The Importance of Carbon

The Importance of Carbon: 

The Importance of Carbon

Organic Chemistry: 

Organic Chemistry The study of carbon compounds Most naturally occurring organic compounds are produced by living organisms. Inorganic carbon compounds CO 2 - source of carbon for all the organic molecules found in organisms

Bonds Formed by Carbon: 

Bonds Formed by Carbon When carbon has four single bonds, the bonds angle toward the corners of an imaginary tetrahedron.

PowerPoint Presentation: 

When two carbon atom are joined by a double bond, all bonds around the carbon atom are in the same plane.

Carbon Skeletons: 

Carbon Skeletons Carbon atoms form chains that are the skeletons for most organic molecules. They vary in length in formation. Straight

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Branched Ringed

Isomers: 

Isomers Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas that cause the molecules to have different properties. Structural – differ in covalent arrangement Geometric- same covalent partnership but different spatial arrangements (arise from the inflexibility of a double bond) Enantiomers- mirror images of each other

Figure 4.6 Three types of isomers: 

Figure 4.6 Three types of isomers

Functional Groups: 

Functional Groups Functional groups are attachments ( group of atoms that work together) that replace one or more of the H atoms attached to a carbon skeleton. Each functional group behaves consistently from one organic molecule to another. Functional groups give molecules unique properties.

Figure 4.8 A comparison of functional groups of female (estradiol) and male (testosterone) sex hormones: 

Figure 4.8 A comparison of functional groups of female (estradiol) and male (testosterone) sex hormones

Six Important Functional Groups: 

Six Important Functional Groups Hydroxyl Carbonyl Carboxyl Amino Sulfhydryl Phosphate