logging in or signing up Surface Water Rescue aSGuest1261 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 2374 Category: Others/ Misc License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (1) Added: October 18, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: deqo (39 month(s) ago) dear uploader of surface water rescue, i am interested in your presentation. would you allow me to download it. how to download it. please tell me. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Surface Water Rescue : Surface Water Rescue General Background : General Background Environments Rivers Streams Canals Pools Lakes Gravel Pits Oceans Storm drain systems Causes Weather changes Overconfidence No PFD Cramps Submerged debris Boat collisions General Background : General Background Most incidents preventable Essential EMS practices Know how to swim Wear a personal flotation device (PFD) Take basic water rescue course Water Temperature : Water Temperature Body cannot maintain temperature in water <92oF Heat loss occurs 25x faster than in air Water Temperature : Water Temperature Immersion can lead to hypothermia Hypothermia can lead to Inability to self-rescue Inability to follow simple directions Inability to grasp line, flotation device Sudden immersion, laryngospasm, drowning Water Temperature : Water Temperature Personal Flotation Devices Slow heat loss Less energy expended for flotation Heat Escape Lessening Position (HELP) Head out of water Body floating in fetal position 60% heat loss reduction Huddle together in groups Basic Rescue Techniques : Basic Rescue Techniques REACH THROW ROW GO ALWAYS WEAR YOUR PFD! Moving Water : Moving Water Moving Water : Moving Water Most dangerous water rescue Requires proficiency in: Technical rope rescue skills Crossing moving water Defensive swimming Use of throw bags Shore-based and boat-based rescues Ability to package patient in water Recirculating Currents : Recirculating Currents Develop as water moves over uniform obstructions (rocks, low head dams) “Hydraulic” forms, moves against flow Recirculating water traps people against object Recirculating Currents : Recirculating Currents DROWNING MACHINE Strainers : Strainers Partial obstructions that filter water Downed trees, gratings, mesh Creates unequal force across itself People become pinned water’s force Strainers : Strainers Attempt to swim over object Do NOT put feet on bottom Foot/Extremity Pins : Foot/Extremity Pins Walking in moving water over knee depth ALWAYS is hazardous! Foot, leg may become entrapped Person can be knocked below surface by water’s force Extremity held in place by water’s weight, force Intakes : Intakes Height is no indication of danger All dams may have recirculating currents Intake grates serve as strainers Moving Water Self-Rescue : Moving Water Self-Rescue Avoid entering water except as last resort! Cover mouth, nose Protect head, keep face out of water Do NOT attempt to stand up Float on back, feet pointed downstream Steer with feet, point head toward near shore at 45o angle Water move slower on inside of bends Look for obstructions Eddies on downside of objects may flow slowly upstream, moving you toward river’s edge Flat Water : Flat Water Flat Water : Flat Water Factors Affecting Survival : Factors Affecting Survival Age Position underwater Lung volume PDF use Water temperature Mammalian diving reflex Factors Affecting Survival : Factors Affecting Survival PFD Use 89% of all boating fatalities are related to lack of a PFD PFDs should be worn when working in, on, or near water Swimming pools, flash floods can be water hazards even in arid areas! Factors Affecting Survival : Factors Affecting Survival Mammalian Diving Reflex Water <68oF Bradycardia, intense peripheral vasoconstriction Blood, oxygen shunted to core organs, circulated very slowly Hypothermia Slows metabolism Conserves oxygen Only protective if it occurs BEFORE cardiac arrest occurs Cold Protective Response : Cold Protective Response YOU’RE NOT DEAD UNTIL YOU’RE WARM AND DEAD! Location of Victims : Location of Victims Location of Victims : Location of Victims In flat water, location of average patient under average conditions = 1.5 x water depth of where he/she went down Example: Water is 10 feet deep Patient will be within a circle with a 15 foot radius centered on spot where patient went down Location of Victims : Location of Victims In moving water, patients will be within 100 to 150 yards downstream Common locations: Deep holes Eddies downstream of large objects Strainers Rescue vs. Recovery : Rescue vs. Recovery Time submerged Age Physical condition Known/suspected trauma Water temperature Estimated time for rescue/removal In-Water Patient Immobilization : In-Water Patient Immobilization Assume cervical injuries in drowning victims until proven otherwise Phase 1: In-Water SMR : Phase 1: In-Water SMR Splint victim head, neck with arms Roll victim to face-up position Assure open airway Maintain position until cervical collar applied Phase 2: C-collar Application : Phase 2: C-collar Application Primary rescuer maintains airway, SMR Second rescuer sizes, applies collar Second rescuer secures patient’s hand to patient’s waist Phase 3: Backboarding : Phase 3: Backboarding Maintain airway and manual SMR Submerge board under patient’s waist Allow board to float up to victim Secure victim with straps Phase 4: Removal : Phase 4: Removal Move to extraction point Extricate patient head first Pass from water to rescuers on land Avoid extrication thorough surf Use bystanders who can swim as a breakwater behind patient You do not have the permission to view this presentation. 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Surface Water Rescue aSGuest1261 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 2374 Category: Others/ Misc License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (1) Added: October 18, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: deqo (39 month(s) ago) dear uploader of surface water rescue, i am interested in your presentation. would you allow me to download it. how to download it. please tell me. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Surface Water Rescue : Surface Water Rescue General Background : General Background Environments Rivers Streams Canals Pools Lakes Gravel Pits Oceans Storm drain systems Causes Weather changes Overconfidence No PFD Cramps Submerged debris Boat collisions General Background : General Background Most incidents preventable Essential EMS practices Know how to swim Wear a personal flotation device (PFD) Take basic water rescue course Water Temperature : Water Temperature Body cannot maintain temperature in water <92oF Heat loss occurs 25x faster than in air Water Temperature : Water Temperature Immersion can lead to hypothermia Hypothermia can lead to Inability to self-rescue Inability to follow simple directions Inability to grasp line, flotation device Sudden immersion, laryngospasm, drowning Water Temperature : Water Temperature Personal Flotation Devices Slow heat loss Less energy expended for flotation Heat Escape Lessening Position (HELP) Head out of water Body floating in fetal position 60% heat loss reduction Huddle together in groups Basic Rescue Techniques : Basic Rescue Techniques REACH THROW ROW GO ALWAYS WEAR YOUR PFD! Moving Water : Moving Water Moving Water : Moving Water Most dangerous water rescue Requires proficiency in: Technical rope rescue skills Crossing moving water Defensive swimming Use of throw bags Shore-based and boat-based rescues Ability to package patient in water Recirculating Currents : Recirculating Currents Develop as water moves over uniform obstructions (rocks, low head dams) “Hydraulic” forms, moves against flow Recirculating water traps people against object Recirculating Currents : Recirculating Currents DROWNING MACHINE Strainers : Strainers Partial obstructions that filter water Downed trees, gratings, mesh Creates unequal force across itself People become pinned water’s force Strainers : Strainers Attempt to swim over object Do NOT put feet on bottom Foot/Extremity Pins : Foot/Extremity Pins Walking in moving water over knee depth ALWAYS is hazardous! Foot, leg may become entrapped Person can be knocked below surface by water’s force Extremity held in place by water’s weight, force Intakes : Intakes Height is no indication of danger All dams may have recirculating currents Intake grates serve as strainers Moving Water Self-Rescue : Moving Water Self-Rescue Avoid entering water except as last resort! Cover mouth, nose Protect head, keep face out of water Do NOT attempt to stand up Float on back, feet pointed downstream Steer with feet, point head toward near shore at 45o angle Water move slower on inside of bends Look for obstructions Eddies on downside of objects may flow slowly upstream, moving you toward river’s edge Flat Water : Flat Water Flat Water : Flat Water Factors Affecting Survival : Factors Affecting Survival Age Position underwater Lung volume PDF use Water temperature Mammalian diving reflex Factors Affecting Survival : Factors Affecting Survival PFD Use 89% of all boating fatalities are related to lack of a PFD PFDs should be worn when working in, on, or near water Swimming pools, flash floods can be water hazards even in arid areas! Factors Affecting Survival : Factors Affecting Survival Mammalian Diving Reflex Water <68oF Bradycardia, intense peripheral vasoconstriction Blood, oxygen shunted to core organs, circulated very slowly Hypothermia Slows metabolism Conserves oxygen Only protective if it occurs BEFORE cardiac arrest occurs Cold Protective Response : Cold Protective Response YOU’RE NOT DEAD UNTIL YOU’RE WARM AND DEAD! Location of Victims : Location of Victims Location of Victims : Location of Victims In flat water, location of average patient under average conditions = 1.5 x water depth of where he/she went down Example: Water is 10 feet deep Patient will be within a circle with a 15 foot radius centered on spot where patient went down Location of Victims : Location of Victims In moving water, patients will be within 100 to 150 yards downstream Common locations: Deep holes Eddies downstream of large objects Strainers Rescue vs. Recovery : Rescue vs. Recovery Time submerged Age Physical condition Known/suspected trauma Water temperature Estimated time for rescue/removal In-Water Patient Immobilization : In-Water Patient Immobilization Assume cervical injuries in drowning victims until proven otherwise Phase 1: In-Water SMR : Phase 1: In-Water SMR Splint victim head, neck with arms Roll victim to face-up position Assure open airway Maintain position until cervical collar applied Phase 2: C-collar Application : Phase 2: C-collar Application Primary rescuer maintains airway, SMR Second rescuer sizes, applies collar Second rescuer secures patient’s hand to patient’s waist Phase 3: Backboarding : Phase 3: Backboarding Maintain airway and manual SMR Submerge board under patient’s waist Allow board to float up to victim Secure victim with straps Phase 4: Removal : Phase 4: Removal Move to extraction point Extricate patient head first Pass from water to rescuers on land Avoid extrication thorough surf Use bystanders who can swim as a breakwater behind patient