Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing : 

23 October 2009 1 Cloud Computing Presented By: Shipra Garg Karishma Mahajan

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23 October 2009 2 Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing M. Armbrust , A. Fox , Rean Griffith , Anthony D. Joseph, Randy H. Katz, Andrew Konwinski, Gunho Lee, David A. Patterson, Ariel Rabkin , Ion Stoica and Matei Zaharia. Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at Berkeley February 10, 2009

Contents : 

23 October 2009 3 Contents Goal of the paper Introduction Basic terms Why cloud computing now? Aspects in cloud computing Cloud Computing Economics Obstacles and Opportunities Conclusion

Goal of the paper : 

23 October 2009 4 Goal of the paper To clarify certain terms such as Cloud, datacenters. To differentiate between cloud computing and conventional computing.

Cloud Computing : 

23 October 2009 5 Cloud Computing It refers to applications delivered as services and hardware & system softwares in datacenters that provide these services. Cloud refers to the datacenter hardware and software. When a cloud is made available in a pay-as-you-go manner, it is called Public Cloud. Internal datacenter of a business or an organization that are not made available to public are referred to as Private Cloud.

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Comparisons : 

23 October 2009 7 Comparisons Cloud computing can be confused with: Utility computing— packaging of computing resources, such as computation and storage, as a metered service. Grid computing— a form of distributed computing which is composed of a cluster of networked computer to perform large tasks.

Users and Providers of Cloud Computing : 

23 October 2009 8 Users and Providers of Cloud Computing Cloud Computing = Utility Computing + SaaS

Advantages of SaaS : 

23 October 2009 9 Advantages of SaaS Service Users: Access services “anytime, anywhere”. Share and collaborate data easily. Keeping data safely in the infrastructure. Service Providers: Highly simplified software installations. Easy maintenance. Centralized control over versioning.

Aspects of Cloud Computing : 

23 October 2009 10 Aspects of Cloud Computing The illusion of infinite computing resources available on demand. The elimination of an up-front commitment by Cloud users. The ability to pay for use of computing resources on a short-term basis as needed. Resources are released whenever not needed hence creating their conservation.

Cases : 

23 October 2009 11 Cases Failed case: Intel Computing Services in 2000-2001 required negotiating a contract and longer-term-of-use than per hour. Successful case: Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Simple Storage Service (S3) from Amazon web Services (AWS) work on pay-as-you-go basis.

Cloud Computing Providers (CCP) : 

23 October 2009 12 Cloud Computing Providers (CCP) Lucrative reasons to be a cloud computing provider: Make a lot of money. Leverage existing investment. Defend a franchise. Leverage customer relationships.

Cloud Computing Providers (CCP) : 

23 October 2009 13 Cloud Computing Providers (CCP) Necessary conditions for a company to be a CCP: Very large datacenters Large scale software infrastructure Operational expertise

Why cloud computing now? : 

23 October 2009 14 Why cloud computing now? Reasons for emergence of Cloud Computing: Construction and operation of large-scale datacenters. Additional technology trends. New business models.

Cloud Computing Economics : 

23 October 2009 15 Cloud Computing Economics Why study economic models? In deciding whether hosting a service in the cloud makes sense over the long term. To track changes in resource costs and pass them to customer more effectively than building one’s own datacenter. In making the decision about whether to move an existing service to the cloud.

Economic appeal of cloud computing : 

23 October 2009 16 Economic appeal of cloud computing Cloud computing users can avoid capital expenditure (CapEx) on hardware, software and services. Converting Capital Expenses (CapEx) to Operating Expenses (OpEx). Diagram showing economics of cloud computing vs traditional IT

Elasticity: Shifting the Risk : 

23 October 2009 17 Elasticity: Shifting the Risk Pay-as-you-go pricing could be more expensive than buying a server. The cost is outweighted by the economic benefits of elasticity and transference of risk: Risk of overprovisioning Risk of underprovisioning

Example : 

23 October 2009 18 Example Assume predictable daily demand for a service: Peak requirement: At noon: 500 servers At midnight: 100 servers Average utilization : 300 servers Actual utilization : 300x24 = 7200 server-hours We must provision to the peak of 500 servers. Therefore pay for 500x24 = 12000 server-hours (i.e.a factor of 1.7 more than what is needed).

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23 October 2009 19 peak load is correctly anticipated, without elasticity we waste resources (shaded area) during non-peak times. Underprovisioning case 1: potential revenue from users not served (shaded area) is sacrificed case 2: some users desert the site permanently after experiencing poor service.

Comparing Costs : 

23 October 2009 20 Comparing Costs Who Should Move to the Cloud ? Pay separately per resource. Power, cooling and physical plant costs. Operations costs.

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud : 

23 October 2009 21 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud Amazon EC2 is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers. Service Highlights: Elastic Completely Controlled Flexible Designed for use with other Amazon Web Services Reliable Secure Inexpensive

Amazon Simple Storage Service : 

23 October 2009 22 Amazon Simple Storage Service Amazon S3 gives unlimited online storage capacity. It provides a simple web services interface that can be used to store and retrieve any amount of data on the web. Amazon S3 was built to fulfill the following design requirements: Scalable Reliable Fast Inexpensive Simple

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Rackspace Mosso : 

23 October 2009 26 Rackspace Mosso Rackspace Cloud offers 3 different types of cloud hosting products to meet the needs of all cloud hosting customers: Cloud Sites is used to quickly host very scalable and reliable websites. Cloud Files is unlimited online storage for media, files, and backups. Cloud Servers for scalable computing power where server instances are quickly and easily turned on and off as needed.

Charges : 

23 October 2009 27 Charges

New Application Opportunities : 

23 October 2009 28 New Application Opportunities Mobile interactive applications. Parallel batch processing. The rise of analytics. Extension of compute-intensive desktop applications.

Obstacles and Opportunities : 

23 October 2009 29 Obstacles and Opportunities

Conclusion : 

23 October 2009 30 Conclusion The long dreamed vision of computing as a utility is finally emerging. The elasticity of a utility matches the need of businesses providing services directly to customers over the Internet. From the cloud provider’s view, the construction of large datacenters at low cost uncovered the possibility of selling resources on a pay-as-you-go model below the costs of medium-sized datacenters. From the cloud user’s view, it would be as startling for a new software startup to build its own datacenter. Also many other organizations take advantage of the elasticity of Cloud Computing such as newspapers like Washington Post, movie companies like Pixar.