Some Thinking Skills Techniques :
Some Thinking Skills Techniques Bloom’s Taxonomy
Multiple Intelligences
DeBono’s Hats
Mind Mapping
Edward DeBono quotes :
Edward DeBono quotes “Humour is by far the most significant activity of the human brain.”
“If you wait for opportunities to occur you will be one of a crowd.”
“The need to be right all the time is the biggest bar to new ideas.”
“Unhappiness is best defined as the difference between our talents and our expectations.”
DeBonos Hats :
DeBonos Hats What is it?Six Thinking Hats is a strategy devised by Edward de Bono which requires students (and teachers), to extend their way of thinking about a topic by wearing a range of different ’thinking‘ hats:White hat thinking focuses on the information available and needed.Black hat thinking examines the difficulties and problems associated with a topic.Yellow hat thinking focuses on benefits and values.Red hat thinking looks at a topic from the point of view of emotions, feelings and hunches.Green hat thinking requires imaginative, creative and lateral thinking about a topic.Blue hat thinking focuses on reflection, metacognition (thinking about the thinking that is required), and the need to manage the thinking process.Thecolours help students to visualise six separate modes of thinking and to convey something of the meaning of that thinking, for example, red as pertaining to matters of the heart, white as neutral and objective.What is its purpose?Students learn to reflect on their thinking and to recognise that different thinking is required in different learning situations.How do I do it?Consider an issue or topic which you would like your students to explore, for example, in Band C, the influence of JJJ on its listening audience, or, in Band A, the influence of a particular cartoon show on a young audience. Explain what thinking is required for each of the hats. Have students working in small groups to ask themselves a range of questions:White hat - what are the facts about the radio station JJJ?
Black hat - what are some of the negatives about JJJ?
Yellow hat - what do people gain from listening to JJJ?
Red hat - how does listening to JJJ make us feel?
Green hat - what could be changed to make the station more accessible or more appealing?
Blue hat - how do the mass media in general affect our youth culture?Groups report back to the whole class about the types of ideas generated using the six hats. The teacher points to the breadth of views and thoughts, and explains that this is as a result of making ourselves apply a range of different types of ’thinking‘.How can I adapt it?Six Hat Thinking can be applied to many situations in which brainstorming, problem solving, creative and lateral thinking are required. This strategy can be a very useful tool in reviewing a range of texts or even creating a character profile.How can it be used to evaluate students' language learning?There is a range of possible assessment outcomes in using Six Hat Thinking including:Understands and interprets the taskUses strategies to assist or facilitate discussionContributes to discussionComprehends and applies the six ways of thinkingWhere can I get more information?See the de Bono Institute for further information.See also a summary of Six Hats Thinking.Six Hats Thinking is also explained in many texts, including Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats for Schools.
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© 2 00 4 T he M cQu a ig G roup In c . &de B on o In stitute . de bono institute 6 Six Thinking Hats - Summary (secondary) Black Hat Caution, difficulties & problems What could be the possible problems? What could some of the difficulties be? What are the points for caution? What are the weaknesses? What are the risks? Remember, no solutions required. White Hat Information available & needed What information is available? What information do we need? What information is missing? How are we going to get the missing information? Includes both sides of disputed information. You may report on someone else’s feelings. Yellow Hat Benefits & values What are the benefits? Give reasons why. What are the good things about this? What are the values? How will this help us? What is the sense of potential? Why can it be done? Green Hat Alternatives & creative ideas We need to make a creative effort. What are the alternatives and possibilities? How do we overcome our Black Hat difficulties? Are there any other ways to do this? Generate as many ideas as possible. Red Hat Feelings & hunches Use is limited to 30 seconds. Signals feelings, emotions & hunches. No justification is required. Gives validity to feelings and hunches An ingredient in decision making. Blue Hat Managing the thinking process Sets the thinking Focus and the agenda. Sets the timing. Decides on the next step. Keeps the discipline when using the hats. Asks for summaries and conclusions. Asks for decisions.Six Thinking Hats - Summary (primary)
Assessment Outcomes using the Six Hats :
Assessment Outcomes using the Six Hats Understands and Interprets the task
Uses Strategies to assist or facilitate discussion
Contributes to discussion
Comprehends and applies six ways of thinking
About The Six Hats Method :
About The Six Hats Method It is widely used around the world
Used in primary schools and by top executives at some of the worlds largest corporations(3M Siemens Motorola Bosch)
It is an alternative to traditional argument and far more constructive
It reduces meeting times (e.g engage green hat thinking for creativity
The Six Hats :
The Six Hats A Scientific basis around which chemicals in the brain are triggered for different types of thinking
A need to separate out the modes of thinking