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Premium member Presentation Transcript NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” : NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” Troy Miesse/ IE Business Development Slide 2: Industrial Control Panels Slide 3: Agenda NFPA 70: National Electric Code (NEC®) Short Circuit Current Ratings Article 409 “Industrial Control Panels” UL508A (Supplement SB) Arc Flash and NFPA 70E Personnel Protection Equipment National Electric Code : National Electric Code NFPA 70: National Electric Code (NEC®) Most states and Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) have adopted the 2005 NEC. NEC® is updated approximately every 3 years Article 409 “Industrial Control Panels” was added to the NEC® in 2005 Article 409 requires all industrial control panels to be marked with an SCCR. Empty enclosures do not have a SCCR What is a SCCR ? : What is a SCCR ? A Short Circuit Current Rating is the maximum current a device or panel can safely withstand for 3 AC electrical cycles (50 msec.) or while an over-current protective device operates. SCCR is usually expressed in RMS kA at the system voltage. Example: 18 kA at 480 VAC RMS is the Root Mean Squared AC current. The SCCR of a fuse or circuit breaker is the same as its Interrupting Rating (IR). NEC Article 409 : NEC Article 409 Industrial Control Panel - An assembly of two or more components such as motor controllers, relays, CB’s, etc…..and related control devices Industrial Control Panels do not include the controlled equipment. Requires all industrial control panels to be marked with SCCR – This is a major addition! This addition will impact control panel builders, OEMs and end users in numerous ways: - How control panel are designed and marked - The selection of power circuit components. - The specification of preferred manufacturers. - How control panels are installed and modified. Before the NEC 2005… : Before the NEC 2005… Only Industrial Machinery required marking for interrupting rating or SCCR of main over-current protective device Industrial control panels, HVAC control panels, motor controllers, and meter disconnects were not required to be marked with SCCR Slide 8: 2005 NEC The 2005 NEC requires SCCR markings on all: Industrial Control Panels -NEC Article 409 Motor controllers -NEC Article 430.8 HVAC controllers -NEC Article 440.4(B) Industrial machinery -NEC Article 670.3 Meter disconnects -NEC Article 230.82(3) Slide 9: How do I Determine the Panel SCCR ? NEC Article 409.110 states that the SCCR of an industrial control panel is based on one of the following: SCCR of a Listed and labeled assembly SCCR based on the use of an “approved” method UL 508A Supplement SB is given as an example of an approved method Method approved by local electrical inspector (AHJ) Engineer (PE) approved apparent RMS method. Slide 10: How do I Determine the Panel SCCR ? NEC Article 409.110 states that the SCCR of an industrial control panel is based on one of the following: SCCR of a Listed and labeled assembly Easy enough if you just buying the control panel Not an option if you are building or specifying a control panel Slide 11: How do I Determine the Panel SCCR ? NEC Article 409.110 states that the SCCR of an industrial control panel is based on one of the following: SCCR of a Listed and labeled assembly SCCR based on the use of an “approved” method UL 508A Supplement SB is given as an example of an approved method UL 508A Standard : UL 508A Standard UL 508A standard is “Industrial Control Panels” The standard covers industrial control panels intended for general industrial use, operating at a voltage of 600 volts or less This equipment is intended for installation in ordinary locations, in accordance with the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70 Supplement SB is included to help determine SCCR for Industrial Control panels by providing, among other things, default SCCR ratings for common components Slide 13: UL 508A Supplement SB UL 508A Supplement SB describes three steps to determine the SCCR of industrial control panels: Determine the SCCR of all individual power components by one of the following methods: - SCCR rating marked on the component - Use assumed SCCRs in table SB 4.1 of Supplement SB - Use the tested SCCR from component combinations per UL508 Modify the SCCR of certain series combinations if current-limiting devices are used in the feeder circuit. Determine the overall panel SCCR according to charts in SB4.4 - Flow chart that help understanding and assignment of SCCR Slide 14: UL 508A Standard – Supplement SB Slide 15: UL 508A Supplement SB – (review) UL 508A Supplement SB describes three steps to determine the SCCR of industrial control panels: Determine the SCCR of all individual power components by one of the following methods: - SCCR rating marked on the component - Use assumed SCCRs in table SB 4.1 of Supplement SB - Use the tested SCCR from component combinations per UL508 Modify the SCCR of certain series combinations if current-limiting devices are used in the feeder circuit. Determine the overall panel SCCR according to charts in SB4.4 - Flow chart that help understanding and assignment of SCCR Slide 16: UL 508A Supplement SB4.4 Chart SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s : SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s Main CB Control Relay Terminal Blocks Contactor W/ Overload Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB 30kA Contactor 5kA Overload Relay 5kA Fuses on C-Trans 200kA Control Circuit Control Trans --- Control Relay --- Terminal Blocks --- Control Trans W/ fuses SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s : SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s Main CB Control Relay Terminal Blocks Contactor W/ Overload Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB 30kA Contactor 5kA Overload Relay 5kA Fuses on C-Trans 200kA If no additional information is available the the Industrial Control Panel must be rated at the lowest rating of any component: 5kA Control Trans W/ fuses SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations : SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations Main CB Control Relay Terminal Blocks Contactor W/ Overload Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB 30kA Contactor 5kA Overload Relay 5kA Fuses on C-Trans 200kA Control Circuit Control Trans --- Control Relay --- Terminal Blocks --- Control Trans W/ fuses SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations : SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB Contactor 30kA Overload Relay Fuses on C-Trans 200kA UL508 component combination test results show that the CB and starter combination can be rated at 30kA. The Industrial Control Panel can now be rated at a higher SCCR: 30kA How to Increase SCCR : How to Increase SCCR Use components and approved combinations with higher rated SCCRs. Use current limiting over-current protective devices (CB/ fuses) whenever possible. Replace low interrupting rated over-current protection with higher rated ones (retrofit). According to UL 508A Articles SB3.2 and SB4.4, the SCCR of the panel cannot be greater than the interrupting rating of any over-current protective device in branch circuits or in the primary of control circuits. Slide 22: Industrial Control Panel Marking Per NEC an industrial control panel shall be marked with the following information that is plainly visible after installation: Manufacturer’s name, trademark, etc. Supply voltage, phase, frequency and full-load current SCCR Identify as service equipment (if applicable) Electrical wiring diagram or the index number Enclosure type (rating) number Slide 23: Panel Marking On-site Compliance : On-site Compliance On-site engineer provides the following information Available short circuit current at installation point Planned SCCR of the equipment or panel Inspector compares actual marked SCCR to the provided data If SCCR data is accurate then approval is give Inaccurate or incomplete data can result in “red-tag” and may require additional analysis Engineers and inspectors must work together Industrial Control Panel Marking : Industrial Control Panel Marking Why are Marked SCCR’s Important? Needed to ensure compliance with NEC® and UL508A Helps to eliminate hazards where components and equipment could be applied above their ratings Simplifies inspection approval process for engineers and inspectors New installations Machinery relocation Contributes to a safe electrical system Guards against arc-flash hazards Slide 26: What is Arc Flash? What is an Arc-Flash? : What is an Arc-Flash? A flow of current through the air between phase conductors or phase conductors and neutral or ground Usually unintentional Causes include: Human error Insulation failure Animal interference 5-10 times per day in U.S. - arc flash accidents injure or kill a worker Arc-Flash Hazard Standards : Arc-Flash Hazard Standards OSHA Standards 29-CFR, Part 1910 – Work safety NFPA 70 (NEC) – Warning label requirements NFPA 70E 2004 – Appropriate work practices IEEE 1584 – 2002 – Arc flash hazard calculations Arc-Flash Hazard : Arc-Flash Hazard An arc flash hazard is defined in NFPA 70E as a dangerous condition associated with the release of energy caused by an electric arc The NEC requires a label that states the existence of an arc flash hazard OSHA regulations state the employers shall protect employees from recognized hazards NFPA 70E tells employers how to protect employees from recognized hazards IEEE 1584 shows the math to calculate the hazards Arc-Flash Panel Marking : Arc-Flash Panel Marking Flash Protection Boundary: 2.9 ft Boundary where person could receive 2nd degree burns from arc flash - 1.2 cal/cm2 Incident Energy: 2.3 Cal/ cm2 Amount of energy produced during an arc flash Working Distance: 18 in. The distance between worker and arc source Required PPE Level: 1 Protective clothing and apparatus to protect against arc flash injury Arc-Flash Panel Marking : Arc-Flash Panel Marking Shock Hazard Voltage: 3450 VAC Potential voltage levels that can be delivered Limited Approach: 10.0 ft. Shock protection boundary – Qualified personnel only unless escorted Restricted Approach: 2.2 ft. Shock protection boundary – Qualified personnel only with PPE Prohibited Approach: 0.6 ft. Shock protection boundary – Qualified personnel only with PPE (contact is possible) Arc-Flash Hazard : Arc-Flash Hazard Arc Flash Hazard boundaries are based on voltage, available short-circuit current and predicted fault duration Different levels mean different protective gear required when servicing a panel ( i.e opening the panel door) This applies to all personnel that may need to access the panel or be exposed to live equipment May need an Arc Flash analysis performed Determine arc flash protection boundaries Personnel Protection Equipment (PPE) and training is a must What Does OHSA Say? : What Does OHSA Say? OSHA regulations state in 1910.333 (a) that workers should not work on or near exposed live equipment (greater than 50 volts) except for one of two reasons: De-energizing introduces additional or increased hazards such as cutting ventilation to a hazardous location. Infeasible due to equipment design or operational limitations such as when voltage testing is required for diagnostics. When it is necessary to work on energized equipment you should follow safe work practices including assessing the risks, wearing proper PPE, and using the proper tools Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE : Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE PPE is designed to minimize injuries NFPA 70E requires any body part that is within the flash protection boundary be protected by using appropriate PPE (OSHA say basically the same thing) Hard hat Safety glasses or goggles (Arc-rated face shield) Hearing protection Gloves (leather, rubber) Flash suit (multi-layer clothes) Leather work shoes Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE : Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE Notes: 1 cal/ cm2 equates to holding ones finger over the tip of a flame of a cigarette lighter for 1 sec. 1.2 cal/ cm2 is considered the threshold for a curable burn (second-degree) PPE Protection From Arc-Flash! : PPE Protection From Arc-Flash! How to Avoid Arc-Flash Hazards : How to Avoid Arc-Flash Hazards Build control panels within the properly rated enclosures Minimize exposure to energized equipment Follow proper lockout/ tag-out procedures Design into control cabinets access options that will allow programming, data acquisition and system adjustment without having to open the panel door Maintain and update equipment and documentation Conduct safety training for all personnel Industrial Control Panel Access Options : Industrial Control Panel Access Options Properly applied they can reduce arc-flash hazards Save time and money - No PPE required Maintains enclosure type ratings Many options available: RJ 45, SUB-D9, USB, etc. Eternal shelves Document enclosures Operator panels Viewing windows Updated Industrial Control Panel : Updated Industrial Control Panel Slide 40: Industrial Control Panels NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” : NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” Troy Miesse/ IE Business Development You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
NEC-409-UL-508A-Arc-Flash aSGuest11767 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1938 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: January 30, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 2 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” : NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” Troy Miesse/ IE Business Development Slide 2: Industrial Control Panels Slide 3: Agenda NFPA 70: National Electric Code (NEC®) Short Circuit Current Ratings Article 409 “Industrial Control Panels” UL508A (Supplement SB) Arc Flash and NFPA 70E Personnel Protection Equipment National Electric Code : National Electric Code NFPA 70: National Electric Code (NEC®) Most states and Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) have adopted the 2005 NEC. NEC® is updated approximately every 3 years Article 409 “Industrial Control Panels” was added to the NEC® in 2005 Article 409 requires all industrial control panels to be marked with an SCCR. Empty enclosures do not have a SCCR What is a SCCR ? : What is a SCCR ? A Short Circuit Current Rating is the maximum current a device or panel can safely withstand for 3 AC electrical cycles (50 msec.) or while an over-current protective device operates. SCCR is usually expressed in RMS kA at the system voltage. Example: 18 kA at 480 VAC RMS is the Root Mean Squared AC current. The SCCR of a fuse or circuit breaker is the same as its Interrupting Rating (IR). NEC Article 409 : NEC Article 409 Industrial Control Panel - An assembly of two or more components such as motor controllers, relays, CB’s, etc…..and related control devices Industrial Control Panels do not include the controlled equipment. Requires all industrial control panels to be marked with SCCR – This is a major addition! This addition will impact control panel builders, OEMs and end users in numerous ways: - How control panel are designed and marked - The selection of power circuit components. - The specification of preferred manufacturers. - How control panels are installed and modified. Before the NEC 2005… : Before the NEC 2005… Only Industrial Machinery required marking for interrupting rating or SCCR of main over-current protective device Industrial control panels, HVAC control panels, motor controllers, and meter disconnects were not required to be marked with SCCR Slide 8: 2005 NEC The 2005 NEC requires SCCR markings on all: Industrial Control Panels -NEC Article 409 Motor controllers -NEC Article 430.8 HVAC controllers -NEC Article 440.4(B) Industrial machinery -NEC Article 670.3 Meter disconnects -NEC Article 230.82(3) Slide 9: How do I Determine the Panel SCCR ? NEC Article 409.110 states that the SCCR of an industrial control panel is based on one of the following: SCCR of a Listed and labeled assembly SCCR based on the use of an “approved” method UL 508A Supplement SB is given as an example of an approved method Method approved by local electrical inspector (AHJ) Engineer (PE) approved apparent RMS method. Slide 10: How do I Determine the Panel SCCR ? NEC Article 409.110 states that the SCCR of an industrial control panel is based on one of the following: SCCR of a Listed and labeled assembly Easy enough if you just buying the control panel Not an option if you are building or specifying a control panel Slide 11: How do I Determine the Panel SCCR ? NEC Article 409.110 states that the SCCR of an industrial control panel is based on one of the following: SCCR of a Listed and labeled assembly SCCR based on the use of an “approved” method UL 508A Supplement SB is given as an example of an approved method UL 508A Standard : UL 508A Standard UL 508A standard is “Industrial Control Panels” The standard covers industrial control panels intended for general industrial use, operating at a voltage of 600 volts or less This equipment is intended for installation in ordinary locations, in accordance with the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70 Supplement SB is included to help determine SCCR for Industrial Control panels by providing, among other things, default SCCR ratings for common components Slide 13: UL 508A Supplement SB UL 508A Supplement SB describes three steps to determine the SCCR of industrial control panels: Determine the SCCR of all individual power components by one of the following methods: - SCCR rating marked on the component - Use assumed SCCRs in table SB 4.1 of Supplement SB - Use the tested SCCR from component combinations per UL508 Modify the SCCR of certain series combinations if current-limiting devices are used in the feeder circuit. Determine the overall panel SCCR according to charts in SB4.4 - Flow chart that help understanding and assignment of SCCR Slide 14: UL 508A Standard – Supplement SB Slide 15: UL 508A Supplement SB – (review) UL 508A Supplement SB describes three steps to determine the SCCR of industrial control panels: Determine the SCCR of all individual power components by one of the following methods: - SCCR rating marked on the component - Use assumed SCCRs in table SB 4.1 of Supplement SB - Use the tested SCCR from component combinations per UL508 Modify the SCCR of certain series combinations if current-limiting devices are used in the feeder circuit. Determine the overall panel SCCR according to charts in SB4.4 - Flow chart that help understanding and assignment of SCCR Slide 16: UL 508A Supplement SB4.4 Chart SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s : SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s Main CB Control Relay Terminal Blocks Contactor W/ Overload Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB 30kA Contactor 5kA Overload Relay 5kA Fuses on C-Trans 200kA Control Circuit Control Trans --- Control Relay --- Terminal Blocks --- Control Trans W/ fuses SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s : SCCR Calculation Example – Individual SCCR’s Main CB Control Relay Terminal Blocks Contactor W/ Overload Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB 30kA Contactor 5kA Overload Relay 5kA Fuses on C-Trans 200kA If no additional information is available the the Industrial Control Panel must be rated at the lowest rating of any component: 5kA Control Trans W/ fuses SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations : SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations Main CB Control Relay Terminal Blocks Contactor W/ Overload Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB 30kA Contactor 5kA Overload Relay 5kA Fuses on C-Trans 200kA Control Circuit Control Trans --- Control Relay --- Terminal Blocks --- Control Trans W/ fuses SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations : SCCR Calculation Example – Tested Combinations Power Circuit SCCR at 480V Main CB Contactor 30kA Overload Relay Fuses on C-Trans 200kA UL508 component combination test results show that the CB and starter combination can be rated at 30kA. The Industrial Control Panel can now be rated at a higher SCCR: 30kA How to Increase SCCR : How to Increase SCCR Use components and approved combinations with higher rated SCCRs. Use current limiting over-current protective devices (CB/ fuses) whenever possible. Replace low interrupting rated over-current protection with higher rated ones (retrofit). According to UL 508A Articles SB3.2 and SB4.4, the SCCR of the panel cannot be greater than the interrupting rating of any over-current protective device in branch circuits or in the primary of control circuits. Slide 22: Industrial Control Panel Marking Per NEC an industrial control panel shall be marked with the following information that is plainly visible after installation: Manufacturer’s name, trademark, etc. Supply voltage, phase, frequency and full-load current SCCR Identify as service equipment (if applicable) Electrical wiring diagram or the index number Enclosure type (rating) number Slide 23: Panel Marking On-site Compliance : On-site Compliance On-site engineer provides the following information Available short circuit current at installation point Planned SCCR of the equipment or panel Inspector compares actual marked SCCR to the provided data If SCCR data is accurate then approval is give Inaccurate or incomplete data can result in “red-tag” and may require additional analysis Engineers and inspectors must work together Industrial Control Panel Marking : Industrial Control Panel Marking Why are Marked SCCR’s Important? Needed to ensure compliance with NEC® and UL508A Helps to eliminate hazards where components and equipment could be applied above their ratings Simplifies inspection approval process for engineers and inspectors New installations Machinery relocation Contributes to a safe electrical system Guards against arc-flash hazards Slide 26: What is Arc Flash? What is an Arc-Flash? : What is an Arc-Flash? A flow of current through the air between phase conductors or phase conductors and neutral or ground Usually unintentional Causes include: Human error Insulation failure Animal interference 5-10 times per day in U.S. - arc flash accidents injure or kill a worker Arc-Flash Hazard Standards : Arc-Flash Hazard Standards OSHA Standards 29-CFR, Part 1910 – Work safety NFPA 70 (NEC) – Warning label requirements NFPA 70E 2004 – Appropriate work practices IEEE 1584 – 2002 – Arc flash hazard calculations Arc-Flash Hazard : Arc-Flash Hazard An arc flash hazard is defined in NFPA 70E as a dangerous condition associated with the release of energy caused by an electric arc The NEC requires a label that states the existence of an arc flash hazard OSHA regulations state the employers shall protect employees from recognized hazards NFPA 70E tells employers how to protect employees from recognized hazards IEEE 1584 shows the math to calculate the hazards Arc-Flash Panel Marking : Arc-Flash Panel Marking Flash Protection Boundary: 2.9 ft Boundary where person could receive 2nd degree burns from arc flash - 1.2 cal/cm2 Incident Energy: 2.3 Cal/ cm2 Amount of energy produced during an arc flash Working Distance: 18 in. The distance between worker and arc source Required PPE Level: 1 Protective clothing and apparatus to protect against arc flash injury Arc-Flash Panel Marking : Arc-Flash Panel Marking Shock Hazard Voltage: 3450 VAC Potential voltage levels that can be delivered Limited Approach: 10.0 ft. Shock protection boundary – Qualified personnel only unless escorted Restricted Approach: 2.2 ft. Shock protection boundary – Qualified personnel only with PPE Prohibited Approach: 0.6 ft. Shock protection boundary – Qualified personnel only with PPE (contact is possible) Arc-Flash Hazard : Arc-Flash Hazard Arc Flash Hazard boundaries are based on voltage, available short-circuit current and predicted fault duration Different levels mean different protective gear required when servicing a panel ( i.e opening the panel door) This applies to all personnel that may need to access the panel or be exposed to live equipment May need an Arc Flash analysis performed Determine arc flash protection boundaries Personnel Protection Equipment (PPE) and training is a must What Does OHSA Say? : What Does OHSA Say? OSHA regulations state in 1910.333 (a) that workers should not work on or near exposed live equipment (greater than 50 volts) except for one of two reasons: De-energizing introduces additional or increased hazards such as cutting ventilation to a hazardous location. Infeasible due to equipment design or operational limitations such as when voltage testing is required for diagnostics. When it is necessary to work on energized equipment you should follow safe work practices including assessing the risks, wearing proper PPE, and using the proper tools Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE : Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE PPE is designed to minimize injuries NFPA 70E requires any body part that is within the flash protection boundary be protected by using appropriate PPE (OSHA say basically the same thing) Hard hat Safety glasses or goggles (Arc-rated face shield) Hearing protection Gloves (leather, rubber) Flash suit (multi-layer clothes) Leather work shoes Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE : Personnel Protection Equipment - PPE Notes: 1 cal/ cm2 equates to holding ones finger over the tip of a flame of a cigarette lighter for 1 sec. 1.2 cal/ cm2 is considered the threshold for a curable burn (second-degree) PPE Protection From Arc-Flash! : PPE Protection From Arc-Flash! How to Avoid Arc-Flash Hazards : How to Avoid Arc-Flash Hazards Build control panels within the properly rated enclosures Minimize exposure to energized equipment Follow proper lockout/ tag-out procedures Design into control cabinets access options that will allow programming, data acquisition and system adjustment without having to open the panel door Maintain and update equipment and documentation Conduct safety training for all personnel Industrial Control Panel Access Options : Industrial Control Panel Access Options Properly applied they can reduce arc-flash hazards Save time and money - No PPE required Maintains enclosure type ratings Many options available: RJ 45, SUB-D9, USB, etc. Eternal shelves Document enclosures Operator panels Viewing windows Updated Industrial Control Panel : Updated Industrial Control Panel Slide 40: Industrial Control Panels NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” : NEC Article 409 & UL508A “Industrial Control Panels” Troy Miesse/ IE Business Development