Strategies & Methods of Health Promotion :Strategies & Methods of Health Promotion Dr Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. Sen. Lecturer Public Health & Safety Department COSTAATT


Health Promotion :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 2 Health Promotion Health promotion is the science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health.  Optimal health is defined as a balance of physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual health.


Partnerships for Health :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 3 Partnerships for Health Definitions of Partnership Joint action between partners Sharing of power Service agreements & contracts between partners Multiagency Intersectoral Inter- or multidisciplinary working Joint planning Teams


Characteristics of an Ideal Team :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 4 Characteristics of an Ideal Team Common purpose Sharing of expertise and experiences Support Commitment to accomplish task Goal oriented


Key Stakeholders in Promoting Health :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 5 Key Stakeholders in Promoting Health Government departments Health authorities and health trusts Health promotion unit and national lead agencies Primary health care team Professions allied to medicine Local authorities Community groups and voluntary organizations Business sector and major employees Mass media


Public Health Work :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 6 Public Health Work Promotion of the health of the population Prevention of illness and disease Protection by recognition of determinants of health


Defining Public Health Work :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 7 Defining Public Health Work Raising the profile of health issues Drawing attention to health problems Carrying out research


The Old Public Health (1842-1907) :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 8 The Old Public Health (1842-1907) Contemplation and establishment of legislation Contemplation and establishment of Health Commissions Contemplation and establishment of Public Health Acts Education Act Housing Act Sanitary Act Contemplation and establishment of Local Government Authority


The New Public Health (1974-1999) :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 9 The New Public Health (1974-1999) The environment is identified as crucial for health. WHO introduces its “health for all” programme Public Health Alliance is created Public Health Ministry is introduced Public Health Association is introduced


Public Health Principles :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 10 Public Health Principles Empowerment Participation Equity Collaboration Intelligence and surveillance Research and development Health for all


Working with Communities & Community Development :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 11 Working with Communities & Community Development Definition of Communities Geography Culture Social stratification Social networks Existence of potential resources


WHO Concept of Community Development :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 12 WHO Concept of Community Development People have a right and a duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their health care (WHO, 1978) Health for all will be achieved by people themselves who are well-motivated and actively participating in community activities (WHO, 1985) Health promotion is an effective tool in empowering communities (WHO, 1986) Health promotion is carried out by and with people, not on or to people and requires practical education, leadership training and access to resources (WHO, 1997) Community action is essential for development and implementation of healthy public policy (WHO, 1988) Increasing capacities of communities require practical education, leadership training and access to resources (WHO, 1997)


Slide 13:Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 13 Community Development Approach


User Led :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 14 User Led The health promoter identifies problems, concerns and pressing questions and directs the activities of the community in alleviating and solving social, economic and environmental problems. The health promoter also identifies key individuals, groups, and resources.


Focus on process :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 15 Focus on process Personal development through self-help Development of skills through working with communities Practical support through availability and accessibility and of services Acting as an advocate for disadvantaged groups Building a social profile of the community


Slide 16:Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 16 Evaluation Purposeful feedback Assessment of aims of objectives Several types Formative Summative Process Outcome Impact


Categories of Community Action (Smithies & Adams, 1990) :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 17 Categories of Community Action (Smithies & Adams, 1990) Formal participation Increasing people participation in decision making Community action Any activity undertaken by a community to effect change Facilitating enabling processes Activities designed to increase and enhance people’s skills in working for change Professional and community interface Effective communication between all stakeholders Strategic support Initiatives which endorse community development and enable it to take place


Conclusions :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 18 Conclusions Theoretic and historical underpinnings are necessary for the understanding, initiation, propagation, continuation and termination of health promotion strategies. Health promotion strategies even though fraught in difficulties and challenges should always adopt the strategy that we live in a world of unprecedented possibilities. Re-framing of strategies and re-thinking of approaches should be key ingredients in developing effective health promotion strategies.


Critical Thinking :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 19 Critical Thinking What is a community profile? How can it be used to gather information about the health status of the community? Compile a community profile of your own community and determine the health status of your community.


References :Dr. Deryck D. Pattron, Ph.D. 20 References Naidoo J & Wills J. (2000). Health Promotion: Foundation for Practice. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall.