Membrane processing

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Membrane processing :Membrane processing Team member: Huang Shanshan 08811508 Xu Yiwen 08811510 Zhang Yi 08811515 Ma Li 08808022

Slide 2:In 1752, J. Abbe Nollet discovered the phenomenon of osmosis. History of membranes ethanol Water + ethanol Semipermeable membrane Pig’s bladder Driving force: Osmotic pressure

Definition of a membrane :Definition of a membrane ? An intervening structure separating two phases and/or acting as an active or passive barrier to the transport of matter between the phases adjacent to it.

Slide 4:SEPARATION CONTACTING IMMOBILISATION CONTROLLED RELEASE Membranes The heart Membrane functions

Slide 5:Membrane structures Symmetric The structure and transport properties are identical over the entire cross-section The total thickness determines the flux Dialysis and electrodialysis.

Slide 6:Micro pores Composite membrane

Ultrafiltration (UF) :Ultrafiltration (UF) a selective fractionation process utilizing pressures up to 145 psi (10 bar) concentrate suspended solids solutes of molecular weight greater than 1,000 The permeate contains low molecular-weight organic solutes and salts

Nanofiltration (NF) :Nanofiltration (NF) a special process selected when RO and UF are not the ideal choice for separation perform separation applications (demineralization color removal desalination ) the permeat contains monovalent ions and low molecular-weight organic solutions

Microfiltration (MF) :Microfiltration (MF) low pressure cross-flow membrane process separating colloidal and suspended particles in the range of 0.05-10 microns used for fermentation broth clarification biomass clarification recovery

Reverse Osmosis (RO) :Reverse Osmosis (RO) high pressure energy-efficient technique dewatering process streams concentrating low-molecular- weight substances in solution (purifying wastewater) concentrate all dissolved and suspended solids permeate contains a very low concentration of dissolved solids widely used in the desalination of seawater RO

Membrane separations are applied :Membrane separations are applied concentration (removal of a diluting solvent such as water) purification (separation of contaminants) fractionation (resolution into two or more component substances)

applications of micro-filtration :applications of micro-filtration • cold sterilization of beverages • clarification of fruit juices, beers and wines • continuous fermentation • separation of oil- water emulsions • wastewater treatment • beer, milk, whey, brine, etc

MF---cold sterilization :MF---cold sterilization BactocatchR from Tetra Alcross (Pully Switzerland) www.tetrapak.com Ceramic membranes

Applications of ultra-filtration :Applications of ultra-filtration • concentration of milk • recovery of whey proteins • recovery of potato starch and proteins • concentration of egg • clarification of fruit juices and alcoholic beverages Wine clarification Nearly 1000 systems installed wastewater treatment

UF-Whey protein concentrate manufacture :UF-Whey protein concentrate manufacture

Slide 16:• removal of micro-pollutants • water softening • waste water treatment. Main application of nano-filtration

Reverse osmosis :Reverse osmosis Integrated or composite membranes; Pore size<2 nm Pressure 30~60 bar Solution-diffusion mechanism RO Desalination Production of ultra purewater Concentration of juice and milk Application

Equipment of our campus :Equipment of our campus

Plant visit of enzyme mill :Plant visit of enzyme mill Concentration of the enzyme

Slide 22:Advantages No phase change; Energy efficient; A higher quality product; Environmentally friendly; Easy to scale-up Advantages and limitations of membrane technologies Limitations Long-term reliability not proven; Excessive pretreatment; Concentration polarization and membrane fouling; Replacement of membranes;