nervous system self-test

The Nervous System Self-Test:

The Nervous System Self-Test Alaine Davis Woodinville Montessori School

What is the Nervous System?:

What is the Nervous System ? The nervous system consists of the ____ , _________ cord, _________ , and sensory system _________ Its roles include taking in ________ input, controlling both _________ and _________ muscles, and both _________ and _________ thought A _________ is a nerve cell, the specialized cell of the nervous system

Divisions of the Nervous System:

Divisions of the Nervous System Central Nervous System _________ _________ ______ Peripheral Nervous System _________ Division _________ Division

CNS: The Brain:

CNS: The Brain Average adult brain weighs about ___ pounds. (A newborn : less than ___ pound of brain) The brain is made up of _________ neurons (It would take you over 3,000 years to count them at a rate of one neuron per second). Neurons are invisibly small; however, the longest neuron in your body is over _________ long! Nerve messages can travel over _________ miles per hour.

Lobes of the Brain:

Lobes of the Brain

Lobes of the Brain:

Lobes of the Brain Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Temporal lobe Occipital lobe

Major Structures of the Brain:

Major Structures of the Brain _________ _________and _____________ _________ ______ ______ _________ _________ _________ _____

Major Structures of the Brain:

Major Structures of the Brain Cerebrum Thalamus and hypothalamus Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Spinal cord

Structures of the Brain:

Structures of the Brain Brainstem Lower section of brain includes medulla oblongata, pons , midbrain Regulates sleep, breathing, filters input from senses Cerebellum Coordinates ___________ body movements Cerebellum and brainstem together are sometimes called the “_________ brain”

Structures of the Brain:

Structures of the Brain Thalamus Regulates motor and sensory input to the cerebral cortex Hypothalamus Regulates h _____ , t _____, body________ and emotions Hippocampus _________ -shaped structure; plays important role in memory Cerebrum (cerebral cortex + corpus callosum ) largest and most complex part of the brain L___________ , m ___________ , p ___________ , motor functions

Structures of the Brain:

Structures of the Brain Thalamus Regulates motor and sensory input to the cerebral cortex Hypothalamus Regulates hunger, thirst, body temperature and emotions Hippocampus Seahorse-shaped structure; plays important role in memory Cerebrum (cerebral cortex + corpus callosum ) largest and most complex part of the brain Language, mathematics, personality, motor functions

Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System:

Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System ? ? ? ? ? ?

Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System:

Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS):

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Consists of all nerves, sensors and receptors (everything except the ____ and ______ ____) Sensory Division receives information from your _____ (external environment/somatic) and your ______ _____ (visceral). Sensory systems will be discussed in more detail later Motor Division carries brain/spinal cord’s response to m ______ and g _____

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS):

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Consists of all nerves, sensors and receptors (everything except the brain and spinal cord) Sensory Division receives information from your senses (external environment/somatic) and your internal organs (visceral). Sensory systems will be discussed in more detail later Motor Division carries brain/spinal cord’s response to muscles and glands

Motor Division of the PNS:

Motor Division of the PNS ____________ Nervous System (involuntary responses) __________ Division Prepares body to respond to extreme physical or emotional situations or threats Increases heart rate, increases respiration, slows down digestive system aka “________ or ________” response ____________ Division Calms the body and returns it to regular maintenance functions; the opposite of sympathetic effects Somatic Nervous System (voluntary responses)

Motor Division of the PNS:

Motor Division of the PNS Autonomic Nervous System (involuntary responses) Sympathetic Division Prepares body to respond to extreme physical or emotional situations or threats Increases heart rate, increases respiration, slows down digestive system aka “fight or flight” response Parasympathetic Division Calms the body and returns it to regular maintenance functions; the opposite of sympathetic effects Somatic Nervous System (voluntary responses)

More Fun Facts:

More Fun Facts The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body and the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body. This is also true for sensory input. Neurons do not undergo mitosis and cannot replenish themselves when they die 43 pairs of nerves connect the CNS to all parts of the body. 12 pairs connect directly to the brain and the remainder to the spinal cord If a part of the brain is damaged, other parts of the brain can “take over” the functions of the damaged portion