the quran final

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The Quran is the Arabic Speech of Allah, which He revealed to Prophet Muhammad in wording and meaning, and has been preserved in the mushafs, and has reached us by mutawaatir transmission, and is a challenge to mankind to produce something similar to it. Islamic Meaning

Linguistic Meaning : 

Linguistic Meaning Quran root word is QARA’A meaning read or recite. Hence, Quran means “the reading” or the “recitation” “And (it is) a Quran which We have divided (into parts), in order that you might recite it to men at intervals” 17:106

Quran (recitation) mentioned 73 times 17:88Kitab (book) mentioned 77 times (2:1-2)Furqan (Criterion) 4 times Dhikr (Reminder) mentioned 55 timesTanzeel (Revelation) over 140 times : 

NAMES OF THE QURAN Quran (recitation) mentioned 73 times 17:88Kitab (book) mentioned 77 times (2:1-2)Furqan (Criterion) 4 times Dhikr (Reminder) mentioned 55 timesTanzeel (Revelation) over 140 times

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Islam holds that the Qur’an was revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibrīl (Gabriel) from 610 CE to his death in 632 CE.Followers of Islam further believe that the Qur’an was written down by Muhammad's companions while he was alive, although the prime method of transmission was oral.

A Gradual Revelation : 

A Gradual Revelation Wisdom behind gradual revelation 1. To strengthen resolve 25:32 2. To simplify memorization and understanding 3.) To prove the truthfulness of the Prophet 25:33 4.) To prove the miraculous nature of the Quran 4:82 5.) To reveal the laws of Islam

Text of the quran : 

Text of the quran The text of the Qur’an consists of 114 chapters of varying lengths, each known as a sura Each surah consist of several ay’at(verses) There are seven stations(manzil) of quran

Content of the Quran : 

Content of the Quran number of surah, ayat words letters in quran 114 chapters(surah) 6207 verses(ayat)* 77,934 words* 323,671 letters* Main themes: Creed or matters of Belief (Aqeedah) Stories and History Laws

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Revealed Piecemeal from 610-632 Compilation Written down or memorized by Muslims during the lifetime of Muhammad 632 Abu Bakr orders a comprehensive copy made, held by Hafsa, daughter of ‘Umar ‘Uthmanic text: disagreements lead ‘Uthman to order one consonantal text in 650 (on camel parchment). Oldest full test of Quran comes from the mid 900’s The History of the Quran

Preservation of the Quran : 

Preservation of the Quran إِنَّا نَحۡنُ نَزَّلۡنَا ٱلذِّكۡرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ ۥ لَحَـٰفِظُونَ “Verily, We have revealed the Reminder, and verily We shall preserve it.” (15:9)

History of Qur’an : 

History of Qur’an 9th century Qur'an

History in the Prophet(PBUH) era : 

History in the Prophet(PBUH) era According to hadith and Muslim history, after Muhammad migrated to Medina and formed an independent Muslim community, He(SAW) ordered a considerable number of the companions (sahaba) to recite the Qur’an and to learn and teach the laws which were being revealed daily. Companions who engaged in the recitation of the Qur’an were called qurra'. Since most sahaba were unable to read or write, they were ordered to learn from the prisoners-of-war the simple writing of the time. Thus a group of sahaba gradually became literate. , the Qur’an did not exist in book form at the time of Muhammad's death in 632.

Compilation of Quran : 

Compilation of Quran Why wasn’t it compiled during the life of the Prophet(SAW)? The Quran was written down in totality but the Prophet didn’t order that it be compiled between two covers Quran continued to be revealed…last verse nine days before death Quran not in chronological order

Compilation of the Quran : 

Compilation of the Quran Mus'haf by Hazrat Ali(RA) immedediatly after the death of the Holy prophet (SAW). 1st compilation by Abu Bakr in 12 AH after the Battle of Yamaamah 2nd compilation by Uthman 24-25 AH

Quran as a Book : 

Quran as a Book Types of material: Hortatory/didactic: believe, do good deeds, fear God, beware the Day of Judgment, obey God and his Prophet Narrative: tales of Moses, Abraham, Noah, Salih Predictive/Eschatological: fate of believers and unbelievers, creation and end of the world Polemical: claims of Muhammad’s opponents, the failings of the ‘People of the Book’ Doctrinal: the nature of God Legal: less than 500 verses deal with law and ritual Structure of Quran: Not a continuous narrative Contextual ‘azbab al-nuzul = occasions of revelation’ Ellipticalism: assumes audience knowledge Person: God as beyond language… ‘He’, ‘I’ ‘We’ and ‘God’

Book of guidance : 

Book of guidance The Qur'an itself expresses that it is the book of guidance. Therefore it rarely offers detailed accounts of historical events; the text instead typically placing emphasis on the moral significance of an event rather than its narrative sequence.Muslims believe the Qur'an itself to be the main miracle of Muhammad and a proof of his prophethood.

Part of a series on the Qur'an : 

Part of a series on the Qur'an

11th Century North African Qur’an in the British Museum : 

11th Century North African Qur’an in the British Museum

Recitation : 

Recitation “...and recite the Qur’an in slow, measured rhythmic tones.”—Qur'an 73:4  One meaning of Qur’an is "recitation", the Qur’an itself outlining the general method of how it is to be recited: slowly and in rhythmic tones. Tajwid is the term for techniques of recitation, and assessed in terms of how accessible the recitation is to those intent on concentrating on the words.

Three conditions for canonical recitation of the Quran : 

Three conditions for canonical recitation of the Quran A canonical recitation must satisfy three conditions: It must match the rasm, letter for letter. It must conform with the syntactic rules of the Arabic language. It must have a continuous isnad to Muhammad through tawatur, meaning that it has to be related by a large group of people to another down the isnad chain.

Virtue of the Quran : 

Virtue of the Quran The best of you is he who learns the Quran and teaches it to others. (Bukhari) I have certainly left among you two matters, that if you adhere to them, you will never be misguided: the book of Allah and the Sunnah of His prophet (Malik)

Virtue of Quran : 

Virtue of Quran And if there had been a Quran with which mountains could be moved (from their places), or the earth could be cloven asunder, or the dead could be made to speak (it would not have been other than this Quran). But the decision of all things is certainly with Allah. Have not then those who believed yet known that had Allah willed, He could have guided all mankind? 13:31

The oldest Quranic manuscripts : 

The oldest Quranic manuscripts

Page of a 13th century Qur’an, showing Sura 33: 73 : 

Page of a 13th century Qur’an, showing Sura 33: 73

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Page from a Qur’an ('Umar-i Aqta'). Iran, present-day Afghanistan, Timurid dynasty, circa 1400. Opaque watercolor, ink and gold on paper Muqaqqaq script. 170 x 109cm (66 15/16 x 42 15/16in). Historical region: Uzbekistan.

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Quran in Kufic script from the 700’s CE

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Quran from Andalusia (Spain) From the 1100’s CE back

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Quran dated 1341 CE

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Quran dated 641 AH / 1243 CE

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Page from a Quran from the 1st Islamic century/ 7th Century CE

Translations : 

Translations Translation of the Qur’an has always been a problematic and difficult issue. Since Islam regards the Qur’an as miraculous and inimitable (i'jaz al-Qur’an),many argue that the Qur’anic text can not be reproduced in another language or form. Furthermore, an Arabic word may have a range of meanings depending on the context, making an accurate translation even more difficult. Nevertheless, the Qur’an has been translated into most African, Asian and European languages

Translation : 

Translation The first translator of the Qur’an was Salman the Persian, who translated Fatihah into Persian during the 7th century. The first complete translation of Quran was into Persian during the reign of Samanids in the 9th century The Quran is also tranlated in english,afrecian,or some other westren lanuagues .

An Arabic Quran with Persian translation. : 

An Arabic Quran with Persian translation.

May ALLAH bless you and give you to his right path:-“the path of those who thou has favoured;Not( the path) of thou who earn thine anger nor of those who go astray”AMEEN(1:6,7) : 

May ALLAH bless you and give you to his right path:-“the path of those who thou has favoured;Not( the path) of thou who earn thine anger nor of those who go astray”AMEEN(1:6,7)

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ANY QUESTION?

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Reference: 1.www.google.com 2.www.yahoo.com 3.www.wlipedia.com 4.www.secure.istocphoto.com 5.Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall

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THANKS

Memorization of Quran : 

Memorization of Quran And We have indeed made the Quran easy to understand and remember, then is there any one who will remember (or receive admonition)? (54:17) “It will be said to the companion of the Quran: Recite and rise in status, recite as you used to recite in the world, for your status will be at the last verse that you recite.” (Abu Dawood) back

Making Mus'haf : 

Making Mus'haf The order of this mus'haf differed from that gathered later during Uthman's era. Despite this, Ali made no objection or resistance against standardized mus'haf, but kept his own book.

THE ORIGNAL MUSHAF : 

THE ORIGNAL MUSHAF back

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After seventy reciters were killed in the Battle of Yamama, the caliph Abu Bakr decided to collect the different chapters and verses into one volume. Thus, a group of reciters, including Zayd ibn Thabit, collected the chapters and verses and produced several hand-written copies of the complete book. back

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In about 650, as Islam expanded beyond the Arabian peninsula into Persia, the Levant and North Africa, the third caliph Uthman ibn Affan ordered the preparation of an official, standardized version, in order to preserve the sanctity of the text (and perhaps to keep the Rashidun Empire united, see (Uthman Qur'an). Five of the reciters from amongst the companions produced a unique text from the first volume which had been prepared on the orders of Abu Bakr and which was kept with Hafsa bint Umar. The other copies already in the hands of Muslims in other areas were collected and sent to Medina where, on orders of the Caliph, they were destroyed by burning or boiling. This remains the authoritative text of the Qur’an to this day.back