OB presentation

POWER & POLITICS : 

POWER & POLITICS Submitted to: Dr. Charushri Submitted by: Group -5

Introduction : 

Introduction Power impacts organizational life work attitude motivation communication Retention Knowing how power functions is important

What is Power : 

What is Power Interpersonal (or intergroup) relationship in which one individual (or group) can cause another individual (or group) to take an action that it would not otherwise take. A capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B, so that B acts in accordance with A’s wishes. Power : A function of Dependency:

Stages of Power : 

Stages of Power

Relationship b/w Leadership-Authority-power : 

Relationship b/w Leadership-Authority-power Power is closely related to leadership and authority Leadership Authority Power

Bases of Power : 

Bases of Power Formal Power/Position Power: -Based on individual’s position in an organization. Types: Coercive Power Reward Power Legitimate Power Information power

Slide 7: 

Personal Power: -It is based on characteristic of an individual Types: Expert Power Referent Power Persuasion Power Charisma

Dependency: A Key to Power : 

Dependency: A Key to Power “The greater B’s dependency on A, the greater the power A has over B” What creates dependency? Dependency is increased when the resources you control are: Important Scarce Nonsubstitutable

Power Tactics : 

Power Tactics Ways in which individuals translate power bases into specific actions. 9 Influence Tactics: Legitimacy Rational Persuasion Inspirational Appeals Consultation Exchange Personal Appeals Ingratiation Pressure Coalitions

Preferred Power Tactics by Influence Direction : 

Preferred Power Tactics by Influence Direction Upward Influence Downward Lateral Influence Influence Rational Persuasion Rational Persuasion Rational Persuasion Inspirational Appeals Consultation Pressure Ingratiation Consultation Exchange Ingratiation Legitimacy Exchange Personnel Appeals Legitimacy

Politics/Political Behavior : 

Politics/Political Behavior Organizational politics is all about--actions not officially approved by an organization that are taken to influence others to meet one's personal goals. Organizational politics does involve planning one's self-interest above the interests of the organization.

Types: Of Political Behavior : 

Types: Of Political Behavior Legitimate Political Behavior -Normal everyday politics. Illegitimate Political Behavior -Extreme political behavior that violates the implied rules of the game.

Factors Influencing Political Behavior : 

Factors Influencing Political Behavior Organizational Factors Reallocation of Resources Promotion Opportunities Low Trust Role Ambiguity Zero sum reward Practice Democratic decision making High performance pressure Self serving senior managers Political behavior Low High Rewards Averted Punishments Favorable outcomes Individual factors High self-monitors Internal locus of control High Mach personality Organizational investment Perceived job alternatives Expectations of success

Employee Responses to Organizational Politics : 

Employee Responses to Organizational Politics Organizational Politics May Threaten Employees. Decreased Job Satisfaction Increased Anxiety and Stress Increased Turnover Reduced Performance

Defensive Behaviors on Politics : 

Defensive Behaviors on Politics When people perceive politics as a threat rather than a opportunity, they often respond with defensive behaviors- to avoid action to avoid blame To avoid charge

Impression Management : 

Impression Management The process by which individuals attempt to control the impression others form of them. Impression Management Techniques: Conformity Excuses Apologies Self-Promotion Flattery Favors Association

Global Implications : 

Global Implications Politics Perceptions -When people see their work environment as political, negative consequences in their overall work attitude result. Preference for Power Tactics -People in different countries tend to prefer different power tactics. Effectiveness of Power Tactics

The Dark Side of Power and Politics : 

The Dark Side of Power and Politics Power and politics often have negative connotations because people associate them with attempts to use organizational resources for personal advantage and to achieve personal goals at the expense of other goals.

The Bright Side : 

The Bright Side Managers can use power to control people and other resources so that they cooperate and help to achieve an organization’s current goals. Managers can use power to engage in politics and influence the decision-making process to help promote new, more appropriate organizational goals.