welcome : welcome
SUB-TROPICAL BROADLEAVED HILL FOREST : SUB-TROPICAL BROADLEAVED HILL FOREST BY
K.SIVANANDHAN
BSF-08-024
What is forest? : What is forest? Forest is an area covered by trees,herbs,shurbs,grases and intermingle with wild animals.
Forest is an area set as prefers of production timber and other forest product from the forest
Classification of major forest types : Classification of major forest types Tropical forest
Montane Sub-tropical forest
Montane Temperate forest
Sub-Alpine forest
Alpine forest
Classification of major groups: : Classification of major groups: Tropical:
1.Wet Evergreen forest
2.Semi Evergreen forest
3.Moist Deciduous forest
4.Littoral and Swamp forest
5.Dry Deciduous forest
6.Thorn forest
7.Dry Evergreen forest
Slide 6: Montane Sub-tropical forest:
Broad leaved hill forest
Pine forest
Dry evergreen forest
Montane Temperate forest
Montane wet temperate forest
Himalayan temperate forest
Himalayan Dry temperate forest
Sub-Alpine forest
Sub-Alpine forest
Slide 7: Alpine forest
Moist Alpine scrub
Dry Alpine scrub
Broad leaved hill forest : Broad leaved hill forest Sub groups:
Sub group 8A-southern sub tropical broad leaved hill forest:
Sup group 8B-Northern subtropical hill forest
Sub group 8A-southern sub tropical broad leaved hill forest: : Sub group 8A-southern sub tropical broad leaved hill forest: Types
Type 8A/C1-Nilgiri subtropical hill forest:
Type8A/C2: Western sub tropical hill forest
Type 8A/C3- Central Indian subtropical hill forest:
Sub tropical Broad leaved hill forest : Sub tropical Broad leaved hill forest Sub group 8A-southern sub tropical broad leaved hill forest:
The sub group occurs altitude between 1000m to 1700m,and 1000m in central Indian hills and Rajasthan.
The annual temperature ranges between 170C to 220 C
The annual rainfall 1500mm to about 6600mm.
Type 8A/C1-Nilgiri subtropical hill forest: : Type 8A/C1-Nilgiri subtropical hill forest: The type occurs on Nilgiri,Annamalai and Palni hills of Tamil nadu and Kerala.
The important tree species
Canthium dicoccum
Rhododentron nilagiricum.
Type8A/C2: Western sub tropical hill forest : Type8A/C2: Western sub tropical hill forest The type occur on the northern part western Ghats
Above 1000m in Maharashtra
Important tree species
Syzygium cumini, Terminalia, Flacourtia latifolia.
Type 8A/C3- Central Indian subtropical hill forest: : Type 8A/C3- Central Indian subtropical hill forest: This type occurs on hill tops above 1200m in M.P,Orissa and Bihar.
The important tree species forming the upper canopies are Syzygium cumini,Mangifera,
Manilkara hexandra.
Sup group 8B-Northern subtropical hill forest : Sup group 8B-Northern subtropical hill forest This sub-group is divided into following two
Types:
type 8B/C1:-East Himalayan sub-tropical wet hill forest
Type 8B/C2:-Khasi subtropical wet hill forest
type 8B/c1:-East Himalayan sub-tropical wet hill forest: : type 8B/c1:-East Himalayan sub-tropical wet hill forest: This type occurs on the lower slopes of the eastern Himalayas from 1000m to 2000m.
The mean annual temperature range 160 C to 200 C.
The annual rainfall 2100mm to 11,400mm
The no. of rainy days varies 104 to 162
number of months with rainfall less than 50mm from 2 to 5.
Important tree species Schima wallichii,Lithocarbus,
Betula cylindrostachys.
Type 8B/C2:-Khasi subtropical wet hill forest: : Type 8B/C2:-Khasi subtropical wet hill forest: This type occurs on the upper slopes of Khasi,Jaintia,and adjacent hills.
The main tree species upper two canopies are Schima,Saurauja,Engelhartia,Lindera,
Myrica
References: : References: www.cababstractsplus.org/abstracts/Abstract.aspx?AcNo=20053189946
www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/80506/broad-leaved-forest
www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80349e/80349E03.htm
Principle and practices of silviculture-
-by: L.S.KANNA