Hate Crimes

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11/28/2008 1

Hate Crimes : 

11/28/2008 2 Hate Crimes Products of an Unequal Society Dr. Alfred R. D’Anca

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What will we learn? : 

11/28/2008 26 What will we learn? The Meaning of “Hate Crime.” The Extent of the Problem. What Causes Hate Crime? Some Controversial Questions and Issues.

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11/28/2008 27 What do you think Hate Crime is? Hate Crime: Its Meaning

Motivation : 

11/28/2008 28 Motivation Not What Is Done but Why It is Done!

What is Missing? : 

11/28/2008 29 What is Missing? “…a violent act committed against a person, property, or organization that are different from the offender in race, color, heritage, or religion.”

: 

11/28/2008 30 “…motivation to violence against a person… based on sexual orientation, gender, disability….”

Hate Crime: Its Social Dimension : 

11/28/2008 31 Hate Crime: Its Social Dimension Differences Breed Violence

Social Differences : 

11/28/2008 32 Social Differences Race Disability Heritage Religion Gender Sex Preference

What is the Problem? : 

11/28/2008 33 What is the Problem? Differences between people or social groups - - or the way we view those differences?

More Than a Personal Matter : 

11/28/2008 34 More Than a Personal Matter Why is it difficult to value different groups equally?

The Power Of Culture : 

11/28/2008 35 The Power Of Culture What is the “American Dream”? How is it achieved?

The “Dream” : 

11/28/2008 36 The “Dream” More than money! Equal . . . Recognition . . . Opportunities . . . Self-Worth

Victims of Hate Crimes : 

11/28/2008 37 Victims of Hate Crimes “Active Precipitators” or “Passive Precipitators”

Victims: The Consequences : 

11/28/2008 38 Victims: The Consequences Who suffers more severe psychological effects? Victims of bias or non-bias motivated assaults?

Reporting Hate Crimes : 

11/28/2008 39 Reporting Hate Crimes The Problem of “Adaptive Bias”

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11/28/2008 40 In 2001 11,451 bias motivated incidents 68% against people “Intimidation” The Extent of the Problem

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11/28/2008 41 In 2001, of all reported biased incidents 45% based on RACE 19% based on RELIGION 14% based on SEX ORIENTATION 22% based on ETHNICITY/HERITAGE U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics

Beyond the Klu Klux Klan : 

11/28/2008 42 Beyond the Klu Klux Klan More than 500 hate groups - - Aryan Nations Neo-Nazis Skin-heads The Order ….

Where Do Hate Crimes Occur? : 

11/28/2008 43 Where Do Hate Crimes Occur? In/on residential properties 31% In highways, roads, alleys 18% In schools, colleges 10%

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11/28/2008 44 http://i.abcnews.com/sections/us/DailyNews/hatecrimes980611.html

Causes of Hate Crimes : 

11/28/2008 45 Causes of Hate Crimes Some Theoretical Views

LEARNED : 

11/28/2008 46 “Direct” or “Vicarious” “The more hateful behavior is rewarded, the more it will continue.” LEARNED

SYMBOLIC INTERACTION : 

11/28/2008 47 SYMBOLIC INTERACTION What a group values and rewards, its members will follow. “Disdain and violence will breed disdain and violence.”

BEING “BONDED” : 

11/28/2008 48 BEING “BONDED” “Being loyal to a group’s rules and attitudes about ‘targets.’”

Who is the Hate Crime Offender?A Profile : 

11/28/2008 49 Who is the Hate Crime Offender?A Profile Socially isolated “Persona non grata” by conventional standards Low self-esteem Wants to belong

Issues and Controversies of Hate Crimes : 

11/28/2008 50 Issues and Controversies of Hate Crimes Something to think about

Is There Really a Need for Hate Crime Laws? : 

11/28/2008 51 Is There Really a Need for Hate Crime Laws? Aren’t laws already “on the books” enough? Is there a difference between violence and hate? Is violent crime motivated by bias more serious than crime without bias?

A Question : 

11/28/2008 52 A Question Is hate a necessary product of a free society?

Deep-seated Dimensions : 

11/28/2008 53 Deep-seated Dimensions “Hate is only foiled not when the haters are punished but when the hated are immune to the bigot’s power.” What do you think?

Moral Responsibility:More than a Private Matter : 

11/28/2008 54 Moral Responsibility:More than a Private Matter Who is responsible? The Hater The Community

Are Longer Sentences for Bias Constitutional? : 

11/28/2008 55 Are Longer Sentences for Bias Constitutional? Civil Liberties (Freedom of Speech) v/s Civil Rights (Freedom from Prejudice)

Do Hate Crime Laws Really Confront Racism? : 

11/28/2008 56 Do Hate Crime Laws Really Confront Racism? Well, do they?

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11/28/2008 57 The End