Introduction of Computers

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Slide 1:

Introduction to computers Contents Generation of Computers Block Diagram Working Of Computer Hardware and Software Programming Flow chart Operating systems a) MSDOS b) Windows c) Unix & d) Linux Networking

Slide 2:

Block diagram of computer ( cpu ) I N P U T D E V I C E S Control Unit O U T P U T Memory Unit Central Processing unit S T O R A G E Arithmetic logical Unit

Slide 3:

Hexadecimal to binary conversion

Slide 4:

S.No Hex 8st 0 8st 1 4st 0 4st 1 2st 0 2st 1 1st 0 1 st 1 Binary Num Hex 1 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 0001 1 3 2 0 0 1 0 0010 2 4 3 0 0 1 1 0011 3 5 4 0 1 0 0 0100 4 6 5 0 1 0 1 0101 5 7 6 0 1 1 0 0110 6 8 7 0 1 1 1 0111 7 9 8 1 0 0 0 1000 8 10 9 1 0 0 1 1001 9 11 A 1 0 1 0 1010 A 12 B 1 0 1 1 1011 B 13 C 1 1 0 0 1100 C 14 D 1 1 0 1 1101 D 15 E 1 1 1 0 1110 E 16 F 1 1 1 1 1111 F

Slide 5:

Working of computer Values Name Just 0 or 1 values Bit 8 Bit 1Byte 1024 bytes 1Kilobyte (KB) 1024KB Megabyte (MB) 1024 MB 1 Giga bytes 1024 GB 1 Tera byte

Slide 6:

Accumulator : A register in the computer’s processor where arithmetic operations are performed and results are stored.

Slide 7:

Buffer: A small storage area used to store information on a temporary basis for compensating the difference in rates of flow of data between various computer devices.

Slide 8:

ISCII : Indian Standard Code for Information Interchange

Slide 9:

Microcontroller: An inexpensive special purpose microprocessor which is optimized for control applications.

Slide 10:

Applets : A small object oriented program which can be used as a part of a larger application programs. Ex: Java, .Net , VB.Net Etc.

Slide 11:

Analog channel : A communication path used for transmitting and receiving continuously varying electrical signals.

Slide 12:

EEPROM:: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory.

Slide 13:

:Distributed Computers: A configuration in which several workstations or PCs are interconnected by a fast communication network.

Slide 14:

:Hierarchical Structure: A tree like structure used to represent files and records in a data base system.

Slide 15:

:Byte: A group of eight bits used to represent characters.

Slide 16:

:COBOL: Common Business Oriented Language. A high level language used for business data processing.

Slide 17:

:Debugging: The process of finding and correcting program error (bugs).

Slide 18:

:Flow chart: A pictorial representation of computational procedure.

Slide 19:

:FORTRAN : Formula Translation; A high level language used for scientific and engineering calculations.

Slide 20:

MS-DOS: Microsoft Disk Operating Systems designed by Microsoft Corporation for IBM compatible Personal Computers.

Slide 21:

: System Software: General programs written for a computer/any Hardware. These programs provide the environment to facilitate the writing of application programs.

Slide 22:

: Wireless LAN : A LAN in which a mobile computer such as Laptop computer can send or receive messages to or from a base station connected to the LAN.

Slide 23:

: BASIC : : Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. A simple high level language for computers.

Slide 24:

: File : A collection of records relating to an object such as stores, personnel, user programs, etc.

Slide 25:

: Fourth generation computers : Computer built between 1975 and now. They use large scale integrated circuits, semiconductor memories and powerful high level languages and operating systems.

Slide 26:

: Palmtop computer : A computer with capabilities of PC which can be accommodated on a person’s palm (Size : 16 cm X 12 cm x 5 cm)