GPS for Environmental Management

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT:

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRESENTED BY ABHISHEK MAITY University Roll no-071580107038 4 th year 7 th Semester MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Mallabhum Institute of Technology

CONTENTS:

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HISTORY ELEMENTS MEASURING DISTANCE GPS MEASUREMENT ERRORS TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE ACCURACY APPLICATIONS

INTRODUCTION:

INTRODUCTION GIS It is a computerized information storage processing and retrieval system that has hardware and software especially designed to cope with geographical referenced spatial data

GIS:

GIS Techniques to input geographical information converting the information to digital form Techniques for sorting information in a compact format on computer disk or digital storage media Can analyze, make measurements and find optimum sites or routes and a hosts of other tasks Can predict outcome of various scenarios, can display data in the form of maps, images etc

GPS HISTORY:

GPS HISTORY LAUNCH OF SPUTNIK IN 1957 TRANSIT SYSTEM IN 1960 F.O.C (Full Operational Capacity) IN JULY 17 1995 ICO NAVSTAR DESIGNED BY U.S DoD PRECISE LOCATION ACCURATE TIME

GPS ELEMENTS:

GPS ELEMENTS 1. SPACE SEGMENT 2. CONTROL SEGMENT 3. USER SEGMENT

SPACE SEGMENT:

SPACE SEGMENT 24 SATELLITES IN A CONSTELLATION OF 6 ORBITAL PLANES, EACH SATELLITE COMPLETES 1 REVOLUTION IN 12 HOURS 6 ORBITS INCLINED 55 DEGREES FROM THE EQUATOR 4 SATELLITES FOR 3-D POSITIONING This configuration provides for at least 4 equally spaced satellites within each of the orbital planes

CONTROL SEGMENT:

CONTROL SEGMENT MONITOR STATIONS MASTER CONTROL STATION Frequency L1=1575.42 MHz C/A code, L2=1227.60 MHz P code

CONTROL SEGMENT:

CONTROL SEGMENT

USER SEGMENT:

USER SEGMENT CONSISTS OF GPS RECEIVER,ANTENNA AND PROCESSOR SPS-STANDARD POSITIONING SERVICE PPS-PRECISE POSITIONING SERVICE

MEASURING DISTANCE:

MEASURING DISTANCE SATELLITE AND THE RECEIVER GENERATE SAME PSEUDO-RANDOM CODES AT THE SAME TIME MEASURING HOW LONG THE SIGNAL TAKES TO REACH US MULTIPLY THE TRAVEL TIME BY THE SPEED OF LIGHT

GPS MEASUREMENT ERRORS:

GPS MEASUREMENT ERRORS CLOCK IONOSPHERE MULTIPATH

TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE ACCURACY:

TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE ACCURACY DGPS DIFFERENTIAL GPS WAAS WIDE AREA AUGMENTATION SYSTEM

APPLICATION Environmental Management:

APPLICATION Environmental Management Data Representation Vector method Raster method Predict climate changes, outcome of various scenarios

APPLICATIONS:

APPLICATIONS MILITARY APPLICATIONS MISSILE GUIDANCE

AIR NAVIGATION:

AIR NAVIGATION MOST DIRECT ROUTES BETWEEN AIRPORTS

GPS IN COCKPIT:

GPS IN COCKPIT .ACCURATE POSITION DATA

SEA NAVIGATION:

SEA NAVIGATION MORE ACCURATE MAPS: NAUTICAL & AERONAUTICAL MAPS

LAND NAVIGATION:

LAND NAVIGATION GPS IN VEHICLES MAPPING THE EARTH SET YOUR WATCH

SURVEY:

SURVEY SURVEYING WITH GPS SCIENCE IN THE FIELD

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