internet

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COMPUTER PROJECT A

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INTERNET

INTRODUCTION : 

INTRODUCTION Internet is the world’s largest computer network ,the network of networks , scattered all over the world. It was created in 1960’s as a project for the U.S. Department of Defense. Its goal was to create a method for widely separated computers to transfer data efficiently even in the event of a nuclear attack. From a handful of computers and users , today the internet has grown to thousands of regional networks that can connect million of users.

REQUIREMENT FOR INTERNET :- : 

REQUIREMENT FOR INTERNET :- To establish an internet connection, you will need the following :- Computer / Phone Modem Internet Browser Software Telephone Connection / USB Net Connector E-mail Software

TERMS RELATED WITH INTERNET:- : 

TERMS RELATED WITH INTERNET:- World Wide Web (WWW) – The World Wide Web is a system based on hypertext and HTTP, for providing, organising, and accessing a wide variety of resources (text, images, and sound) that are available via internet.

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WEB PAGE- A web page is a unit of information, often called a document that is available over the World Wide Web. Web pages are created using HTML, which defines the contents of a web page such that images, text, hypertext links, etc. web pages are sent and received through HTTP, a method used to tranfer hypertext files across the internet.

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HTTP- It is an acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. HTTP is the set of rules, or protocols, that enables hypertext data to be transferred from one computer to another. Hypertext is text that is coded using the Hypertext markup language (HTML). HTTP enables users to retrieve a wide variety of resources such as text, graphics, sound, animation and other hypertext documents, and allows hypertext access to other Internet Protocols.

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WEB BROWSER – A Browser is a software program that acts as an interface between the user and the World Wide Web. The browser sends requests for the information that is available on the internet and displays the information for the user. There are many different types of browsers. A text-based browser shows a user text only. A graphical browser allows the user to see more of what the WWW has to offer, photographs and multimedia.

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SEARCH ENGINE – A web search engine is an interactive tool that enables user to locate information available via the World Wide Web. Search engines provide “fill-out” forms and other interfaces so the user can type in query, submit the request, and retrieve a list of resources that can match the search criteria. The hypertext environment makes it possible to offer a link directly from the list of results to the resource themselves.

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IP ADDRESS – An IP Address is a unique, numeric identifier used to specify a particular host on a particular network, and is part of a global, standardised scheme for identifying machines that are connected to the internet. IP Addresses consist of four numbers, between 0 and 255, separated by periods, which represent both the network and the host machine.

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ELECTRONIC MAIL – It is a system that allow user to send and receive messages and data through the internet. SMTP is the protocol that ensures this system of sending and receiving information work smoothly. A client program is used to read mail, reply to mail and send new messages. Messages can contain text as well as other file types, which are encoded and decoded by MIME.

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URL (UNIFORM RESOURE LOCATOR) – It provides a standard, hierarchical way of identifying and locating internet resources on the World Wide Web. URLs include letters, numbers, and punctuation.

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TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP/IP) – TCP/IP is a suite ,or family of protocols that govern the way data is transmitted across networks. TCP/IP protocols work together to break the data into small pieces that can be efficiently handled by the network, communicate the destination of the data to the network, verify the receipt of the data on the other end of the transmission, and reconstruct the data in its original form.

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FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP) – FTP is the protocol or set of rules, that enables file to be transferred from one computer to another. It is the part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Files that are available for FTP are stored on computers called FTP servers. An FTP client program is an interface that allow the user to locate the file(s) to be transferred and initiate and transfer process.

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WEB INDEX – A web index is design to assist users with locating information on the World Wide Web. Web indexes are also sometimes referred to as a catalogues or directories. A web index collects and organises resources available via the world wide web. Most web indexes allow users to not only to identify a particular resources of interest, but also actually link directly to the resource from the index.

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Presented By :- Aakashdeep Singh Baghel X ‘A’ 01 A