verb-tenses-

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TENSES AND YOU Prepared by: Ms. CHANDAN MEET T.G.T ENGLISH DL DAV SHALIMAR BAGH

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This study material can be used by teachers as well as students. This material is basically meant for students of class VII and can be used in modules for class VI also. This presentation enhances the grasping power of the students as it not only provides the definitions , structures and examples but through their pictorial or animated description, aids the teaching – learning process. Exercises have been attached to each concept so that students can apply the concepts and check their understanding.

How to use these slides : 

How to use these slides To move in the main sequence (eg. To move from simple present to simple past )PRESS SPACE BAR. To move to exercises , uses etc, click where the direction is given. For example on words like – Use , exercise , exercise on simple present etc. WARNING : NEVER PRESS SPACE BAR AFTER AN EXERCISE OR SLIDE OF USES AS YOU MAY NOT BE ABLE TO COME BACK TO THE MAIN SEQUENCE.

Glossary : 

Glossary Here certain terms are explained to help you understand better : Verbs : Word used to express an action or state. V1 – First or base form of verb, eg. Do V2 – Second or past form of verb, eg. did. V3 – Third or past participle for of verb, eg. Done. page1

GLOSSARY : 

GLOSSARY SUB – SUBJECT – The part which names the person or thing we are speaking about . SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT (click on the following to understand) FOR SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE FOR PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE FOR PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE FOR PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

What are tenses ? : 

What are tenses ? Tenses describe an action along with it’s time.

TIME CAN BE OF THREE TYPES : 

TIME CAN BE OF THREE TYPES PRESENT

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P A S T

FUTURE : 

FUTURE

TENSES ARE OF4TYPES : 

TENSES ARE OF4TYPES

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Tenses Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect continuous

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AND 3 X 4 = 12 SO THERE ARE 12 TYPES OF TENSES

SIMPLE PRESENT : 

SIMPLE PRESENT This tense is used to describe actions which take place in the present. But no definite time is given. SUB + V1 (s/es) Examples : Suresh writes neatly. Mona plays football. uses

SIMPLE PAST : 

SIMPLE PAST 1) Hi Rahul . Where were you yesterday? 3) Did you enjoy ? 2) I went to my village. 4) Oh ! I enjoyed so much that I didn’t want to return. Simple past tense describes an action that took place at a time in the past. SUB + V2 (see the underlined verbs) exercise on simple past

SIMPLE FUTURE : 

SIMPLE FUTURE Simple future describes an action which will take place at a time in the future. : SUB + WILL/SHALL + V1 Eg. I shall play in the evening. (intention) Brazil will win the match. (prediction) Exercise on simple future Lets go to a hill station next week. Yes, all my friends will go out of town . It will be very cold. The snow is going to fall there. Are your friends also going somewhere?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS : 

PRESENT CONTINUOUS This tense describes actions which continue or go on for some time in the present SUB + IS/AM/ARE + V1 + ING Examples : I am teaching grammar. We are studying tenses. Exercise on present continuous

PAST CONTINUOUS : 

PAST CONTINUOUS This tense describes actions which continued or were going on for some time in the past. SUB + WAS / WERE + V1 + ING Examples : Children were playing in the park yesterday . I was sleeping when you called. (extra ‘gyan’) Exercise on past continuous

FUTURE CONTINUOUS : 

FUTURE CONTINUOUS This tense is used to describe actions which continue for some time in the future. SUB + WILL / SHALL + BE + V1 + ING Examples : I shall be packing for the journey later. Mridul will be coming home in the evening. Exercise on future continuous

PRESENT PERFECT : 

PRESENT PERFECT This tense is used for actions which start and finish in the present time. SUB + HAS / HAVE + V3 It is used in the following circumstances: When an action is completed in the near present or just now. Click on example to understand . When an action started earlier and continued up till the moment of speaking. Click on example to understand . When an action happened earlier but its effect is there in the present. Click on example to understand . exercise on present perfect

Past perfect : 

Past perfect This tense is used for actions that finished in the past ,but even before another action in past only. SUB + HAD + V3 Example : I had solved the sum when the class began. sum solved class began now _____|_________________|____________| 10 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 11 a.m. past in past past present < - time line - > USE (click to understand)

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FUTURE PERFECT This tense is used for actions which will finish by a certain time in future. SUB + WILL / SHALL +HAVE + V3 Example : I shall have finished the painting by Wednesday. Sunday Tuesday wednesday |---------------------|--------------------| Time of speaking painting finished < ---------time line---------- > exercise

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PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS This tense is used for actions which started earlier and are going on in the present. (no information about when they will finish is given) SUB + HAS / HAVE + V1 + ING Example : I have been playing for two hours. Click here to understand better

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Past perfect continuous This tense is used to describe actions that started at a time in the past and continued for sometime in the past only. SUB + HAD + BEEN + V1 + ING I had been working for ten hours before leaving the office. Exercise on past perfect continuous

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Future perfect continuous This tense is used when before a particular time in the future, an action starts and continues after that time also. SUB + WILL / SHALL + HAVE + BEEN + V1 + ING Click here to understand end show

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YOUR ROUTINE You go to school by bus. You study till 1 p.m. You play in the evening. You sleep at 10 p.m.

LIKES / DISLIKES : 

LIKES / DISLIKES PROVERBS All that glitters is not gold. HABITS I study at 4P.M. in the evening. UNVERSAL TRUTHS The Sun rises in the East. Back Exercise on simple present I LIKE RAINBOWS I ENJOY DANCING

USE OF PAST CONTINUOUS : 

USE OF PAST CONTINUOUS Past continuous is also used to describe a time period within which an action took place. Example : Ramesh was studying when Rohan returned.   Rohan returned --------------------|---------------------------------------   < ---time period for which Ramesh was studying---> back

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Exercise on simple present Describe your routine. Example : I get up at 5 in the morning . I reach school by 7.30 and study till 1 P.M. in the afternoon. back

Exercise on simple past tense : 

Exercise on simple past tense Describe what you did yesterday with second or past form of following verbs : play study go sleep help back

Answer the following questions using the structure of simple future tense : : 

Answer the following questions using the structure of simple future tense : What will you do in your holidays? eg. I shall sleep a lot during my holidays. Will you study a little bit? Will you join some hobby classes ? back

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Use the following words and form sentences of the actions going on in the picture: Subject : boy , bird , teacher Verb : write , teach , fly Exercise on present continuous back

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EXERCISE ON PAST CONTINUOUS This is a picture of the party you attended yesterday. Now describe to your friend what was going o n in the party. Eg. Uncle Tom was snoring in the middle of the party. back

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Exercise on Future continuous Identify the use of simple future and future continuous in the paragraph given above. Difference between simple future and future continuous back

Simple future and continuous : 

Simple future and continuous Simple future describes an action which will take place in future. Example : I will bake a cake in the evening. I shall study on Sunday. Future continuous is used when an action is described in relation to a future time around which that action will be going on. Example : When you return, I will be baking a cake. Don’t come on Sunday as I shall be studying . back

I have completed the answer just now. : 

I have completed the answer just now. back

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Oh hello M r. Dubey ! I have seen you after such a long time. Last time I saw you in 1997 Oh yes. I got a job in Goa in 1997. We have lived there for ten years . back

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A truck has hit my car back

Exercise on present perfect : 

Exercise on present perfect State whether correct or incorrect : I have seen the Taj Mahal yesterday. a) correct b) incorrect 2) She have gone just now. a) correct b) incorrect 3) Puja is having a car. a) correct b) incorrect 4) They have left just now. a) correct b) incorrect back

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started still continue playing playing playing |-----|-----------------------|---------------------- > 2 p.m. -> 4 p.m. (time of speaking) Use of since and for exercise back

BRAVO ! : 

BRAVO ! BACK

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BACK

You have done it again ! : 

You have done it again ! back

Marvelous ! : 

Marvelous ! back

Oops! : 

Oops! ‘ I have seen the Taj Mahal yesterday.’ Here ‘have seen’ refers to present time and the word ‘yesterday’ to past and both cannot come together in one sentence. The correct sentence is : I have seen the Taj Mahal. Or I saw the Taj Mahal yesterday. back

Try again : 

Try again ‘She have gone to Australia’ Along with singular third person pronoun( she) we use has and not have Correct sentence: She has gone to Australia. BACK

BETTER LUCK NEXT TIME ! : 

BETTER LUCK NEXT TIME ! INCORRECT ‘Puja is having a car’ Having means the action of eating. CORRECT ‘Puja has a car.’ In sentences related to Possession Relationship Health has / have is used. Eg : I have a book. She has a brother. back

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WHY ? BACK

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Use of past perfect tense 7 p.m. 9 p.m. 7 p.m. 9 p.m. When there are two actions, both in past, then past perfect tense is used to describe the action which took place first and simple past tense is used to describe the action which took place later. Example : John had cooked (past perfect) the meal when the guests arrived(simple past). Use of past perfect back Food cooked Guests arrived exercise

Exercise on past perfect : 

Exercise on past perfect Join the sentences using past perfect tense: Eg. I reached the station (8 a.m.). The train left (7: 50 a.m.) Answer : The train had left when I reached the station. I completed the essay (10 a.m.). The bell rang (10:05 a.m.). The movie began (3 p.m.). Arun reached the theatre (3:30 p.m.) . The doctor arrived (5 a.m.). The patient died (4 a.m.). back

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Exercise on future perfect W hen my parents return The cake will have finished The movie will have begun In fifty years I shall have read the book Before the party begins Before we reach the theatre I shall have gone to sleep When the school reopens Man will have made homes on the Moon back Match the columns and make complete sentences :

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Exercise on present perfect continuous Rewrite the following sentences using present perfect continuous along with since or for : Eg . Children are writing the answer. began(9 a.m.) now (11 a.m.) Children have been writing the answer for 2 hrs. The workers are digging the road. began(morning) now(?) The company is constructing a bridge. began(2005) now(?) Rahul is painting. Began(2 p.m.) now(5p.m.) back

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Difference between since and for SINCE Since is used when we know only the point in time when the action began Eg. Morning , Monday, 1997 etc. It shows the time when the action began For example : I have been studying since morning. Studied for how much Time ? DON’T KNOW FOR For is used when we know the point when the action began and the period for which it continued Eg. Two hours, 10 days,century It answers the following question For how much time did the action continue ? Eg. I have been studying for five days. Studied for how much time? 5 days back

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With the help of the hints given form sentences using past perfect continuous : a) Cleaning – afternoon c) working on the computer - Monday b) Howling – 5 hours d) reading – ten days back

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The worker will have been digging the ground before the vehicles start coming. |--------|-------------------|---------------------------------------------- > 7 a.m. 9 a.m. Continues digging starts digging vehicles after vehicles come come Exercise back

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Exercise on future perfect continuous Join the hints to form complete sentences 1 I Running --- the race--- b) he finish I shall have been running when he finishes the race. Click for next

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2 Neeta sleeping b) we return 3 a) The teacher teaching ---the class----b) you reach back

SUBJECT-VERB AGREMENT FOR SIMPLE PRESENT : 

SUBJECT-VERB AGREMENT FOR SIMPLE PRESENT back

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT FOR PRESENT CONTINUOUS : 

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT FOR PRESENT CONTINUOUS back

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT FOR PAST CONTINUOUS : 

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT FOR PAST CONTINUOUS back

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT FOR PRESENT PERFECT : 

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT FOR PRESENT PERFECT back

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Thank you !