Multiple Disabilities

Multiple disabilities : 

Multiple disabilities Philip Xander Almonte

OBJECTIVES : 

OBJECTIVES By the end of this presentation, audience will: Be able to define Multiple Disabilities Become familiar with its characteristics, cause, prognosis, and various implications. Be able to acquire activity ideas for students and persons with Multiple Disabilities. Be able to build effective strategies in teaching students with severe, profound, or multiple disabilities.

DEFINITION : 

DEFINITION Multiple disabilities is a disability category under IDEA. As you might expect, children with multiple disabilities have two or more disabling conditions that affect learning or other important life functions. To qualify for special education services under this category, both of the student's disorders must be so significant that her educational needs could not be met in programs that are designed to address one of the disabilities alone.

CHARACTERISTICS : 

CHARACTERISTICS Limited speech or communication; Difficulty in basic physical mobility; Tendency to forget skills through disuse; Trouble generalizing skills from one situation to another; and A need for support in major life activities, e.g., domestic, leisure, community use, vocational.

MORE CHARACTERISTICS : 

MORE CHARACTERISTICS Movement difficulties Sensory losses Behavior problems Presence of primitive reflexes Possibly non-ambulatory

CAUSE : 

CAUSE There is no identifiable cause in 40% of cases of multiple disabilities. Most individuals with multiple disabilities with known causes are due to prenatal biomedical factors. Other possible causes may be linked to genetic metabolic disorders, dysfunction in production of enzymes leading to a buildup in toxic substances in the brain, or brain malformations.

PROGNOSIS : 

PROGNOSIS The prognosis of multiple disabilities is dependent on specific disabilities associated with each individual.

Medical Implications : 

Medical Implications Seizures Sensory Loss Hydrocephalus Scoliosis

IMPLICATIONS FOR P.E. : 

IMPLICATIONS FOR P.E. Motor delays Abnormal muscle tone Muscle atrophy, contractures Problem balancing Behavioral problems

EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS : 

EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS Team members include: educators, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and speech-language pathologists) Language development, social Skill development, functional Skill development (self-help), and vocational skill development. Classroom arrangements Least-Restrictive Environment Assistive Technology

EFFECTIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES : 

EFFECTIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES Maintain a small teacher to student ratio Learn from caregivers what the child likes and dislikes Use positive reinforcement Establish rapport Talk to child as if they were any other child Mirror their movements to see if they notice – assessing Obtain behavior management information – use consistently Use all forms of communication – sign, language, visual and tactile Slow instructions – avoid excess words Learn what primitive reflexes are still present Find out as much information about the child

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY : 

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY Display augmentative communicative devices Assistive Learning software IntelliKeys Keyboard Overlay makers Touch window Pocket Job Coach: customizable instructions/reminders for person with intellectual disability at work Communicative devices with voice synthesizer Special seats for persons with cerebral palsy Battery-operated wheelchair

VIDEO : 

VIDEO http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDRlv2ldTLo

REFERENCES : 

REFERENCES Multiple Disabilities-What are Multiple Disabilities? http://learningdisabilities.about.com/od/mo/g/multiple_disabi.htm Assistive Technology for Persons with Multiple Disabilities http://www.disability.org.sg/multipledisabilties/assistivetech.asp General Info on Severe or Multiple Disabilities http://www.kidsource.com/NICHCY/severe_disable.html

RESOURCES CONTINUED : 

RESOURCES CONTINUED http://old.nichcy.org/pubs/factshe/fs10.pdf Activity Ideas for Students with Severe, Profound, or Multiple Disabilities http://www.palaestra.com/featurestory.html Disability Fact Sheet http://www.pecentral.org/adapted/factsheets/multipledisability.htm