heart attack

Attack : 

A. Shanish Antony., M.Pharm., (PhD)., M.Sc (clin. Psychology)., Lecturer Dept: of Pharmacology JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty. The Heart Attack

The Human Heart : 

The Human Heart

The Human Heart Cont.... : 

The Human Heart Cont.... Is a muscle about the size of your fist Weighs approximately 250-300 gms Is located behind and slightly to the left of the breastbone Pumps about 5 quarts (4.7 liters) of blood every minute It supplies blood up to 1,00,000 Km throughout our body.

What is Heart Disease? : 

What is Heart Disease? Cardiovascular disease (or CVD) includes heart and blood vessel diseases — diseases that affect the circulatory system. Coronary heart disease (heart attack) Cerebrovascular disease (stroke and TIA) High blood pressure Congestive heart failure Congenital cardiovascular defects Peripheral vascular disease

What is Atherosclerosiswhat is coronary artery disease? : 

What is Atherosclerosiswhat is coronary artery disease?

Slide 6: 

PRIMARY SITES OF INVOLVEMENT Femoral & Popliteal arteries: 80-90% Tibial & Peroneal arteries: 40-50% Aorta & Iliac arteries: 30%

What is heart attack : 

What is heart attack

Myth : fat deposits at old age! It starts from 2 years of age : 

Myth : fat deposits at old age! It starts from 2 years of age From First Decade From Third Decade From Fourth Decade

First attack : 

First attack

Common Symptoms : 

Common Symptoms

The experiencing symptoms : 

The experiencing symptoms Tightness of chest and back regions Light headedness Abnormal sweating Shortness of breath Radiating pain from left hand fingers to shoulder Neck and jaw pain and tightness Pale discolouration of face and chest Difficult breathing Vomiting Loss of consciousness

How Big is the Problem ? : 

How Big is the Problem ? No. 1 killer disease worldwide . 12 Million deaths annually During last 30 years large declines in developed countries -rising health awareness and government programmes Alarming increase in developing countries especially India

Why Should I (Indian) be Worried ? : 

Why Should I (Indian) be Worried ? Indians More susceptible that any other ethnic group 3.4 times more than Americans 6 times more than Chinese 20 times more than Japanese Occurs at lower cholesterol Get the disease at much younger age 5-10 years earlier than other communities Disease follows more severe and malignant course 3 times higher rate of second heart attack and two times higher mortality than whites

Why Me ? : 

Why Me ? Genetic predisposition Poor handling of fats and metabolic syndrome Diabetes, obesity, high BP, Coronary artery disease Environmental insults Urbanization Sudden change in lifestyle

What Increases Risk? : 

What Increases Risk? You can’t help it ! Age: Men > 45; Women > 55 Sex Race Family History You can !! High Cholesterol Smoking High Blood Pressure Diabetes Obesity Alcohol Physical Inactivity

Cholesterol ( A type of fat) : 

Cholesterol ( A type of fat) Everybody needs cholesterol, it serves a vital function in the body. It circulates in the blood. Too much cholesterol can deposit in the arteries in the form of plaque and block them No symptoms till heart attack

Where does it come from ? : 

Where does it come from ?

Cigarette Smoking : 

Cigarette Smoking Increases blood pressure Decreases HDL Damages arteries and blood cells Increases heart attacks Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 chemicals, and 200 of these chemicals are poisonous

Cigarette Smoking : 

Cigarette Smoking

If you think YOU are smoking the cigarette, you are mistaken… It’s the other way round ! : 

If you think YOU are smoking the cigarette, you are mistaken… It’s the other way round !

Diabetes : 

Diabetes At any given cholesterol level, diabetic persons have a 2 or 3 x higher risk of heart attack or stroke A diabetic is more likely to die of a heart attack than a non-diabetic ~80% Diabetics die from heart disease Risk of sudden death from a heart attack for a diabetic is the same as that of someone who has already had a heart attack.

Obesity : 

Obesity

Alcohol Consumption : 

Alcohol Consumption In small amounts it is beneficial: 1-2 drinks In large amounts it adds fat and calories & raises BP! 4 drinks per day. You end up with gastroenterologist instead of cardiologist This is a very fine line! Finer for women as they are at higher risk

Physical Inactivity : 

Physical Inactivity ….. and my body laughs at the idea

Creative strategies do not work ! : 

Creative strategies do not work ! Karva Chauth! Never had a test or retest Never been to Doctor ! I hate them Never take medicines! My BP is normal, so stopped meds! Miracle men and Miracle Medicines! So many of them I am my own doctor! No fees too

Preventing Heart Disease Rule #1 Look before your eat : 

Preventing Heart Disease Rule #1 Look before your eat

Preventing Heart Disease Rule #2 Exercise : 

Preventing Heart Disease Rule #2 Exercise Moderate to intense physical activity for 30-45 minutes on most days of the week is recommended

Exercise, Exercise, Exercise : 

Exercise, Exercise, Exercise Mortality is halved in retired men who walk more than two miles every day Regular exercise can halve the risk of heart disease, particularly in men who walk briskly Someone who is inactive has as great a risk of having heart disease as someone who smokes, has high blood pressure or has high cholesterol Exercise significantly reduces the chances of diabetes and stroke With regular exercise, blood pressure in those with hypertension is reduced by as much as 20mms Hg

Walking for a healthy heart : 

Walking for a healthy heart JUST WALK!

Rule # 3 Stop Smoking NOW! : 

Rule # 3 Stop Smoking NOW!

Drink sufficient water : 

Drink sufficient water

Reduce your stress : 

Reduce your stress

Benefits much beyond Heart Disease : 

Benefits much beyond Heart Disease

EMERGENCY : 

EMERGENCY

CPR Position Nitroglycerine : 

CPR Position Nitroglycerine GTN-Sorbitrate Angised