Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases vs The Hole In The Ozone Layer

Global Warming and Greenhouse Effect vs. The Hole In The Ozone Layer: 

Global Warming and Greenhouse Effect vs. The Hole In The Ozone Layer By: Karenne and Maya Mashiach

There IS a difference between…: 

There IS a difference between… Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect The Hole In The Ozone Layer

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect The three main contributions to the Greenhouse effect are: Carbon Dioxide: Natural: released through respirations, volcanic eruptions, and forest fires human- released through deforestation (clearing an area of forest or trees), land use changes, and the burning of fossil fuels

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect Methane: Human- Produced through decomposition of wastes and landfills, agriculture, rice cultivations, ruminant digestions, and manure management. Produced during coal mining and petroleum production, and by burning biomass fuels Natural- natural decay of plant and animal matter

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect Clorofluorocarbons Human- released through spray cans as propellants, refrigeration, and air conditioning

The Hole in the Ozone Layer: 

The Hole in the Ozone Layer Troposphere: The first layer of the atmosphere above earth Half of Earth’s atmosphere Weather occurs here --------------------------------------------- Tropopause

The Hole in the Ozone Layer: 

The Hole in the Ozone Layer Stratosphere: Jet/aircrafts fly in this layer Very stable The ozone layer Absorbs Sun’s harmful rays --------------------------------- Stratosphere

The Hole in the Ozone Layer: 

The Hole in the Ozone Layer Mesosphere: Meteor rocks, fragments burn in this layer ---------------------------- Mesopause

The Hole in the Ozone Layer: 

The Hole in the Ozone Layer Thermosphere: Layer with auroras Space shuttle orbits here

The Hole in the Ozone Layer: 

The Hole in the Ozone Layer Exosphere: Where atmosphere merges into space Upper limit of Earth’s atmosphere

The Hole In The Ozone Layer: 

The Hole In The Ozone Layer

So…: 

So… Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect involves: Greenhouse Gases The Hole In The Ozone Layer involves: The layers of the atmosphere

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect Infrared radiation is emitted into the Earth’s atmosphere The radiation emits back in different directions The result of this is global warming

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect

The Hole in the Ozone Layer: 

The Hole in the Ozone Layer How is ozone produced? Ozone is produced when Ultraviolet (UV) rays penetrate O 2 and makes it into two single oxygen atoms. UV+O 2 O+O Then, the single oxygen atom attracts to the O 2 and forms O 3 (ozone) O+O 2 O 3

The Hole in the Ozone Layer: 

The Hole in the Ozone Layer

So…: 

So… The Greenhouse Effect: Allows infrared radiation to be emitted through the Earth’s atmosphere Therefore, it causes warming of the Earth The Ozone: Helps block the ultraviolet radiation Utilizes the UVs to break apart the oxygen and create ozone.

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect The greenhouse effect is warming that results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space. Pros: Plants can be grown nicely because they need the warmth and humidity from the greenhouse effect. Without the greenhouse effect there may be another ice age The estimated climate of Earth without the Greenhouse Effect would be 0.4°F. Cons: Alter precipitation patterns, wind patterns, and ocean currents and levels. polar ice caps will melt, sea levels will rise and flood the coasts areas will begin to have a lot of rainfall Tropical places will begin to experience heavier monsoons. Higher climates will worsen dryness, creating bigger deserts, drier soil, and drought.

The Hole In The Ozone Layer: 

The Hole In The Ozone Layer The importance of The ozone layer: It protects us and Earth from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation People are worried about its depletion because it can cause: Sunburn Skin cancer And eye diseases Temperatures can severely rise when the ozone depletes

So…: 

So… The Greenhouse Effect Without it we would have another ice age and plants would not be grown nicely It alters the weather in bad, extreme ways The Ozone Layer: Protects us from the effects that the harmful UV rays can do.

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect In the beginning of the 19 th century, when the Industrial revolution began, atmospheric pollutants filled the air with extra carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is caused by burning fossil fuels. In the mid 19 th century, temperatures began to increase and since then they continued to increase . Factories and vehicle emissions put so much unneeded, toxic chemicals into our atmosphere everyday .

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/ Greenhouse Effect Acid rain and smog which depletes the ozone layer and contributes to global warming were produced People placing waste into the ocean increases the amount of carbon dioxide because the oceans soak up one third of carbon dioxide. With the waste in the ocean, the ocean cannot soak up as much carbon dioxide, increasing the weather. Carbon dioxide is 30% higher than what it was in the past 160,000 years. Although there are natural causes for releasing greenhouse gases, human activities have been producing increasing amounts of these gases.

The Hole In The Ozone Layer: 

The Hole In The Ozone Layer What are CFCs? CFCs (aka CFCl 3 ) are found in spray cans, plastic industries (refrigerants, aerosols, cleaning circuit boards…), and Halons (used in fire extinguishers) CFCs consist of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon Cl+F+C CFCl 3 How they deplete the ozone? UV radiation penetrates CFCl3 Then one Cl molecule breaks apart from CFCl3 CFCl3+UVlight  CFCl2+Cl Then, the Cl atom attacks the O3 and breaks apart the ozone molecule to become ClO+O 2 Cl+O3  ClO+O2 After this happens, a single oxygen atom breaks apart the ClO , which causes the Cl to be free to repeat the same process ClO+O  Cl+O2 Cl+O3  ClO+O2

So…: 

So… Climate Change: Caused mainly by carbon dioxide Climates changed after the Industrial Revolution started Factories and vehicle emissions The depletion of the Ozone layer: Is a cycle that almost never ends. CFCs should be regulated, not just in the government, but should be taken seriously in homes and schools, etc.

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect: 

Global Warming/Greenhouse Effect Solutions for Global Warming: Cut the amount of GHGs (greenhouse gases) used. Less energy has to be produced and used. Must increase the amount of solar and power, recycled hydrogen, biofuels , natural gas, and nuclear power. Capture carbon dioxide and store it underground, in a process called “carbon sequestration”. Increasing the amount of forests and crops can help with storing carbon dioxide.

The Hole In The Ozone Layer: 

The Hole In The Ozone Layer The Ozone Hole over Antarctica has grown over the years. There has been much more awareness about the ozone and its depletion. Even though CFCs have been heavily regulated in the US there is still an increase in the depletion of the Ozone Layer since 1985. Recently though, there has been a decrease of the depletion of the Ozone Hole.

The Hole In The Ozone Layer: 

The Hole In The Ozone Layer This picture shows 4 diagrams of the Ozone hole over Antarctica.

So…: 

So… The difference between the hole in the ozone and greenhouse effect: Hole in the ozone layer is the depletion of gases The greenhouse effect is the build up of gases