community problem analysis presentation

Community problem analysis:

Community problem analysis 4/7/2011 1 marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Slide 2:

4/7/2011 marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com 2

Problem analysis:

4/7/2011 3 Problem analysis Problem analysis uses cause -effect relations between the negative aspects of an existing situation. The problem could result from a broad range of causes e.g. low milk production could result from poor pasture, diseases and poor management practices. marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Problem tree process:

4/7/2011 4 Problem tree process Problem tree is a process of problem analysis Identification of core problem Use of cards to list problem you identify as core to development challenge Each participant explains why he or she considers a certain problem to be core Analysis of the core problem Causes of first level of the problem are developed Analysis of the effects of the core problem This effect leads to what marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Objective tree analysis:

4/7/2011 5 Objective tree analysis Uses the problem tree principle All problems translated into objectives i.e. positive forms of the problems E.g. ‘low milk production’ is converted into ‘increased milk production’. Low rainfall does not lead into an objective marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Process of objective tree analysis:

4/7/2011 6 Process of objective tree analysis Examine to determine which problem can simply be reversed into objectives by restating negative condition into positive Not all causal relationships are simply reversible Some problems in the problem tree are actually symptoms of other deeper problems marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Development of community action plans (CAP):

4/7/2011 7 Development of community action plans (CAP) CAP a summary of communities intentions to address identified needs CAP has problem being adressed, targets reflected in objectives and activities, what to measure (indicators)and ways of tracking progresss,resources and overall management of the programme marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Priority problems:

4/7/2011 8 Priority problems Community identifies priority problem . Determine the interventions Deeper analysis of each of the causes provides the most viable point of intervention marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Opportunities:

4/7/2011 9 Opportunities Opportunities are resources and other advantages existing in a given area (also external to an area but appropriate) and which have potential to improve an existing negative situation For every problem what are potential resources and possibilities for resolving them Investigate why the community has not been able to address the problem using identified resources in order to get a better understanding of the constraints Match each problem with identified opportunities marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

0bjectives:

4/7/2011 10 0bjectives Objectives are specific intentions to address a specific problem (SMART) E.g. Raise use of certified seed from 20 to 50 % in focal area B by end of 2010 To increase milk production from 30% to 70% in area zone B by the end of 2010 marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Activities and appraisals:

4/7/2011 11 Activities and appraisals A number of activities are selected to achieve a set objective. The selected activities have to be relevant Communities propose the activities necessary to achieve the targets they have set through the objective Technical team appraises the activities based on relevance, appropriateness, economic, social, environmental and institutional aspects Select the best of activities from each objectives marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Indicators:

4/7/2011 12 Indicators Indicators are measures or variables that track and capture changes in an intervention E.g. production figures Indirect indicators e.g. high family income Good indicators. Verifiable-can be checked Specific-measures particular changes related to the project objectives Factual- means the same to every one Valid- measures what they are supposed to measure Reliable and objective Relevant-relates to the project objective Sensitive- reflects changes in the situation being observed marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Resources:

4/7/2011 13 Resources These include financial, material and human resources needed to successfully execute a program Discusses each activity at a time and establishes the kind of resources needed to implement it marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Who to provide:

4/7/2011 14 Who to provide This captures commitments for resource provision clearly stating nature and levels of resources Community discusses what they are able to provide but also areas that require external input Community and team discuss and develop mechanisms for mobilizing resources marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Responsibility and time frame:

4/7/2011 15 Responsibility and time frame Roles shared between community and other stakeholders Time frame- Specific periods for each activity Who to follow –those directly responsible to follow up commitments made to ensure they are finally honoured. marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com

Thanks for listening:

Thanks for listening The end 4/7/2011 marc wani antioko2007@yahoo.com 16