Mammals 210

Class: Mammals : 

Class: Mammals Ancestors: reptiles Appearance: Mesozoic era, Triassic period First mammal were small, nocturnal insectivores.

Slide 2: 

Bumblebee bat  Blue whale

Typical features : 

Typical features Hair/Fur Mammary glands Diaphragm Red blood cells with no nucleus Well developed cerebrum, midbrain 3 auditory ossicles: hammer, anvil, stirrup 7 cervical bones

Typical features: : 

Typical features: Pinna / auricle Lung with alveoli Different types of teeth: incisor, canine, molar Teeth and skull show the type of feeding!

Integumentary system : 

Integumentary system Keratinized stratified epithelium Many types of glands in dermis (sweat glands, sebaceous glands) and appendages (hair – fur; claw; nail etc.) Sweat glands are important in cooling the body and excretion Sebaceous glands produce water-proof oil alteration: mammary glands: produce milk (nipple=mellbimbó, teat=emlő)

Hair/Fur: keratinized appendage of skin : 

Hair/Fur: keratinized appendage of skin

Slide 7: 

Lumens of sweat gland

Slide 9: 

claw finger hoof horn antler

Unicorn : 

Unicorn

Digestive system : 

Diverse diet Real rooted tooth Different types: Incisor Canine Molar Digestive system

Slide 12: 

Complete teeth Defective teeth Omnivorous Bunodont molars Separate, rounded hillocks Predacious/ Crested molars Cornical in shape Insectivorous homonym Herbivorous Pleated molars Flat and ridget crowns Rodents

Moutain lion : 

Moutain lion

horse : 

horse

Wild boar : 

Wild boar

Slide 16: 

Taste with tongue Tastebuds Salivary glands - saliva Pancreas – pancreatic juice Liver – bile Stomach – gastric juice Intestine – intestinal juice Ruminant mammals: Complex stomach Rumen = bendő Reticulum = recés gyomor omasum = százrétű gyomor Abomasum = oltógyomor

Excretory system : 

Excretory system Paired kidneys Circulatory system 4 chambered heart, 2 loos Pulmonary Systemic Red blood cells with no nuclei Endothermic animals human fish

Respiratory system : 

Respiratory system Well developed lungs Alveoli Respiration with muscles and diaphragm Diaphragm has an important role in respiration (it contracts and flattens during inhalation) and it separates the thorax and the abdomen

Nervous system : 

Nervous system Well developed sensation – cerebrum, midbrain 3 auditory ossicles: hammer, anvil, stirrup Bats, dolphins - ultrasonic

Reproductive system : 

Reproductive system Monosexual Sexual dimorphism Internal ferilisation metamorphosis Developing depends on classification (order) Monotremes/ Egg-laying mammals : lay soft shelled eggs Marsupials/ Pouched mammals : uterus but no placenta Placental mammals: uterus and placenta

Taxonomy : 

Taxonomy 3 subclasses: 1.) Monotremes or Egg-laying mammals 2.) Marsupials or Pouched mammals 3.) Placental mammals

1st subclass: Monotremes : 

1st subclass: Monotremes They lay soft-shelled, large-yolked eggs like reptiles, have cloaca and lack teeth. Now only live in Australia, Tasmania, New-Guinea. e.g. duckbilled platypus echidna=spiny anteater

2nd subclass: Marsupials : 

2nd subclass: Marsupials They have a uterus (womb) but no placenta. They have a protective pouch around the female’s nipple. They give birth to a very primitive embryo-like youth called joey after a short gestation period. Distribution Central- and South-America: opossum Australia e.g. kangaroo, wallaby, wombat, koala

wombat : 

wombat

Tasmanian devil : 

Tasmanian devil

opossum : 

opossum

3rd subclass: Placental mammals : 

3rd subclass: Placental mammals Order of Insectivores: mole, hedgehog, shrew O. of Carnivores: badger, otter, weasel, hyaena O. of Rodents: squirrel, dormouse, vole, beaver O. of Primates: all monkeys, apes + humans O. of Odd-toed Ungulates:tapir,rhinoceros,horse O. of Even-toed Ungulates: bison/buffalo, wildebeest/gnu, camel, hippopotamus O. of Cetaceans: whales and dolphins O. of Fin-footed mammals: seal, walrus(rozmár) O. of Bats etc.

shrew : 

shrew

hedgehog : 

hedgehog

Skull of a lion : 

Skull of a lion

mouse : 

mouse

porpoiseand dolphin : 

porpoiseand dolphin

walrus : 

walrus

Ruminants (e.g.sheep) : 

Ruminants (e.g.sheep)

rhinoceros : 

rhinoceros