lunar solar power transmission- uses

LUNAR SOLAR POWER SYSTEM EEE Department : 

LUNAR SOLAR POWER SYSTEM EEE Department K.SIVA RAMAKRISHNA O8B21A0224 IV YEAR Krishna.khyram@gmail.com

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NEED: ADEQUATE GLOBAL POWER • EXISTING GLOBAL POWER SYSTEM – 1 billion “rich” people use electric equivalent of ≥2 kWe /person – 5 billion “poor” people use ≤0.6 kWe /person – Global power use is equivalent of • ~220 million barrels of oil/day, or • ~4.8 •1012 Watts-electric = 4.8 Twe • NEEDED GLOBAL POWER SYSTEM – Now (≥2 kWe /person • 6 billion people) ≥ 12 TWe – By 2050 10 billion prosperous people will need ≥ 20 Twe – Power must be clean, safe, affordable, dependable, & sustainable

- SUN SENDS 13,000 TWs OF RELIABLE SOLAR POWER TO LUNAR SURFACE • BASES ON MOON CONVERT SOLAR POWER TO MICROWAVE BEAMS BEAMS DELIVER POWER TO RECTENNAS : 

- SUN SENDS 13,000 TWs OF RELIABLE SOLAR POWER TO LUNAR SURFACE • BASES ON MOON CONVERT SOLAR POWER TO MICROWAVE BEAMS BEAMS DELIVER POWER TO RECTENNAS - Safe (<20% of sunlight) - Reliable (through clouds, rain, smoke, etc.) • RECTENNAS ON EARTH - Convert beams to electricity - Deliver electricity to power grid SOLUTION: LUNAR SOLAR POWER SYSTEM

Slide 4: 

LSP System: Sun, Moon, microwave power beam from a power base on the Moon, and a microwave receiver (i.e. rectenna ) on Earth. The Moon bases receive sunlight, convert it to electricity, and then convert the electric power into microwave power beams. Each base transmits multiple microwave power beams directly to the rectennas on Earth Microwave power transmission Each of the bases on the Earthward side of the Moon is augmented by fields of photo converters just across the far side of the Moon from Earth A rectenna converts the microwave beam it receives into electricity and outputs the pollution-free power to local electric distribution systems and regional grids

Slide 5: 

The power beam from the Moon passes through the atmosphere, clouds, fog, snow, smog, smoke, and normal rain with a percent or less of attenuation. An extremely heavy, ≥ 25 cm/hour, rain will attenuate the beam by ~30%. The preferred power beam is formed of microwaves of ~12 cm wavelength, or ~2.45 GHz. This frequency of microwave travels with negligible attenuation through the atmosphere and the atmosphere’s variable loads of water vapor, clouds, rain, dust, ash and smoke. Humans flying through the beams in aircraft will be shielded by the metal skin of the aircraft, or by electrically conducting paint on composite aircraft Beams can be turned off in a few seconds or decreased in intensity to accommodate unusual conditions.

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POWER BEAMING

DEMONSTRATION LSP BASE: 

DEMONSTRATION LSP BASE • EARTH IS FIXED IN SKY • BASE IS COMPOSED OF POWER PLOTS • POWER PLOT - BASIC UNIT – #1 Solar arrays, buried wiring – #2 Microwave transmitters – #3 Reflectors form a large lens as seen from Earth • #1, 2, & 3 ARE MADE FROM LUNAR MATERIALS BY #4, 5, & 6 PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT

Working of lsp station: 

W orking of lsp station A power base is a fully segmented, multi-beam, phased array radar powered by solar energy. This demonstration power base consists of tens to hundreds of thousands of independent power plots. A power plot consists of four elements. There are arrays of solar converters [#1], shown here as north-south aligned rows of photovoltaics . Solar electric power is collected by a buried network of wires and delivered to the microwave transmitters. All the reflectors [#2] in a power base overlap, when viewed from Earth, to form a filled lens that can direct very narrow and well-defined power beams toward Earth. The Moon has no atmosphere and is mechanically stable. There are no moonquakes. Thus it is reasonable to construct the large lens from many small units

Slide 9: 

A “lens” at a base on one side of the moon (or at a linked base on the other side, if sunlight dictates) directs microwave beam to a relay satellite or directly to a field of rectifying antennas (a rectenna ) on Earth. Rectennas located on Earth between 60º N and 60º S can receive power directly from the moon approximately 8 hours a day. Power could be received anywhere on Earth via a fleet of relay satellites in high-inclination, eccentric orbits around Earth A given relay satellite receives a power beam from the moon and retransmits multiple beams to several rectennas on Earth required by an alternative operation. This enables the region around each rectenna to receive power 24 hours a day The relay satellites would require less than 1% of the surface area needed by a fleet of solar-power satellites in orbit around Earth .

Slide 10: 

Artist conception of “Sun Tower” solar power satellite Manufacturing Factories, fixed and mobile, are transported from the Earth to the Moon. High output greatly reduces the impact of high transportation costs Construction and operation of the rectennas on Earth constitutes greater than 90% of the engineering costs. Any handful of lunar dust and rocks contains at least 20% silicon, 40% oxygen, and 10% metals (iron, aluminum, etc.) Lunar dust can be used directly as thermal, electrical, and radiation shields, converted into glass, fiberglass, and ceramics, and processed chemically into its elements. Solar cells, electric wiring, some micro-circuitry components, and the reflector screens can be made out of lunar materials. Soil handling and glass production are the primary industrial operations.

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RECTENNA ELECTRICITY DOES NOT PRODUCE GREENHOUSE GASSES, FUEL SPILLS, NUCLIDES, DUST, INDUSTRIAL WASTES, ETC. ELIMINATES NEED FOR HAZARDOUS FACILITIES ENABLES REMEDIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE, REMOVAL OF INDUSTRIAL CO2 FROM ATMOSPHERE, RECYCLING OF GOODS & SYNTHETIC FUELS • ALLOWS DUAL USE OF LAND UNDER RECTENNA • ENABLES BIOSPHERE-INDEPENDENT POWER

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20th CENTURY CARBON WEALTH 20th CENTURY WEALTH TOOLS –  Mining & transport O2 & carbon-fired OUR AIR’S FREE O & MINED FUEL-MOLECULES ARE MOVED & BURNED TO MAKE ELECTRICITY GREEN CARBON TRANSITION ENERGY INDUSTRY GROWTH TO LSP SYSTEM – Power beaming – Redirectors (space) – Rectennas BENEFITS – Immediate CO2sequestration – Enhanced recovery of hydrocarbons – Secure distribution of electric power – Green Carbon Power to users

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ENERGY POTENTIAL & ISSUES • LSP CAN PROVIDE >1 TWe WITHIN 15 YEARS AND EXPONENTIAL GROWTH THEREAFTER • NO TECHNICAL BARRIERS – Key operational technologies are understood (PVs, radar) – Key industrial steps can be demonstrated on Earth and then on Moon – Small-scale manufacturing can grow using lunar resources . POLICY & COST ISSUES - Permanent legal & industrial system to enable lunar development - Microwave spectrum re-allocations • SUSTAINABILITY - > 1 billion years - Can use Lunar Solar Power to protect & nurture Earth’s biosphere - Can enable humans to settle permanently beyond Earth

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OUR SUN, EARTH, & LUNAR POWER • OUR SUN – 26 trillion times our present commercial power – Paid for, no operating costs • OUR POWER SYSTEMS – Move molecules globally – Push limits of biosphere – Limit economic growth • LUNAR SOLAR POWER SYSTEM – Moon directly accesses 13,000 TWs of our sun’s power – LSP System uses available & proven technologies – Outputs pure electricity at Earth with least infrastructure – Enables clean & sustainable exponential economic growth

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a wide belt of photovoltaic panels that cuts across the ash-gray lunar surface like a straight river Not a single astronaut is in sight, but a troop of robots is busily making repairs to the installation where tune-ups are needed. The power will be beamed to a receiving station near the Earth’s equator, and from there, it will be distributed to energy-hungry cities and towns across the globe View of moon by 2050

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Queries