Darfur (Julia)

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gen·o·cide (noun): the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group.

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Darfur...

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2003 Due to governmental ignorance of Sudanese civilians and increased numbers of nomadic attacks on the people living in Darfur, two opposition groups, the Sudan Liberation Army and the Justice and Equality Movement, emerged in a region in Sudan called Darfur. In February of that year, they rebelled against the government of Sudan. Instead of turning to a peaceful solution, the government of Sudan reacted with violence, funding the Janjaweed militia to attack Darfur. The fighting has not stopped since then.

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2004 In July, the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) begins deployment. However, with a force of only 7,000 troops for a region the size of France, AMIS was under-equipped with too little personnel in the area. On September 18, the UN passes resolution 1564, which called for a commission to assess the problem in Darfur. Chad, during this year, also attempts to resolve conflict by heading a ceasefire agreement, which was supposed to come into effect on April 11, 2004. Janjaweed and rebel attacks have continued.

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Janjaweed This government-funded army uses horrific means of terrorism against the people of Darfur: Killing Torture Rape Detention Forced Displacement Burning of homes and villages Theft Deliberate destruction of crops and farm animals Abductions As of today, thanks to these measures taken from the Sudanese government’s command… 300,000 men, women, and children (most civilians) have died from attacks About 2.5 million remain internally displaced Unknown numbers of women and girls have been raped and sexually abused

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2005 In January, the UN Secretary-General’s Commission of Inquiry on Darfur reported that about 1.6 million people were displaced, along with about 200,000 Darfur refugees hiding in neighboring Chad. The report also proved that the government of Sudan along with allied militias were committing widespread crimes against humanity and war crimes (torture, rape, mass executions, etc.).

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2006 The Darfur Peace Agreement was signed between the government of Sudan and the Sudan Liberation Army. Most of the peace agreement has not yet been implemented and there still remain other anti-governmental militias that have yet to sign the agreement. On August 31, the UN Security Council approved a resolution to send 17,300 more troops into Sudan, but the government of Sudan refused to consent with this.

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2007 The International Criminal Court (ICC) indicts two Sudanese men whom are known to have triggered much of the violence that exists. The ICC sent warrants out for the arrests of Ahmed Haroun and Ali Kushayb on 51 counts of crimes against humanity. The government of Sudan, again, refused to cooperate with foreign commands and both of the men remained free in Sudan. However, that year a new organization, African Union/United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), emerged and began deployment into Sudan.

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2008 This year marks the formal transfer of command from the African Union to the UNAMID. Darfur rebel armies attacked the Sudanese capital of Khartoum. This led to further instability in the region, and the government of Sudan continues to carry out ground and aerial attacks, ignoring the protection of civilians.

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Victims: The innocent civilians of Darfur. Perpetrators: The government of Sudan and their main allied militia, Janjaweed. Rescuers: To an extent, the United Nations, UNAMID, NGOs dealing with delivering aid to the victims, and the country of Chad for harboring refugees.

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Today Many regions and organizations around the world, such as Amnesty International and the United Nations, are pressuring the global community to act on this massive violation of human rights. The following represent some of the human rights the government of Sudan is violating. From The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 5- “No one shall be subjected to torture” Article 9- “No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile” Article 17 (2)- “No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property” Article 25 (1)- “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family”

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Washing one's hands of the conflict between the powerful and the powerless means to side with the powerful, not to be neutral. Paulo Freire