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Meteoritic steam Magmatic Geothermal steam Use of geothermal heat for electricity generation and heat pump . It eventually gets depleted , hence it is not completely renewable . The earth was created by a mass of liquids and gases of which 5 to 10 % is steam . Temperature of earth’s core at a depth of 10 – 15 km is 1000-1200 degree Celsius . The temperature increases by 1 degree celsius for 30 – 40 m . The geothermal energy potential in the uppermost 10 km of the earth’s crust amounts to 50,000 times the energy of all oil and gas resources available .
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BASED ON SOURCE OF HEAT GEOTHERMAL ENERGY HYDROTHERMAL GEOPRESSURED PETROTHERMAL
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HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM VAPOUR DOMINATED SYSTEM LIQUID DOMINATED SYSTEM
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Vapour dominated system : Temperature is around 200 degree Celsius and 8 bar . It is most suited for turbine based power plants .these power plants are also called dry stem power plants .it is also very rare . Liquid dominated system : Hot water trapped underground . temperature -175 to 325 degree Celsius .more liquid comes out than stem . salts in the liquid cause scaling. Geopressured system : water at high pressure (1000 bar) and low temperature (150 degree celsius ) at depths of 2000 to 9000 feet . contains 4 to 10 % salt hence also called as brine .
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Geothermal electricity production : They access hot water or steam from wells 1000m or more deep. The steam is used to run a turbine . The water is returned to the ground back to recharge the reservoir and thus completes the
renewable energy cycle . Petro thermal system : Found at locations where magma Is at temperatures between 150 to 300 degree Celsius . rocks are fractured using high pressure water or nuclear explosives.
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Centrifugal separator turbine generator Cooling tower Coolant pump condenser Rejection well ground well Vapour dominated geothermal power plant
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Geothermal heat pumps : Temperature of shallow grounds vary from 50 to 70 degree Celsius depending on latitude . A geothermal heat pump discharges heat from inside a building during summer and the process is reversed during winter . They are three times more efficient than any furnace . Advantages : geothermal power is more competitive in countries that have limited hydrocarbon resources . it is a form of renewable energy . geothermal power is cost effective .
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Disadvantages : not all areas have usable geothermal resource . some geothermal areas do not have enough temperature to produce steam .
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