logging in or signing up Facsimile Transmission(FAX) geet928 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 2325 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (9) Dislike it (0) Added: June 11, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: singh222139 (1 month(s) ago) iwant to download this ppt it is very good Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: waheedshah (7 month(s) ago) good presentation download it Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: oreorawon (8 month(s) ago) ga bisa di donlod Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: oreorawon (8 month(s) ago) kok g bs di donlod Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: pranavpallikattil (8 month(s) ago) hi i need this ppt please Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: FAX Slide 3: Fax (short for facsimile - from Latin "fac simile", "make similar", i.e. "make a copy" - or telefacsimile) is a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies (facsimiles) of documents, especially using affordable devices operating over the telephone network. The word telefax is also used as a synonym. Definition EARLY FAX MACHINES : EARLY FAX MACHINES History : History The first facsimile equipment for use in interactions was the chemical telegraph invented by Alexander Bain (1810-1877) in 1842 Modern fax machines became feasible only in the mid-1970s as the simplicity increased and cost of the underlying technologies dropped History : History By the mid-1980s, fax machines were very popular around the world Digital fax machines first became popular in Japan Slide 7: A fax machine is essentially an image scanner, a modem, and a computer printer combined into a highly specialized package. The scanner converts the content of a physical document into a digital image, The modem sends the image data over a phone line, The printer at the other end makes a duplicate of the original document. Parts Slide 8: The traditional method requires a phone line, and only one fax can be sent or received at a time. Slide 9: A fax machine scans an image, whether it be text or a photo, by reading a very small area of the image at a time. The fax machine decides whether the area it is reading is light or dark and assigns the area a number such as "0" for white and "1" for dark. Then the fax transmits the number to a remote facsimile receiver (usually via telephone lines). The receiver makes a mark on paper corresponding to the area on the original image Working Speed and time : Speed and time The data transferring speed of fax machines is usually 36.6 kbps or in simple terms it can be said that they take almost 10 seconds in sending one page of document. A speed of 33.6 kbps is the fastest you can send or receive, however the average speed is around 14.4 Kbps, which is decent enough. Types of FAX Machines : Types of FAX Machines LASER INKJET THERMAL:Uses thermal paper,but printing fades on thermal papers,inexpensive. Thermal Fax Machines : Thermal Fax Machines Mostly used in home-office set ups than in big business and office set ups. In the olden days thermal fax machines were used Use Thermal paper. Uses heat to transmit the ink from a ribbon in the machine, onto the plain paper. They are reliable and also inexpensive, but the quality is not as good as the others. Also the whole operation is a noisy affair. Inkjet Fax Machines : Inkjet Fax Machines They produce prints at a much lower cost, as the consumables are not as costly as a laser printer. Inkjet fax machines produce good quality prints of faxes, though the speed is slower when compared to the other type Disadvantage : Disadvantage Slow Speed: If the number of faxes received per day is more than 30, then the slow speed could be annoying and so it is not advised in places where more faxes are expected to come. As they tend to get mechanical problems in the long run, they are not advised in heavy faxing and fax receiving areas. Laser Fax Machines : Laser Fax Machines Laser printers are fit for an office environment and places where a high flow of incoming and outgoing faxes are expected. These are heavy duty machines and do a good job typing out the matter neatly and clearly. They are also very fast and so there is no need to wait in queue to send or receive a fax. Laser Fax Machines : Laser Fax Machines The Laser fax machines use a light emitting diode or an LED, which is very reliable and is definitely long lasting. They are however, expensive when compared to the inkjet and thermal, but looking at the performance, they are definitely worth the cost. The quality of the images and letters produced is also high. What is a fax switch? : What is a fax switch? A device that tests a phone line for a fax signal and routes the call to the fax machine. When a fax machine dials a number and the line answers, it emits an 1100Hz signal (CNG tone) to identify itself. Some devices handle voice, fax and data modem switching and may require keying in an extension number to switch to the modem. quality fax switch automatically routes voice, fax, and modem telephone calls to the right equipment every time, eliminating the need for costly dedicated lines. Internet faxing : Internet faxing Uses internet Send or receive fax using email Needs fax number and account number Get faxes in email usually in pdf format Internet faxing : Internet faxing With an Internet fax service you are generally given an online site (interface) where you can log-on to send and receive your faxes. This web account will also store your faxes so that they are available to you at all times. How long and the amount of faxes you can store will depend upon which service you choose, so it pays to do a little homework first before you sign up to any one service. Cost of e-Fax : Cost of e-Fax These fax providers will also have different monthly rates but the average cost is around $10 a month, but there are much cheaper quality services you can get, especially if your faxing requirements are very minimum. Some services are as low as $20 a year or you can also get a pay as you go service. Advantages of eFaxing : Advantages of eFaxing No paper-jams, no extra phone lines, no busy signals, no ink, no bulky fax machines Receive and send faxes from any location you can access the Internet Web faxing can also be much more secure than traditional faxing since your faxes can be encrypted. Advantages of eFaxing : Advantages of eFaxing All your faxing is completely mobile, you can send and receive your faxes anywhere, anytime; as long as you have Internet access and these days that's just about everywhere on the planet. IP FAXING : IP FAXING To send fax data over internet Once a fax arrives at the server closest to its final destination, it's transferred onto normal telephone lines and transmitted like a normal fax. Because the data is transmitted over the Internet for most of its journey, the total cost of transmission is much less than if it traveled over long-distance telephone lines like conventional faxes Slide 24: There are national and international IP faxing services that allow companies and individuals to send faxes over their IP faxing networks for a fee. FoIP Short for fax over Internet protocol. IP FAXING Fax over internet protocol : Fax over internet protocol FAX is transmitted over internet Using FoIP, the digital data from the fax machine is separated into packets for transmission (as opposed to the traditional method of converting the fax data into analog to be sent over the PSTN) The digital data requires less bandwidth than the analog data, so FoIP is more efficient than analog faxing. The transmission takes less time as a result Slide 26: Fax over Internet Protocol is a cousin of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Fax over internet protocol Types Of Facsimiles : Types Of Facsimiles GROUP I ( G1 ) / Old FM Transmission time : Approx. 6 MIN. GROUP II ( G2 ) Transmission time : Approx. 3 MIN. GROUP III ( G3 ) Transmission time : Less then 1 MIN. GROUP IV ( G4 ) Transmission time : Approx. 10 SEC. Slide 28: There are several different indicators of fax capabilities: Group, class, data transmission rate, and conformance with ITU-T(International Telecommunication Union) (formerly CCITT(International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)) recommendations Other Fax Features Slide 29: All fax machines confirm to the CCITT Group 3 protocol. (There is a new protocol called Group 4, but it requires ISDN lines.) The Group 3 protocol supports two classes of resolution: 203 by 98 dpi and 203 by 196 dpi. The protocol also specifies a data-compression technique and a maximum transmission speed of 9,600 bps. Other Fax Features ADVANTAGES : Provides an immediate hard copy of a document, often necessary in legal matters. The most important characteristic of a hard copy is the printed record, which gives far more flexibility of use than a telephone voice message Often considered more personal and professional than e-mail. Lessens the likelihood that documents will be altered by the destination source. Requires only a fax machine and a phone line, which are sometimes much easier to use than e-mail programs. More common than e-mail. ADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES : fax transmission is secure in that it goes only to phone number address. It is also instantaneous and receipt is acknowledged. A copy can be filed, and thus serve as a future source of reference if needed. Thus, dependence on human memory is minimized. Responsibility for the message and its contents can be positively identified by identifying the originator ADVANTAGES Drawbacks : Drawbacks Transmission of visual images by facsimile is a relatively slow process. The speed of transmission is limited by the bandwidth capabilities of the interconnecting facilities. Drawbacks : A normal telephone circuit passes a voice band from approximately 300 to 3,500 Hz, or, in other words, a 3,200-Hz bandwidth.This bandwidth limits facsimile transmission to a rate that allows the transmission of a weather map or large photograph in about 20 minutes. Insufficient bandwidth results in lack of contrast between light and dark shading Drawbacks Drawbacks : Facsimile images are subject to distortion by circuit noise and by interfering signals from adjacent lines. Noise causes spots and streaks to appear in the received image. Speed control of transmitting and receiving facsimile reproducers is a critical item. A synchronizing system helps to minimize this problem by including phasing pulses in the facsimile signal Drawbacks Drawbacks : Drawbacks The principal cause of "ghosts" or shadows in a received facsimile picture is phase delay of signal elements. Serious ghost interference of picture quality by the interconnecting lines requires that the lines be corrected by phase delay devices that counteract the delay characteristics Bibliography : Bibliography Fax, Modem, and Text for IP Telephony by David Hanes & Gonzalo Salgueiro Fax: Facsimile Technology and Systems (Artech House Telecommunications Library) by Kenneth R. McConnell, Dennis Bodson, Stephen Urban The Fax Modem Sourcebook by Andrew Margolis Bibliography : Fax: Facsimile Technology and Systems by Kenneth McConnell, Dennis Bodson, Stephen Urban Network Faxing: Choosing and Using Your Computer-Based Fax by Harriett Hardman Bibliography Supporting links : Supporting links http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761569536/facsimile_transmission.html http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/dictionary/definition/212098/fax.html http://ezinearticles.com/?Types-of-Fax-Machines&id=939390 http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?articleId=208953 You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Facsimile Transmission(FAX) geet928 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 2325 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (9) Dislike it (0) Added: June 11, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: singh222139 (1 month(s) ago) iwant to download this ppt it is very good Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: waheedshah (7 month(s) ago) good presentation download it Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: oreorawon (8 month(s) ago) ga bisa di donlod Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: oreorawon (8 month(s) ago) kok g bs di donlod Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: pranavpallikattil (8 month(s) ago) hi i need this ppt please Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: FAX Slide 3: Fax (short for facsimile - from Latin "fac simile", "make similar", i.e. "make a copy" - or telefacsimile) is a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies (facsimiles) of documents, especially using affordable devices operating over the telephone network. The word telefax is also used as a synonym. Definition EARLY FAX MACHINES : EARLY FAX MACHINES History : History The first facsimile equipment for use in interactions was the chemical telegraph invented by Alexander Bain (1810-1877) in 1842 Modern fax machines became feasible only in the mid-1970s as the simplicity increased and cost of the underlying technologies dropped History : History By the mid-1980s, fax machines were very popular around the world Digital fax machines first became popular in Japan Slide 7: A fax machine is essentially an image scanner, a modem, and a computer printer combined into a highly specialized package. The scanner converts the content of a physical document into a digital image, The modem sends the image data over a phone line, The printer at the other end makes a duplicate of the original document. Parts Slide 8: The traditional method requires a phone line, and only one fax can be sent or received at a time. Slide 9: A fax machine scans an image, whether it be text or a photo, by reading a very small area of the image at a time. The fax machine decides whether the area it is reading is light or dark and assigns the area a number such as "0" for white and "1" for dark. Then the fax transmits the number to a remote facsimile receiver (usually via telephone lines). The receiver makes a mark on paper corresponding to the area on the original image Working Speed and time : Speed and time The data transferring speed of fax machines is usually 36.6 kbps or in simple terms it can be said that they take almost 10 seconds in sending one page of document. A speed of 33.6 kbps is the fastest you can send or receive, however the average speed is around 14.4 Kbps, which is decent enough. Types of FAX Machines : Types of FAX Machines LASER INKJET THERMAL:Uses thermal paper,but printing fades on thermal papers,inexpensive. Thermal Fax Machines : Thermal Fax Machines Mostly used in home-office set ups than in big business and office set ups. In the olden days thermal fax machines were used Use Thermal paper. Uses heat to transmit the ink from a ribbon in the machine, onto the plain paper. They are reliable and also inexpensive, but the quality is not as good as the others. Also the whole operation is a noisy affair. Inkjet Fax Machines : Inkjet Fax Machines They produce prints at a much lower cost, as the consumables are not as costly as a laser printer. Inkjet fax machines produce good quality prints of faxes, though the speed is slower when compared to the other type Disadvantage : Disadvantage Slow Speed: If the number of faxes received per day is more than 30, then the slow speed could be annoying and so it is not advised in places where more faxes are expected to come. As they tend to get mechanical problems in the long run, they are not advised in heavy faxing and fax receiving areas. Laser Fax Machines : Laser Fax Machines Laser printers are fit for an office environment and places where a high flow of incoming and outgoing faxes are expected. These are heavy duty machines and do a good job typing out the matter neatly and clearly. They are also very fast and so there is no need to wait in queue to send or receive a fax. Laser Fax Machines : Laser Fax Machines The Laser fax machines use a light emitting diode or an LED, which is very reliable and is definitely long lasting. They are however, expensive when compared to the inkjet and thermal, but looking at the performance, they are definitely worth the cost. The quality of the images and letters produced is also high. What is a fax switch? : What is a fax switch? A device that tests a phone line for a fax signal and routes the call to the fax machine. When a fax machine dials a number and the line answers, it emits an 1100Hz signal (CNG tone) to identify itself. Some devices handle voice, fax and data modem switching and may require keying in an extension number to switch to the modem. quality fax switch automatically routes voice, fax, and modem telephone calls to the right equipment every time, eliminating the need for costly dedicated lines. Internet faxing : Internet faxing Uses internet Send or receive fax using email Needs fax number and account number Get faxes in email usually in pdf format Internet faxing : Internet faxing With an Internet fax service you are generally given an online site (interface) where you can log-on to send and receive your faxes. This web account will also store your faxes so that they are available to you at all times. How long and the amount of faxes you can store will depend upon which service you choose, so it pays to do a little homework first before you sign up to any one service. Cost of e-Fax : Cost of e-Fax These fax providers will also have different monthly rates but the average cost is around $10 a month, but there are much cheaper quality services you can get, especially if your faxing requirements are very minimum. Some services are as low as $20 a year or you can also get a pay as you go service. Advantages of eFaxing : Advantages of eFaxing No paper-jams, no extra phone lines, no busy signals, no ink, no bulky fax machines Receive and send faxes from any location you can access the Internet Web faxing can also be much more secure than traditional faxing since your faxes can be encrypted. Advantages of eFaxing : Advantages of eFaxing All your faxing is completely mobile, you can send and receive your faxes anywhere, anytime; as long as you have Internet access and these days that's just about everywhere on the planet. IP FAXING : IP FAXING To send fax data over internet Once a fax arrives at the server closest to its final destination, it's transferred onto normal telephone lines and transmitted like a normal fax. Because the data is transmitted over the Internet for most of its journey, the total cost of transmission is much less than if it traveled over long-distance telephone lines like conventional faxes Slide 24: There are national and international IP faxing services that allow companies and individuals to send faxes over their IP faxing networks for a fee. FoIP Short for fax over Internet protocol. IP FAXING Fax over internet protocol : Fax over internet protocol FAX is transmitted over internet Using FoIP, the digital data from the fax machine is separated into packets for transmission (as opposed to the traditional method of converting the fax data into analog to be sent over the PSTN) The digital data requires less bandwidth than the analog data, so FoIP is more efficient than analog faxing. The transmission takes less time as a result Slide 26: Fax over Internet Protocol is a cousin of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Fax over internet protocol Types Of Facsimiles : Types Of Facsimiles GROUP I ( G1 ) / Old FM Transmission time : Approx. 6 MIN. GROUP II ( G2 ) Transmission time : Approx. 3 MIN. GROUP III ( G3 ) Transmission time : Less then 1 MIN. GROUP IV ( G4 ) Transmission time : Approx. 10 SEC. Slide 28: There are several different indicators of fax capabilities: Group, class, data transmission rate, and conformance with ITU-T(International Telecommunication Union) (formerly CCITT(International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)) recommendations Other Fax Features Slide 29: All fax machines confirm to the CCITT Group 3 protocol. (There is a new protocol called Group 4, but it requires ISDN lines.) The Group 3 protocol supports two classes of resolution: 203 by 98 dpi and 203 by 196 dpi. The protocol also specifies a data-compression technique and a maximum transmission speed of 9,600 bps. Other Fax Features ADVANTAGES : Provides an immediate hard copy of a document, often necessary in legal matters. The most important characteristic of a hard copy is the printed record, which gives far more flexibility of use than a telephone voice message Often considered more personal and professional than e-mail. Lessens the likelihood that documents will be altered by the destination source. Requires only a fax machine and a phone line, which are sometimes much easier to use than e-mail programs. More common than e-mail. ADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES : fax transmission is secure in that it goes only to phone number address. It is also instantaneous and receipt is acknowledged. A copy can be filed, and thus serve as a future source of reference if needed. Thus, dependence on human memory is minimized. Responsibility for the message and its contents can be positively identified by identifying the originator ADVANTAGES Drawbacks : Drawbacks Transmission of visual images by facsimile is a relatively slow process. The speed of transmission is limited by the bandwidth capabilities of the interconnecting facilities. Drawbacks : A normal telephone circuit passes a voice band from approximately 300 to 3,500 Hz, or, in other words, a 3,200-Hz bandwidth.This bandwidth limits facsimile transmission to a rate that allows the transmission of a weather map or large photograph in about 20 minutes. Insufficient bandwidth results in lack of contrast between light and dark shading Drawbacks Drawbacks : Facsimile images are subject to distortion by circuit noise and by interfering signals from adjacent lines. Noise causes spots and streaks to appear in the received image. Speed control of transmitting and receiving facsimile reproducers is a critical item. A synchronizing system helps to minimize this problem by including phasing pulses in the facsimile signal Drawbacks Drawbacks : Drawbacks The principal cause of "ghosts" or shadows in a received facsimile picture is phase delay of signal elements. Serious ghost interference of picture quality by the interconnecting lines requires that the lines be corrected by phase delay devices that counteract the delay characteristics Bibliography : Bibliography Fax, Modem, and Text for IP Telephony by David Hanes & Gonzalo Salgueiro Fax: Facsimile Technology and Systems (Artech House Telecommunications Library) by Kenneth R. McConnell, Dennis Bodson, Stephen Urban The Fax Modem Sourcebook by Andrew Margolis Bibliography : Fax: Facsimile Technology and Systems by Kenneth McConnell, Dennis Bodson, Stephen Urban Network Faxing: Choosing and Using Your Computer-Based Fax by Harriett Hardman Bibliography Supporting links : Supporting links http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761569536/facsimile_transmission.html http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/dictionary/definition/212098/fax.html http://ezinearticles.com/?Types-of-Fax-Machines&id=939390 http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?articleId=208953