logging in or signing up Acid-Rain aSGuest33570 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 450 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: December 08, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: hakim2010 (26 month(s) ago) Thank you very much This is good work Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Acid Deposition : Acid Deposition Acid rain, snow, fog, and dry deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 1 pH scale : pH scale 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 2 Measure of acidity/alkalinity of solution 7 = neutral Less than 7 = acidic More than 7 = alkaline Logarithmic scale Change from 7 to 6 means 10X more acidic pH scale : pH scale 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 3 Rain is naturally acidic pH = 5.5 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 “Carbonic acid” (as in Coke) Formation of Acids : Formation of Acids Secondary pollutants produced by chemical reactions of primary pollutants with air molecules Sulfur in coal + O2 SO2 SO2 + H2O H2SO3 (sulfurous acid) 2H2SO3 + O2 2H2SO4 (sulfuric acid). 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 4 Formation of Acids : Formation of Acids 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 5 Sources of primary pollutants Deposition of secondary pollutants Sources & Deposition of Acid Rain : Sources & Deposition of Acid Rain 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 6 Northeastern States Ohio Valley Western Europe Western Russia Effects of Acid Deposition : Effects of Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 7 Depends on Transport downwind Buffering in soils (alkalinity) On thin, non-buffering soils On buffers carbonate rocks, limestone often used for buildings, Limestone and concrete structures Effects of Acid Deposition : Effects of Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 8 Forests Leaching of cations (+) from soils Increased dissolved aluminum in soils Deaths of sugar maples in New England Effects of Acid Deposition : Effects of Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 9 Lakes, rivers Acidified 41% of Adirondack lakes Reduced capacity to neutralize any more acid Deduced diversity and abundance of aquatic ecosystems Acid Deposition : Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 10 Is acid deposition getting better? Scrubbers on coal-fired power plants Reduced sulfate (SO4) emissions Increased use of cars Increased nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx) Some improvement, more needed Clean Air Acts 1970 & 1990 : Clean Air Acts 1970 & 1990 “Concentrations of major pollutants decreased 32%,” 1970-1997. How was 32% calculated? Is this an average? Costs of compliance = $436 billion Health benefits = $2.7 – 14.6 trillion 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 11 You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Acid-Rain aSGuest33570 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 450 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: December 08, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: hakim2010 (26 month(s) ago) Thank you very much This is good work Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Acid Deposition : Acid Deposition Acid rain, snow, fog, and dry deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 1 pH scale : pH scale 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 2 Measure of acidity/alkalinity of solution 7 = neutral Less than 7 = acidic More than 7 = alkaline Logarithmic scale Change from 7 to 6 means 10X more acidic pH scale : pH scale 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 3 Rain is naturally acidic pH = 5.5 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 “Carbonic acid” (as in Coke) Formation of Acids : Formation of Acids Secondary pollutants produced by chemical reactions of primary pollutants with air molecules Sulfur in coal + O2 SO2 SO2 + H2O H2SO3 (sulfurous acid) 2H2SO3 + O2 2H2SO4 (sulfuric acid). 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 4 Formation of Acids : Formation of Acids 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 5 Sources of primary pollutants Deposition of secondary pollutants Sources & Deposition of Acid Rain : Sources & Deposition of Acid Rain 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 6 Northeastern States Ohio Valley Western Europe Western Russia Effects of Acid Deposition : Effects of Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 7 Depends on Transport downwind Buffering in soils (alkalinity) On thin, non-buffering soils On buffers carbonate rocks, limestone often used for buildings, Limestone and concrete structures Effects of Acid Deposition : Effects of Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 8 Forests Leaching of cations (+) from soils Increased dissolved aluminum in soils Deaths of sugar maples in New England Effects of Acid Deposition : Effects of Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 9 Lakes, rivers Acidified 41% of Adirondack lakes Reduced capacity to neutralize any more acid Deduced diversity and abundance of aquatic ecosystems Acid Deposition : Acid Deposition 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 10 Is acid deposition getting better? Scrubbers on coal-fired power plants Reduced sulfate (SO4) emissions Increased use of cars Increased nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx) Some improvement, more needed Clean Air Acts 1970 & 1990 : Clean Air Acts 1970 & 1990 “Concentrations of major pollutants decreased 32%,” 1970-1997. How was 32% calculated? Is this an average? Costs of compliance = $436 billion Health benefits = $2.7 – 14.6 trillion 23 April 2009 Acid-Rain.ppt 11