mtn_types

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WHAT IS OROGENY?Processes of mtn building : 

WHAT IS OROGENY?Processes of mtn building Distinctive patterns of deposition eugeocline, miogeocline Deformation Folding and thrust-faulting Metamorphism Intrusions: batholiths, etc Volcanic Activity

TYPES OF MOUNTAINS : 

TYPES OF MOUNTAINS Volcanic: Shield and composite Fault-block: normal faulting and tension Folded: reverse faults and compression Complex: mixture of most of the above

Slide 3: 

Mauna Kea Shield volcano Hot Spot Basalt Mauna Loa in Background Kilaeua is Behind Mauna Loa

Slide 4: 

Kilaeua Newest ground in The world Asthenosphere coming To the surface

Slide 5: 

Composite Volcano Mt Rainier Compressive forces Subduction zones Andesitic composition

Slide 6: 

Guagua Pichincha, Ecuador Quito in foreground Composite volcanoes explosive

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Normal fault Footwall moves Up relative to Hanging wall Tension forces FOOTWALL HANGING WALL

Slide 8: 

Tilted fault-block range: Sierra Nevada from east, Steep side of block fault; Ansel Adams photo

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Tilted Fault-block Sierra Nevada from west Side, low angle Yosemite valley the result Of glaciation on low-angle relief

Slide 10: 

Wasatch Range From Salt Lake City Typically fault- Block system

Slide 11: 

Grand Tetons: Another fault-block system

Slide 12: 

Alternating normal faults lead to a characteristic pattern called a Horst and Graben system. An area under tension will often have Multiple mountain ranges as a result.

Slide 13: 

Basin and range province: tilted fault-block mountains in Nevada. The results of a horst and graben system. Nevada is under tension Because of rising magma which is unzipping the system, all the way From Baja California Sierra Nevada and Wasatch Ranges part of this system

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REVERSE FAULTS: Hanging wall moves up relative to footwall Result of compression: plates colliding Two types: low-angle or thrust faults, and high-angle reverse faults Individual layers can move 100’s of kilometers Alps are a great example

Slide 15: 

Thrust faults main cause Of folded mountains

Slide 16: 

Appalachian Mountains of the US

Slide 17: 

Atlas Mountains, Northern Africa

Slide 18: 

Classic folded terrain: well-developed anticline

Slide 19: 

ZAGROS MTS PERSIAN GULF Alternating Anticlines and Synclines

Slide 20: 

High-angle reverse faults Forms “Sawtooth Mtns” Flatirons classic example Sawtooth effect result of Differential erosion

Slide 21: 

White Cloud peak SAWTOOTH RANGE, IDAHO Alice Lake

Slide 22: 

COMPLEX MOUNTAINS Tend to have a little of Everything: volcanoes, Folds, thrust faults, normal faults ALPS HIMALAYAS