Dietary Supplements

Dietary Supplements : 

Dietary Supplements By: Katie Caldwell & Faren Viehman

What is a Dietary Supplement? : 

What is a Dietary Supplement? A product taken by mouth that contains a "dietary ingredient" intended to supplement the diet. The "dietary ingredients" in these products may include: vitamins, minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids, and substances such as enzymes, organ tissues, glandulars, and metabolites. Dietary supplements can also be extracts or concentrates.

What is a “Dietary Ingredient”? : 

What is a “Dietary Ingredient”? One or any combination of the following substances: a vitamin,a mineral,an herb or other botanical,an amino acid,a dietary substance for use by man to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake (e.g., enzymes or tissues from organs or glands), or a concentrate, metabolite, constituent or extract.

Different Forms : 

Different Forms Tablets, Capsules, Softgels, Gelcaps, Liquids Powders Bars

Why do people take them? : 

Health/good for you - 35% Dietary supplement - 11% Vitamin/mineral supplement - 8% Prevent osteoporosis - 6% Physician recommended - 6% Why do people take them? Prevent colds/influenza - 3% Don't know/no reason specified - 3% Immune booster - 2% Recommended by friend/family/media - 2% Energy - 2% All others - 22%

WOW… : 

WOW… In the United States 6 out of every 10 adults take dietary supplements on a regular basis to feel better, prevent sickness, live longer, become stronger or lose weight. (J AM ACAD NURSE PRACT).

Use Among the U.S. : 

Use Among the U.S. According to the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)… Approximately 40% of the population 2 months of age and older were taking some form of a dietary supplement one month prior to the survey.

USE continued… : 

USE continued… Females were more likely than males (44% versus 35%). In general, non-Hispanic whites, the elderly (80 and older) and children between the ages of 1 and 5 were most likely to take a supplement.

Money Spent on Dietary Supplements in 2004: $ 20.3 Billion : 

Money Spent on Dietary Supplements in 2004: $ 20.3 Billion

THE LAW : 

THE LAW The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA) places dietary supplements under a special category under “foods” NOT drugs. All must be labeled “Dietary Supplement”

Are They Safe??? : 

Are They Safe??? By Law (DSHEA), the MANUFACTURER is responsible for ensuring that its dietary supplement products are SAFE before they are marketed, UNLIKE drugs they do NOT have to be proven safe and effective by the FDA before they reach the market.

What’s on the Label? : 

What’s on the Label? Descriptive name of the product stating that it is a "supplement" The name and place of business of the manufacturer Packer, or distributor A complete list of ingredients The net contents of the product Nutrition labeling “Supplement Facts”

Importance of Regulation : 

Importance of Regulation Because so many people are using these products, it is important to examine how these products are regulated. In addition to this, we need to know if the supplements we are taking are SAFE and EFFECTIVE.

Who Regulates? : 

Who Regulates? The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). BUT the dietary supplement manufacturer is in charge of determining whether it’s safe. The FDA is responsible for taking action against those that are unsafe but only AFTER it reaches the market!!!

Types of Dietary Supplements : 

Types of Dietary Supplements Folic Acid Iron Vitamin C Ginger Ginseng (Top right) St. John’s Wort Black Cohosh Garlic Zinc Saw Palmetto (right)

References : 

References 1. Larsen, L., & Berry, J. (2003, September). The regulation of dietary supplements. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners , 15(9), 410-414. Retrieved April 4, 2008, from http://login.lib-proxy.usi.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=c8h&AN=2003163058&loginpage=Login.asp&site=ehost-live&scope=site 2. Larsen, L., & Berry, J. (2003, September). The regulation of dietary supplements. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners , 15(9), 410-414. Retrieved April 4, 2008, from http://login.lib-proxy.usi.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=c8h&AN=2003163058&loginpage=Login.asp&site=ehost-live&scope=site 3. Dietary Supplements: Overview . (2007, October 5). U.S. Food and Drug Administration . Retrieved April 5, 2008, from FDA/Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Web site: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/supplmnt.html 4. What's in the Bottle? An Introduction to Dietary Supplements. (2003-2007, September). National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine . Retrieved April 5, 2008, from http://nccam.nih.gov/health/bottle/

References continued… : 

References continued… 5. Office of Dietary Supplements:A Key NCCAM partner . (2008, April). Cam At the NIH. Retrieved April 5, 2008, from http://nccam.nih.gov/news/newsletter/2008_april/ods.htm 6. Jill Wechsler (2007, August). Ensuring Quality for Dietary Supplements. Pharmaceutical Executive, 27(8), 18.  Retrieved April 13, 2008, from Health Module database. (Document ID: 1345730671). 7. Hilts, P. (2006, January/February). The FDA at work: cutting-edge science promoting public health. FDA Consumer, 40(1), 39-41. Retrieved April 4, 2008, from http://login.lib-proxy.usi.edu/ login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=c8h&AN=2009158418&loginpage=Login.asp&site=ehost-live&scope=site 8. Dietary Supplements: Overview . (2007, October 5). U.S. Food and Drug Administration . Retrieved April 5, 2008, from FDA/Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Web site: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/supplmnt.html