forest The Virginia Department of Forestry (VDOF) is charged with the protection of the forest resources from fire. The principle goals of the Forest Protection Program are to prevent injury or loss of human life, minimize property damage and protect resources.

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The VDOF has a well-defined and organized forest protection team, with every member of the Department having fire responsibilities. The ability to adapt to emergencies enables a small formal fire suppression force to limit annual fire losses to an average of less than 8200 acres (10-year average).

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This low average is accomplished through coordination with local fire departments, forest industry, federal agencies, other state agencies and VDOF organized volunteer fire crews.

Various other Programs:

Various other Programs Sustainable Forestry Initiative Certification Symbol: The Sustainable Forestry Initiative® (SFI) program is based on the premise that responsible environmental behavior and sound business decisions can co-exist. SFI program participants practice sustainable forestry on all the lands they manage. They also influence millions of additional acres through the training of loggers and foresters in best management practices and landowner outreach programs.

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Forest Stewardship Council Certified: The Forest Stewardship Council was created to change the dialogue about and the practice of sustainable forestry worldwide. It’s purpose is to coordinate the development of forest management standards throughout the different biogeography regions of the U.S.

Endangered Species:

Endangered Species An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters .

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The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has calculated the percentage of endangered species as 40 percent of all organisms based on the sample of species that have been evaluated through 2006. Many nations have laws offering protection to conservation reliant species: for example, forbidding hunting, restricting land development or creating preserves.

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Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legal protection like Pandas. Many more species become extinct, or potentially will become extinct, without gaining public notice.

Endangered Animals:

Endangered Animals

Endangered Birds:

Endangered Birds

Conclusion:

Conclusion Recent global and national information sources show significant and still increasing loss of natural forest cover in most tropical regions. Both forest loss, and forest degradation within still existing forest cover, lead to a reduction in forest values, including biomass, ecological processes and biodiversity .

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Constantly increasing human populations with greater consumerism means that we have to expect further loss of forest cover and biodiversity. There is no magic wand to prevent such loss. So it is we who have to take the measures in order to protect the forest and make it a place suitable for the coming generations.