FINAL PPT PRA WAGHMARE

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8 th Annual National Seminar On Social Work Response to HIV / AIDS February, 24 - 26, 2011 Jointly Organized by * School of Social Work, Indira Gandhi National Open University, IGNOU, New Delhi. * CSRD - ISWR, Ahmednagar . * National Association of Professional Social Workers in India - NAPSWI. Co – Hosted by PJN College of Social Work, Amalner Dist. Jalgaon , Maharashtra.

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Application of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) Methods by Trainee Social Workers for the Practice of Social Work Methods . By Prof. Vijaykumar B. Waghmare Faculty Member PJN College of Social Work Amalner , Dist. Jalgaon .(M.S.)

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Introduction :- Though the concept of social work is old, yet its need was more felt and it got recognition after two world wars. Since then many new concepts, methods, tools and techniques have enrolled in the field. Social Work is a form of professional service to needy people is very much youngest in India, its inception in the year 1936. Social Work is mainly practical job. The Social Worker deals with the needs of people through the six methods. Case Work Group Work Community Organization Social Work Research Social Welfare Administration Social Action

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Definition of Social Work :- These methods has been practiced with the definition of Social Work education in July 2001 by International Association of schools of Social Work and adapted by International Federation of Social Workers. “The s ocial w ork profession promotes s ocial change, problem solving in human relationships and empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. Utilizing theories of human behavior and Social Systems, Social Work intervenes at the point where people interact with their environments. Principles of human rights and Social Justice are fundamental to Social Work .” The objectives of Social Work education is imparting knowledge, skill and attitude in the Social Workers by its uniqueness of curriculum.

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Place of field work in Social Work Education Field work is a “heart” of Social Work education is widely accepted. Field work training is an important element in Social Work Curriculum. Field training is both problem and method oriented. In the Indian schools of Social Work, emphasis is given on method-oriented- training that is imparted at the under-graduate and post-graduate level. Most of the school field work training is oriented towards the Case work and Group Work. Another basic methods namely Community Organization, Social Action and other auxiliary methods are also neglected. Training are placed in well established and highly structured organization are Case Work and Group Work Training. My views are not to critic the importance of such practices but go beyond and extend our training and orientation of field work practice. These views also supported by and in NAAC, manual for self study of Social Work institutions, by stating following components of field work practicum.

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The Field Work Practicum Components * Life skill workshop * Organization visits * Concurrent field work * Social field work * Social work skill workshops * Rural / Tribal camp * Study tour These are field work practicum components to provide the training to students of Social Work. The Trainee Social Workers, faculty supervisors, agency supervisors actively participates in planning organization and direction of learning opportunities. All these intervention are mainly for problem solving and development of clients and community.

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Participatory Rural Appraisal It is an approach towards empowering the poor and marginalized communities through seeking their participation . In India during 1970-80, development intervention approaches started pursuing participatory approaches, and evolves the Participation Rural Appraisal (PRA) techniques and methodology with its unique philosophy and tools. The PRA, can be defined as follows. PRA is methodology for interaction with Villagers or Community , understanding them and learning from them. It includes a set of principles, process of communicating with them using a set of menu of methods for seeking community participation. PRA is unique at its best of use of local graphic representations created by the community that ultimate local knowledge and promote empowerment. The Participatory Approaches like PRA developed in response to concerns regarding a top down approach to developing strategies for addressing local concerns . PRA can empower women, poor and disadvantaged gyring them more control over their lives. More details can be learned regarding PRA and now known as PLA.

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Three Pillars of PRA ATTITUDE BEHAVIOUR CHANGE METHODS SHARING TOOLS

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PRINCIPLES OF PRA Participation Attitudes Learning's Triangulation Flexibility and Innovation Facilitating – they do it Self Critical Awareness & Responsibility Sharing

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Tools & Techniques OF PRA Observational Tools Visual Tools Discussion Tools Participant Observation Social Mapping Focus Group Discussion Do it Yourself Chapatti Diagram Semi–Structured Transect Walks Seasonality Interviews Time Line Resource Mapping Daily Activity Chart

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Do’s & Don’ts in PRA Do’s * Introduce yourselves * Develop good rapport with people * Clarify the purpose of your visit/Study * Use local language/ words ( Keep it simple not academic) * Sit among them (not at a higher/elevated place which may indicate your superiority Don’ts * Do not raise expectation or give promises * Ask one question at a time (one person talk at a time) * Do not confuse people Speak less – listen more * Do not insult the people even if they make mistakes

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Use of PRA by Schools of Social Work PT. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU COLLEGE OF SOCIAL WORK, Amalner Dist. Jalgaon , Affiliated to North Maharashtra University Introduced PRA in the early 2005 in there Academic program. A team of faculty staff members, well-trained in PRA, with experience hands in the field, has been consistently using PRA in its, Research, Concurrent field work Rural Camps , Out Reach Program Training Program

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Use of PRA by Schools of Social Work Initially , PRA was used in Rural camps, later the team expanded it to field work practicum for Application of Social Work Methods i.e. Community Organization, Social Action, Social Work Research, Group Work etc. It has been also used by trainee social workers in Urban Slums also. It is really interesting for trainees to apply in the field. Application of PRA tools by the trainee in their field work has been very much Appreciated by the College M anagement , University Authorities, Govt. officials, NGO’s, C ommunity , Academicians, and Researchers also. Orientation about PRA makes more employable to our trainee Social Workers after completion of their course.

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Benefits to Trainee Social Workers * Develops Participatory Approaches – Attitude and according to that Behavior Change. * Develop Knowledge and Skill of Working with community centered approach, and documentation. * Receives Experience of learning by doing. * Develops Stage Courage and Presentation Skills. * Engages Trainees in learning with fun. * Trainee Social uses these tools and techniques in application of Social Work Methods in the Field. * Develops Confidence and Employability. * Value added nature of learning. * Learns to classify the data according to Time, Space, Preferences, Relationship, and Boundaries.

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Menu of Methods Used Participatory Social Mapping Resource Mapping Venn Diagram (Chapatti Diagram) Seasonality Diagram Time line Daily Activity chart. These are more frequently used methods and tools during camps and field work by trainees. The methods and tools are more than above mentioned can be used by the trainees according the needs and objectives of community and program.

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GO TO THE PEOPLE

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LIVE AMONG THEM

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LEARN WITH THEM

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PLAN WITH THEM

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WORK WITH THEM

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START WITH WHAT THEY KNOW

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BUILD ON WHAT THEY HAVE

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GO TO THE PEOPLE LIVE AMONG THEM LEARN WITH THEM PLAN WITH THEM WORK WITH THEM START WITH WHAT THEY KNOW BUILD ON WHAT THEY HAVE

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THANK YOU