tcp/ip

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Prepared by:- Madhuri Agrawal ISAS

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol :

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

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Introduction History Of TCP/IP IP Address OSI vs TCP/IP model TCP vs UDP Protocols in TCP/IP Encapsulation Of Data Characterstics Of TCP And IP Future Of TCP/IP Conclusion Refrences Overview

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Sender Letter Envelop Mailing address Send it Confirmation Computer Data Packet IP Address TCP A packet is sent back after confirming it was received sucessfully WHAT IS TCP/IP ???? TCP/IP is the first set of protocols used in NETWORK TCP - is responsible for verifying the correct delivery of data from client to server. IP - is responsible for addressing,source and destination.

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The first version of this predecessor of modern TCP was written in 1973, In May 1974, the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) published a paper entitled "A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection."The paper's authors, Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn , described an internetworking protocol for sharing resources using packet-switching among the nodes. A central control component of this model was the "Transmission Control Program" (TCP) The model became known informally as TCP/IP, although formally it was henceforth referenced as the Internet Protocol Suite . History of tcp/ ip

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IP addresses are logical addresses (not physical) IP (Version 4) Addresses are 32 bits long. Four octets of 8 bytes Includes a network ID and a host ID. Every host must have a unique IP address IP Addresses Assigned Statically or Dynamically (DHCP) IP Addresses are usually shown in dotted decimal notation: 18 . 26.0.1 network 32-bits host IP Address 128.213.1.1 10000000 11010101 00000001 00000001

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There are five classes A,B,C,D,E Class D :- For Multicasting Class E :- For Research And Experiment CLASSES OF IP ADDRESSES

OSI AND TCP/IP MODEL :

OSI AND TCP/IP MODEL Application layer Transport layer Internet layer Network interface

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TCP UDP IP Hardware Process Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data-Link Layer Process Process ICMP, ARP & RARP TCP AND UDP

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PROTOCOLS IN TCP/IP

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Encapsulation of data

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Connection-oriented Reliable Full-duplex Stream oriented Data flow managed Buffering CHARACTERSTICS OF TCP

IP FUNCTIONS :

IP FUNCTIONS Connectionless Delivery (each datagram is treated individually). Unreliable (delivery is not guaranteed). Fragmentation / Reassembly Data Encapsulation and Formatting/Packaging Error detection.

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Always evolving: New computer and communication technologies More powerful PCs, portables, PDAs ATM, packet-radio, fiber optic, satellite, cable New applications WWW, electronic commerce, internet broadcasting, chat Increased size and load New policies New industries, new countries Move away from centralized core architecture IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long FUTURE OF TCP/IP

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So Tcp/ ip is now the “standard” protocol used on just about every network including the internet . TCP : transport layer protocol reliable, byte-stream delivery between processes. IP: network layer protocol unreliable datagram delivery between hosts. UDP: transport layer protocol unreliable datagram delivery between processes. Conclusion

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References About IPV6 so- Details available at: ( http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html/ipng-main.html) www.google.com www.TrainSignal.com For more information on ip address assignments,see RF 3330 on Special use IPV4 ADDRESS , [ www.lana.org/assignements / ipvr -address-space .] Information Provided By :-

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