The Harlem Renaissance Jennifer and Calvin

The Harlem Renaissance : 

Jennifer Heilpern Calvin Buchanan The Harlem Renaissance

The Harlem Renaissance : 

The intellectual advancement of African American Culture Centered in Harlem, NY but influenced the world Harlem was an all black middle class community Whites abandoned it during the flood of immigration The Harlem Renaissance

The Great Migration : 

The Great Migration Movement of 4 million African Americans Out of south ?north, west Reasons Escape racism and wanted jobs Boll Weevil infestation of southern cotton’ War industry Great Mississippi Flood 1927

Louis Armstrong : 

Louis Armstrong Louis Daniel Armstrong Nicknamed Satchmoor Pops An American jazz trumpeter and singer from New Orleans, Louisiana Born August 4, 1901 Died July 6, 1971 (aged 69)

Louis Armstrong (Cont) : 

Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an "inventive" cornet and trumpet player, Armstrong was a foundational influence on jazz Shifted the music's focus from collective improvisation to solo performers With his distinctive gravelly voice, Armstrong was also an influential singer Demonstrated great dexterity as an improviser, bending the lyrics and melody of a song for expressive purposes He was also greatly skilled at scat singing vocalizing using syllables instead of actual lyrics Louis Armstrong (Cont)

Louis Armstrong (Cont) : 

Renowned for his charismatic stage presence and deep, instantly recognizable voice almost as much as for his trumpet-playing Armstrong's influence extends well beyond jazz music By the end of his career in the 1960s, he was widely regarded as a profound influence on popular music in general Louis Armstrong (Cont)

Louis Armstrong (Cont) : 

Armstrong died just after a heart attack on July 6, 1971 A month before his 70th birthday 11 months after playing a famous show at the Waldorf-Astoria's Empire Room Armstrong gained fame as a horn player, then later became better known as a bandleader, vocalist, musical ambassador and founding figure in much modern American music Louis Armstrong (Cont)

Horn playing and early jazz : 

Horn playing and early jazz In his early years, Armstrong was best known for his abilities with the cornet and trumpet The greatest trumpet playing of his early years can be heard on his Hot Five and Hot Seven records (0:35-1:35)

Horn playing and early jazz (Cont) : 

Armstrong's work in the 1920s shows him playing at the outer limits of his abilities The Hot Five records often have minor flubs and missed notes which do little to detract from listening enjoyment since the energy of the spontaneous performance comes through By the mid 1930s, Armstrong achieved a smooth assurance, knowing exactly what he could do and carrying out his ideas to perfection Horn playing and early jazz (Cont)

Vocal popularity : 

Vocal popularity As his music progressed and popularity grew, his singing also became very important to the Renaissance Armstrong was not the first to record scat singing, but he was masterful at it and helped popularize it (1:45)

Vocal popularity (Cont) : 

Such records were hits and scat singing became a major part of his performances Long before this, however, Armstrong was playing around with his vocals, shortening and lengthening phrases, interjecting improvisations He used his voice as creatively as his trumpet Vocal popularity (Cont)

Marcus Garvey : 

Born in Jamaica Had 11 siblings: he and only one sister who reached maturity (don’t write) Led a movement for equal rights for blacks United blacks meant equal rights “Moses” Moved to U.S., 1916 Penniless Marcus Garvey

Garvey’s Impact : 

Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL) Founded Unite all blacks as a country of their own To promote the resettlement of blacks in Africa In the United States, the UNIA also sponsored stores and other businesses to keep blacks' dollars in black pockets Speaking tour of U.S. (raise $, awareness) Garvey’s Impact

Langston Hughes : 

Writer, poet Focus on Black is Beautiful Stressed racial consciousness and cultural nationalism Supported Soviet Union and Communism Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes (Cont) : 

Works "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" 1921 “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain” 1926 Langston Hughes (Cont)

Langston Hughes (Cont) : 

Facts Both paternal great grandmas were African American Both paternal great grandpas were white: One Scottish One Jewish Father lived in Mexico Hughes attended Columbia but left due to racism Langston Hughes (Cont)

Zora Neale Hurston : 

Writer Best known for “Their Eyes Were Watching God” A narrative fairly similar to Hurston’s actual life Republican- no communism Self Help- Booker T. Washington Opposed Brown vs. B.O.E. ruling Relative Obscurity People did not like African American dialect Not political enough Zora Neale Hurston

Romare Bearden : 

Romare Bearden was an American artist and writer He worked in several different medias including cartoons, oils, and collages Born on September 2, 1911 Died on March 12, 1988 (aged 76) Romare Bearden

Education : 

Bearden was born in Charlotte, North Carolina He attended De Witt Clinton High School in the Bronx and completed his studies at New York University (NYU) Graduated with a degree in science and education He often put his education on pause to be a professional baseball player Return of the Prodigal Son – 1967 Education

Education (Cont) : 

After he started to focus more on his art and less on athletics, he took courses in art that led to him being a lead cartoonist and art editor for the Eucleian Society's monthly journal The Medley (A secretive student society at NYU) Many years after he had stopped focusing on athletics, the Philadelphia Athletics offered him the chance to play professional baseball He refused, which jumpstarted his artistic growth Education (Cont)

Education (Cont) : 

Bearden also focused on the written art form He wrote and published articles on numerous topics and is well-known for his written works He also Designed costumes for prominent dance and theater companies Illustrated books by influential authors Co-wrote books about African American art and culture And composed songs Wrapping it up at the Lafayette Education (Cont)

Career as an artist : 

He studied under German artist George Grosz at the Art Students League in 1936 and 1937 At this time his paintings were often of scenes in the American South, and his style was strongly influenced by Mexican muralists Diego Rivera José Clemente Orozco Career as an artist

Career as an artist (Cont) : 

During World War II, Bearden joined the United States Army, serving from 1942 until 1945. This completely changed his style of art as he started producing abstract representations of what he deemed as “truly human” Career as an artist (Cont)

Career as an artist (Cont) : 

Started early Cubism with Golgotha He used this form of art to depict the inhumanity he saw once in the war Golgotha-? Career as an artist (Cont)

Career as an artist (Cont) : 

In the late 1950s, Bearden's work became more abstract, using layers of oil paint to produce muted, hidden effects In 1956, Bearden began studying with a Chinese calligrapher, whom he credits with introducing him to new ideas about space and composition in painting He also spent a lot of time studying famous European paintings he admired He began exhibiting again in 1960 Career as an artist (Cont)

Legacy : 

Romare Bearden died in New York on March 12, 1988 due to complications from bone cancer In his obituary the New York Times called Bearden "one of America's pre-eminent artists" Legacy

Legacy (Cont) : 

Two years after his death, The Romare Bearden Foundation was founded This non-profit organization not only serves as Bearden's official Estate, but also helps to preserve and perpetuate the legacy of this preeminent American artist Recently, it has begun developing grant-giving programs aimed at funding and supporting children, young (emerging) artists and scholars. Legacy (Cont)

Legacy (Cont) : 

In Charlotte, Romare Bearden has a street named after him called Romare Bearden Drive intersecting West Boulevard, on the west side of the city On that site, is surrounded by the West Boulevard Public Library branch and rows of townhouses Legacy (Cont)

Sources : 

"Marcus Garvey Timeline." PBS. PBS, Web. 3 Feb 2010. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/garvey/timeline/index.html   Grossman, James. "Great MIgration." Encyclopedia of Chicago. Web. 3 Feb 2010. http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/545.html McMillian, Angela. "A Guide to Harlem Renassaince." Web Guides. Web. 3 Feb 2010. http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/harlem/harlem.html Solloway, Jon, Alex Bacon, and Matt Muscanell. "James Langston HUghes." Web. 3 Feb 2010. < http://homepage.mac.com/mseffie/student_work/team_unit/hughes/hughes.html>. "Zora Neale Hurston." Women in HIstory. Lakewood Public Library, Web. 3 Feb 2010. http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/hurs-zor.htm "The Great Migration." Web. 3 Feb 2010. http://www.greatmigration.org/ Sources

Sources (Cont) : 

"Marcus Garvey." Marcus Garvey. Web. 3 Feb 2010. http://www.marcusgarvey.com/wmview.php?ArtID=531   “Louis Armstrong - When The Saints Go Marching In” Youtube.com. Web. 3 February 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wyLjbMBpGDA.   “Heebie Jeebies-Louis Armstrong and his Hot Five” Youtube.com. Web. 3 February 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksmGt2U-xTE   “What a Wonderful World - Louis Armstrong”. Youtube.com. Web. 3 February 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vnRqYMTpXHc   “Louis Armstrong” Wikipedia.com Web. 3 February 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_armstrong   “Romare Bearden” Wikipedia.com Web. 3 February 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romare_Bearden Sources (Cont)

Activity : 

While listening to the musical styling's of Louis Armstrong, you are going to make your own Cubist-Styled picture with your group Activity