SOUTH AFRICA

South Africa : 

South Africa NASSER HUSSYN BUKHARI HEAD DEPARTMENT OF HISTROY AND GEOGRAPHY PAKISTAN EMBASSY COLLEGE BEIJING

Slide 3: 

WHERE IS SOUTH AFRICA ?

SOUTH AFRICA –FLAG DESCRIPTION : 

SOUTH AFRICA –FLAG DESCRIPTION Two equal width horizontal bands of red (top) and blue separated by a central green band that splits into a horizontal Y, the arms of which end at the corners of the hoist side; the Y embraces a black isosceles triangle from which the arms are separated by narrow yellow bands; the red and blue bands are separated from the green band and its arms by narrow white stripes; the flag colors do not have any official symbolism, but the Y stands for the "convergence of diverse elements within South African society, taking the road ahead in unity"; black, yellow, and green are found on the flag of the African National Congress, while red, white, and blue are the colors in the flags of the Netherlands and the UK, whose settlers ruled South Africa during the colonial era

Introduction : 

Introduction Dutch traders landed at the southern tip of modern day South Africa in 1652 and established a stopover point on the spice route between the Netherlands and the Far East, founding the city of Cape Town. After the British seized the Cape of Good Hope area in 1806, many of the Dutch settlers (the Boers) trekked north to found their own republics. The discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886) spurred wealth and immigration and intensified the subjugation of the native inhabitants. The Boers resisted British encroachments but were defeated in the Boer War (1899-1902); however, the British and the Afrikaners, as the Boers became known, ruled together beginning in 1910 under the Union of South Africa, which became a republic in 1961 after a whites-only referendum. In 1948, the National Party was voted into power and instituted a policy of apartheid - the separate development of the races - which favored the white minority at the expense of the black majority. The African National Congress (ANC) led the opposition to apartheid and many top ANC leaders, such as Nelson MANDELA, spent decades in South Africa's prisons. Internal protests and insurgency, as well as boycotts by some Western nations and institutions, led to the regime's eventual willingness to negotiate a peaceful transition to majority rule. The first multi-racial elections in 1994 brought an end to apartheid and ushered in majority rule under an ANC-led government. South Africa since then has struggled to address apartheid-era imbalances in decent housing, education, and health care. ANC infighting, which has grown in recent years, came to a head in September 2008 when President Thabo MBEKI resigned, and Kgalema MOTLANTHE, the party's General-Secretary, succeeded him as interim president. Jacob ZUMA became president after the ANC won general elections in April 2009. In January 2011, South Africa assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2011-12 term.

Slide 6: 

WHO IS THIS? WHAT IS HIS CONTRIBUTIONS FOR SOUTH AFRICA?

APARTHEID : 

APARTHEID Apartheid, social and political policy of racial segregation and discrimination enforced by white minority governments in South Africa from 1948 to 1994.

Nelson Mandela : 

Nelson Mandela He struggled against apartheid. He fought for the freedom and rights of the black natives of South Africa.

Geography : 

Geography Location: Southern Africa, at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Geographic coordinates: 29 00 S, 24 00 E Map references: Africa Area: Total: 1,219,090 Sq Km Country Comparison To The World: 25 Land: 1,214,470 Sq Km Water: 4,620 Sq Km Note: includes Prince Edward Islands (Marion Island and Prince Edward Island)

LAND BOUNDARIES : 

LAND BOUNDARIES

Topography & Climate : 

Topography & Climate Climate: mostly semiarid; subtropical along east coast; sunny days, cool nights Terrain: vast interior plateau rimmed by rugged hills and narrow coastal plain Elevation extremes: Lowest point: Atlantic ocean 0 m Highest point: Njesuthi 3,408 m

SOUTH AFRICA-HIGHEST POINT: NJESUTHI 3,408 M : 

SOUTH AFRICA-HIGHEST POINT: NJESUTHI 3,408 M

SOUTH AFRICA-HIGHEST POINT: NJESUTHI 3,408 M : 

SOUTH AFRICA-HIGHEST POINT: NJESUTHI 3,408 M

GOVERNMENT : 

GOVERNMENT Conventional long form: Republic Of South Africa Conventional short form: South Africa Former: Union of South Africa Abbreviation: RSA Government type: Republic Capital: Name: pretoria (administrative capital) Geographic coordinates: 25 42 S, 28 13 E Time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of washington, DC during standard time) Note: cape town (legislative capital); bloemfontein (judicial capital) Administrative divisions: 9 provinces; Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape, North-West, Western Cape Independence: 31 May 1910 (Union of South Africa formed from four British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange Free State); 31 May 1961 (republic declared); 27 April 1994 (majority rule) National holiday: Freedom Day, 27 April (1994) Constitution: 10 December 1996; note - certified by the Constitutional Court 4 December 1996; was signed by then President MANDELA 10 December 1996; and entered into effect 4 February 1997 Legal system: Mixed legal system of Roman-Dutch civil law, English common law, and customary law

South Africa Natural Resources: : 

South Africa Natural Resources: Mineral Resources: Gold, chromium, antimony, coal, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, tin, uranium, gem diamonds, platinum, copper, vanadium, salt, natural gas. Agriculture : Arable Land: 12.1% Permanent Crops: 0.79% Other: 87.11% (2005) Irrigated land: 14,980 sq km (2008)

MINERAL RESOURCES - SOUTH AFRICA : 

MINERAL RESOURCES - SOUTH AFRICA

Natural Hazards : 

Natural Hazards Prolonged droughts Volcanism:  the volcano forming Marion Island in the Prince Edward Islands, which last erupted in 2004, is South Africa's only active volcano

PEOPLE & SOCIETY : 

PEOPLE & SOCIETY Noun: South African(s) Adjective: South African Ethnic groups: Black african 79%, White 9.6%, Colored 8.9%, Indian/Asian 2.5% (2001 census) Languages: IsiZulu (official) 23.82%, IsiXhosa (official) 17.64%, Afrikaans (official) 13.35%, Sepedi (offcial) 9.39%, English (official) 8.2%, Setswana (official) 8.2%, Sesotho (official) 7.93%, Xitsonga (official) 4.44%, siSwati (official) 2.66%, Tshivenda (official) 2.28%, isiNdebele (official) 1.59%, other 0.5% (2001 census) Religions: Protestant 36.6% (Zionist Christian 11.1%, Pentecostal/Charismatic 8.2%, Methodist 6.8%, Dutch Reformed 6.7%, Anglican 3.8%), Catholic 7.1%, Muslim 1.5%, other Christian 36%, other 2.3%, unspecified 1.4%, none 15.1% (2001 census) Population: 49,004,031 (July 2011 est.)

Grahamstown Festival : 

Grahamstown Festival There's the Ficksburg Cherry Festival, the National Arts Festival, countless mud-and-dust music festivals, the Hermanus Whale Festival, the Oppikoppi Bushveld Festival and many more.

Slide 22: 

Can you Name this city of South Africa?

Slide 23: 

WILD LIFE

Slide 24: 

UNITY IS STRENGTH

EDUCATION : 

EDUCATION Expenditures on Education: 5.4% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 45 Literacy: Definition: Age 15 And Over Can Read And Write Total Population: 86.4% Male: 87% Female: 85.7% (2003 est.) School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): Total: 13 Years Male: 13 Years Female: 13 years (2004)

Slide 26: 

EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICA – GUESS WHAT ARE THEY DOING?

ECONOMY : 

ECONOMY GDP(purchasing power): $524 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 26 $509.8 Billion (2009 Est.) $518.5 Billion (2008 Est.) Note: data are in 2010 US dollars GDP (official exchange rate): $357.3 billion (2010 est.) GDP - real growth rate: 2.8% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 128-1.7% (2009 est.) 3.6% (2008 est.)

ECONOMY : 

ECONOMY GDP - per capita (PPP): $10,700 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 103$10,400 (2009 est.) $10,600 (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 2.5% industry: 30.8% services: 66.8% (2010 est.) Labor force: 17.39 million economically active (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 35 Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 9% industry: 26% services: 65% (2007 est.)

FOREIGN TRADE : 

FOREIGN TRADE Exports: $85.7 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 37 $66.54 billion (2009 est.) Exports - commodities: gold, diamonds, platinum, other metals and minerals, machinery and equipment Exports - partners: China 13.7%, US 10.1%, Japan 8.7%, Germany 7.3%, UK 7.1%, India 4.3% (2010)