Trait concept and personality

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THE TRAIT CONCEPT AND PERSONALITY THEORY WEBB’S Trait Rating Data THE TRAIT CONCEPT AND PERSONALITY THEORY WEBB’S Trait Rating Data THE TRAIT CONCEPT AND PERSONALITY THEORY

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Traits are distinguishing qualities or characteristics of a person.  Traits are a readiness to think or act in a similar fashion in response to a variety of different stimuli or situations. What are Personality Traits?

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In general, trait theory assumes that people differ on variables or dimensions that are CONTINUOUS. People are seen to differ in the AMOUNTS or QUANTITIES of a characteristic rather than differ in the QUALITY of their characteristics.

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Gordon Allport: Father of personality theory Allport believed that each person had traits of various types: Individual : traits possessed by one person Common : traits possessed by many people Cardinal traits : One trait that dominates the person Central traits : small number of traits important traits that may affect many behaviours

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Secondary traits : many consistent traits which are not often exhibited Motivational traits : Very strongly felt traits Stylistic traits : Less strongly felt traits. Allport believed that through autobiographies, letters and diaries an understanding of an individual’s personality could be gained.

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Cattell's 16 Personality Factors reserved v warm concrete reasoning v abstract reasoning reactive v emotionally stable deferential v dominant serious v lively expedient v rule-conscious shy v socially bold utilitarian v sensitive

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trusting v vigilant practical v imaginative forthright v private self-assured v apprehensive traditional v open-to-change group-oriented v self-reliant tolerates disorder v perfectionist relaxed v tense Cattell's 16 Personality Factors

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WEBB’S Trait Rating Data

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FACTOR ONE: WILL Desire to impose his will on oth er people (as opposed to tolerance) Offensive manifestation of self-esteem (Superciliousness) Eagerness for admiration Readiness to become angry Esteem of him as a whole Belief in his own powers Occasional liability to extreme anger

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FACTOR TWO: EXTRAVERSION Degree of bodily activity in pursuit of pleasures (Games…etc) Extent of mental work bestowed upon pleasures (Games…etc) Degree of corporate spirit (In whatever body interest is taken) Fondness for large social gatherings Wideness of his influence Desire to be liked by his associates

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FACTOR THREE: CONSCIENTIOUNESS? Degree to which he works with distant objects in view (as opposed to living from ‘hand to mouth’) Extent of mental work bestowed upon usual studies Conscientiousness (Keenness of interest in the goodness and wickedness of actions) Interest in religious beliefs and ceremonies Pure-Mindedness (extent to which he shuns telling or hearing stories of immoral meaning) Trustworthiness (Keeping his word or engagement, performing his duty)

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FACTOR FOUR: AGREEABLENESS Desire to be liked by his associates Readiness to accept the sentiments of his associates Impulsive kindness Readiness to recover from anger

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FACTOR FIVE: INTELLIGENCE? Quickness of apprehension Originality of ideas Degree of sense of humour Profoundness of apprehension Intensity of his influence on his special intimates Wideness of his influence (Whenever he speaks or acts )

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FACTOR SIX: LOW NEUROTICISM? (-) Occasional liability to extreme depression General tendency to be cheerful ( as opposed to being depressed and low-spirited) (-) Tendency to quick oscillation between cheerfulness and depression (as opposed to permanence of mood) Tendency not to abandon tasks in the face of obstacles

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NOW IDENTIFY YOUR TRAITS You may be having almost all these qualities Or some of these qualities Or few of these qualities Or very few of these qualities

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If you are having very few of these TRAITS, what you have to do? A million dollars question… Here is the answer If you are having very few of these TRAITS, what you have to do? A million dollars question… Here is the answer

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One great man said like this: If you do not change according to your circumstances demands, you will disappear one day, just like a Dinosaurs. Though it is a big animal, it was vanished from the earth.

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Changing Your Personality Traits When You Change Your Characteristics, You Change Your Life To change your life, consider changing your personality traits. Here's what personality psychology reveals about changing your characteristics.

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Changing your personality traits is not only possible, it can change your life! Here, the basics of personality psychology reveal how to change your characteristics successfully.

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"If you're ready for change, you can make it happen," says retired psychologist Jan Goldfield, PhD.

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Until recently both professionals and laypeople believed that personality traits are set by age 30. Further, psychologists believed certain personality traits are mostly genetic, which means you're born agreeable, neurotic, or extroverted – and you'll stay that way despite your environment or desire to change. You can’t make any personality changes, they once believed.

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Current research, however, suggests that personality traits do change. You can change your personality and characteristics if you want to - and thus change your life. University of California (Berkeley) researchers Sanjay Srivastava and Oliver P John found that not only do personality traits change over time – personality traits change more in adulthood than in childhood. As an adult, changing your personality can improve your life.

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5 Steps to Change Your Personality

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Decide why you want to change your personality. Are you changing your personality because you want to impress your partner or mother? Changing your personality traits to suit others isn't healthy. Plus those personality changes won't last because they're not based on your own needs. On the other hand, if you want to change your personality because you're tired of sitting at home alone or feeling sad most of the time, then you're more likely to be happy with your personality changes. First Step:

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Second Step: Pick a specific personality trait to change. To change your personality, pick one thing to focus on. Practice trying new things, using your imagination, and taking small risks (baby steps) are effective ways to change your personality. After you take small steps, then making bigger personality changes is relatively easy.

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Third Step: Give yourself time to change your personality. You can't change your personality overnight. Set small, reasonable goals such as allowing yourself to worry for no longer than five minutes a day. Be patient. If you stay focused and persistent, you will make effectively change your personality, such as worrying less or becoming more agreeable.

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Be accountable for changing your personality. Trust a friend or spouse to help you change your personality. Ask them to tell you when you're displaying the personality traits you're pursuing – and accept their praise when you show that trait! This will motivate and support you, and strengthen your relationships too. Changing your personality can change your life. Fourth Step:

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Be open to other sources of help for changing your personality. Sometimes you need more support than a friend or spouse when you’re changing your personality – and there are hundreds of options! Books about personality psychology, support groups, counselors, life coaches, workshops, and classes are just a few possibilities when you're changing your personality. An objective point of view is invaluable in helping you identify healthy reasons for personality change. Fifth Step:

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When You Change Your Personality Traits, You Change Your Life

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http://psychology.suite101.com/article.cfm/making_personality_changes#ixzz0IHxnh0Ox&D Reference:

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