BIOLOGY PROGECT

BIOLOGY PROGECT: 

BIOLOGY PROGECT NATURAL RESOURCES MADE BY:-AAYAM PATIL GIVEN BY :-LEENA MAM. CLASS-9 TH ‘A’ REMARKS -……………… KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA

HEALTH AND ITS FAILURE : 

HEALTH AND ITS FAILURE THE HEAITH AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE HEAITH IS THAT IMPLIES THE IDEA OF BEING WELL ,WELL BEING MEANS EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF BODY ……….. “HEALTH IS THEREFORE A STATE OF BEING WELL ENOUGH TO FUNCTION WELL PHYSICALLY, MENTALLY , SOCIALLY…………. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 2

PERSONAL AND COMMUNITY ISSUES BOTH MATTER : 

PERSONAL AND COMMUNITY ISSUES BOTH MATTER IF HEALTH MEANS A STATE PHYSICAL, MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL BEING .IT IS NOT ONLY WHICH IS NEEDED FOR BEING A HEALTHY PERSON MANY THINGS ARE NEEDED FOR THE HEALTH AS HUMAN BEINGS LIVE IN SOCIETIES .SOCIAL HEALTH IS ALSO IMP FOR THE INDIVIDUAL HEALTH .IF YOU ARE NOT HAPPY ,YOUR SOCIETY IS NOT CLEAN ,YOU HAVE BURDEN YOU ARE NOT SOCIALLY EQUAL SO YOU ARE NOT A HEALTHY PERSON 3 BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM.........

DISTINCTINCTIONS BETWEEN HEALTHY AND DISEASE FREE : 

DISTINCTINCTIONS BETWEEN HEALTHY AND DISEASE FREE DISEASE FREE : DISEASE FREE IS A PERSON WHO HAS NO T ANY PHYSICAL PROBLEM OR ANY DISEASE IS KNOWN AS DISEASE FREE DISEASE=DISTURBED EASE . HEALTHY - HEALTHY IS NOT AONLY TO BE DISEASE FREE IT IS THAT YOU ARE PHYSICALLY ,MENTALLY , SOCIAL YOU ARE FIT BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 4

WHAT DOES DISEASES LOOK LIKE? WHEN THERE IS A DISEASE ,EITHER FUNCTIONING OR THE APEARANCE OF THE ONE OR MORE THAN ONE SYSTEM OF THE BODY WILL WORSE THE SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE – AS WE FEEL WRONG . WE HAVE COUGH ,FEVER ,HEADACHE ALL ARE THE SYMPTOMS : 

WHAT DOES DISEASES LOOK LIKE? WHEN THERE IS A DISEASE ,EITHER FUNCTIONING OR THE APEARANCE OF THE ONE OR MORE THAN ONE SYSTEM OF THE BODY WILL WORSE THE SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE – AS WE FEEL WRONG . WE HAVE COUGH ,FEVER ,HEADACHE ALL ARE THE SYMPTOMS DISEASE AND ITS CAUSES BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 5

ACUTE AND CHRONIC DISEASES : 

ACUTE AND CHRONIC DISEASES ACUTE DISEASE CHRONIC DISEASE DISEASES WHICH ARE LAST FOR ONLY LAST FOR VERY SHORT PERIOD OF TIME ARE CALLED ACUTE DISEASES FOR EX:-FEVER ,COUGH ETC………………………. THE DISEASES WHISH LAST FOR LONG LIFE PERIOD ARE KNOWN AS THE CHRONIC DISEASES . EX:-ELEPHANTIATIS …………….. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 6

CAUSES OF DISEASES : 

CAUSES OF DISEASES FOR UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF DISEASE WE TAKE AN EXAMPLE:- A BABY IS SUFFERING FROM LOOSE MOTIONS IS AN INFECTION OF VIRUS ………………… WHERE DID THE VIRUS COME FROM 1- FIRST IT MAY COME BY CONTAMINATED WATER 2- LACK OF NOURISHMENT BY SECOND LEVEL OF CAUSE 3- LACK OF PUBLIC SERVICES BY THIRD CAUSE … BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 7

INFECTIOUS DISEASES : 

INFECTIOUS DISEASES BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 8 ORGANISMS THAT CAN CAUSE DISEASES ????? DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY THE SOME OF THE VIRUSES ,BACTERIS ,FUNGI ,SOME ARE SINGLED CCELL ANIMALS OR PROTOZOANS SOME DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS ,SUCH AS WORMS OF DIFFERENT KINDS

SOME EXAMPLES OF DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES , BACTERIA, FUNJI , PROTOZOANS : 

SOME EXAMPLES OF DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES , BACTERIA, FUNJI , PROTOZOANS VIRUS COMMON COLD INFLUENZA DENGUE FEVER AIDS BACTERIA TYPHOID , CHOLERA , TUBERCULOSIS, ANTHRAX FUNJI COMMON SKIN INFECTIONS PROTOZOAN MALARIA , KALAZAR ETC… …………………………… BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 9

MEANS OF SPREAD : 

MEANS OF SPREAD BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 10 MANY MICROBAL AGENTS COME FROM THE AFFECTED PERSON TO SOMEONE ELSE BY THE COMMUNICATED DISEASES . SUCH DISEASES CAUSING MICROBES CAUSING CAN SPREAD THROUGH AIR .EX:-COMMON COLD ,PNEMONIA AND TUBERCULOSIS ………………. DISEASES CAN ALSO SPREAD THROUGH WATER EX:-CHOLERA IT CAN SPREAD THROUGH BY CONTAMINATED WATER

DISEASE CAN ALSO SPREAD THROUGH SEXUAL ACT : 

DISEASE CAN ALSO SPREAD THROUGH SEXUAL ACT THE SEXUAL ACT IS ONE OF THE CLOSEST PHYSICAL CONTACT TWO PEOPLE CAN HAVE WITH EACH OTHER .NOT SURPRISINGLY ,THERE ARE MICROBAL DISEASES LIKE SYPHILIS OR AIDS ………… AIDS VIRUS CAN ALSO SPREAD THROUGH BLOOD-TO-BLOOD CONTACT WITH INFECTED PERSON OR FROM AN INFECTED MOTHER TO HIS BABY DURING PREGNANCY OR THROUGH BREAST FEEDING ,…………,.……………………………………. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 11

SARS VIRUS {AN INFECTED CELL} : 

SARS VIRUS {AN INFECTED CELL} ……………………………………….. SARS VIRUS BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 12

ORGANIC SPECIFIC AND TISSUE SPECIFIC MANIFESTATIONS …….: 

ORGANIC SPECIFIC AND TISSUE SPECIFIC MANIFESTATIONS ……. IF THEY ENTER FROM THE AIR VIA NOSE , THEY LIKELY TO GO TO LUNGS ,THIS IS SEEN IN THE BACTERIA CAUSING TUBERCULOSIS ….. IF THEY ENTER THROUGH THE MOUTH THEY CAN STAY IN THE GUT LINING LIKE TYPHIOD CAUSING BACTERIA . OR THEY CAN GO TO THE LIVER ,LIKE VIRUSES THAT CAUSE THE JAUNDICE……………….. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 13

BUT THIS NEEDEN’T ALWAYS BE THE CASE AN INFECTION LIKE HIV ,THAT COMES INTOMTHE BODY VIA SEXUAL ORGANS WILL SPREAD TO LYMPH NODES ALL OVER THE BODY ………………….: 

BUT THIS NEEDEN’T ALWAYS BE THE CASE AN INFECTION LIKE HIV ,THAT COMES INTOMTHE BODY VIA SEXUAL ORGANS WILL SPREAD TO LYMPH NODES ALL OVER THE BODY …………………. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 14

POCTURE OF A TRYPANOSOMA,THE PROTOZOAN VIRUS REPONSIBLE FOR SLEEPING SICKNESS,,,,,,,..: 

POCTURE OF A TRYPANOSOMA,THE PROTOZOAN VIRUS REPONSIBLE FOR SLEEPING SICKNESS,,,,,,,.. TRYPANOSOMA ……………………….. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 15

PRICIPLES OF TREATMENT : 

PRICIPLES OF TREATMENT FIRST OF ALL WE HAVE TO PROVIDE THE TREATMENT FOR REDUCING SYMPTOMS………..THE SYMPTOMS ARE USUALLY B’COZ OF INFLAMMATION FOR EX:- WE CAN TAKE MEDICINES TO BRING DOWN FEVER ,REDUCE PAIN OR LOOSE MOTIONS .. WE CAN TAKE BEDREST FOR THE CONSERVATION OF OUR ENERGY THIS WILL ENABLE US TO HAVE MORE OF ITS AVAILABLE TO FOCUS ON HEALING ……………………. CONTINUED………………………,. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 16

ONE REASON WHY ANTIVIRAL MEDICINES ARE HARDER THAN MAKING THE ANTI BACTERIAL MEDICINES IS THAT HAVE FEW BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF THEIR OWN.THEY ENTER OUR CELLS AND USE OUR MACHINERY FOR THEIR LIFE PROCESS THIS MEANS THAT THERE ARE RELATIVELY FEW VIRUS-SPECIFIC TARGETS TO AIM AT……………………: 

ONE REASON WHY ANTIVIRAL MEDICINES ARE HARDER THAN MAKING THE ANTI BACTERIAL MEDICINES IS THAT HAVE FEW BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF THEIR OWN.THEY ENTER OUR CELLS AND USE OUR MACHINERY FOR THEIR LIFE PROCESS THIS MEANS THAT THERE ARE RELATIVELY FEW VIRUS-SPECIFIC TARGETS TO AIM AT…………………… BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 17

THE PROTOZOAN ORGANISM THAT CAUSE KALAZAR .. : 

THE PROTOZOAN ORGANISM THAT CAUSE KALAZAR .. PICTURE OF LEISHMANIA BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 18

PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION : 

PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 19 THERE ARE THREE LIMITATIONS OF THIS APROACH TO DEALING WITH INFECTIOUS DISEASES 1}THE FIRST IS THAT ONCE SOMEONE HAS DISEASE ,THEIR BODY FUNCTIONS ARE DAMAGED ,THEIR BODY FUNCTIONS ARE DAMAGED AND MAY NEVER RECOVER COMPLETELY 2}THE SECOND TREATMENT WILL TAKE TIME ,WHICH MEANS THAT SOMEONE SUFFERING FROM A DISEASE IS LIKELY TO BE BEDRIDDEN FOR SOME TIME EVEN IF WE CAN GIVE HIM PROPER TREATMENT …………..CONTINUED ,……………

THE THIRD IS THAT PERSON SUFFERING FROM AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE CAN SERVE AS THE SOURCE FROM WHERE THE INFECTION MAY SPREAD TO OTHER PEOPLE .THIS LEADS TO THE MULTIPLICATION OF ABOVE DIFFICULTIES . ……………………IT IS BECAUSE OF SUCH REASONS THAT PREVENTION OF DISEASE IS BETTER THAN CURE.: 

THE THIRD IS THAT PERSON SUFFERING FROM AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE CAN SERVE AS THE SOURCE FROM WHERE THE INFECTION MAY SPREAD TO OTHER PEOPLE .THIS LEADS TO THE MULTIPLICATION OF ABOVE DIFFICULTIES . ……………………IT IS BECAUSE OF SUCH REASONS THAT PREVENTION OF DISEASE IS BETTER THAN CURE. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 20

WATER BORN AND VECTOR BORN DISEASES: 

WATER BORN AND VECTOR BORN DISEASES WATER BORN VECTOR BORN WATER BORN DISEASE ARE THOSE DISEASE WHICH SPREAD THROUGH THE CONTAMINATED WATER .THIS CAN BE PREVENT BY THE PROVIDING OF SAFE DRINKING WATER …… THE VECTOR BORN DISEASE IS SPREAD THROUGH THE UNCLEAN ENVIRONMENTS .. FOR EX:- ALLOW MOSQUITO BREEDING IN OTHER WORDS ,PUBLIC HYGINE IS KEY OF PREVENTION OF DISEASE 21 BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM.........

THE SECOND BASIC PRINCIPLE OF THE INFECTIOUS DISEASE IS THE AVAILABILITY OF PROPER DIET FOR EVERYONE .,.WE CAN NOW SEE THAT AS GENERAL PRINCIPAL ,WE CAN “FOOL”THE IMMUNE SYSTEM INTO DEVELOPING A MEMEORY OF INFECTION PUTTING SOMETHING,THAT MIMICS THE BODY………………..: 

THE SECOND BASIC PRINCIPLE OF THE INFECTIOUS DISEASE IS THE AVAILABILITY OF PROPER DIET FOR EVERYONE .,.WE CAN NOW SEE THAT AS GENERAL PRINCIPAL ,WE CAN “FOOL”THE IMMUNE SYSTEM INTO DEVELOPING A MEMEORY OF INFECTION PUTTING SOMETHING,THAT MIMICS THE BODY……………….. BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 22

ADULT ROUND WORM : 

ADULT ROUND WORM ASCARIS TECHNICAL ANME BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM......... 23

YOUR FAVOURITE STUDENT –AAYAM PATIL : 

YOUR FAVOURITE STUDENT –AAYAM PATIL THANK YOU MAM GIVE ME GOOD REMARKS YOURS STUDENT AAYAM PATIL CLASS -9 TH ‘A’ 24 BIOLOGY PROGECT - LEENA MAM.........