SUNIL PPT ON CAUSE N EFFECT

PRESENTATION on CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS OF LAMAHI VILLAGE: 

PRESENTATION on CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS OF LAMAHI VILLAGE WELCOME

CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS : 

CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:- DR. K. GHADIE SUNIL KUMAR RAJPOOT Dept. of ext. education M.Sc.(Ag.) Ext.Edu .{ Pre. Year } I.A.S., BHU, VARANASI I.A.S., BHU ,VARANASI ( U.P. 221005) ( U.P. 221005 )

INTRODUCTION:: 

INTRODUCTION: This exercise helps in exploring the contributing causes or reasons for a particular problems or issue and to help identify root causes rather than symptoms. A problem tree can be build with this exercise and it helps in participatory project planning The Fishbone Diagrams presents visually the causes, effect s and their inter-linkage, which help in arriving at an in depth understanding of a particular topic , and provide scope for analysis and subsequent action by the local people.

Fishbone Diagrams: 

Fishbone Diagrams 4 A technique for identifying possible causes affecting a problem. They are sometimes called Fishbone Diagrams (because of they have the appearance of the skeleton of a fish) or Ishikawa diagrams (after their developer Dr. Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa) Problem or Effect Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4 Cause Cause Cause Cause Cause Cause Cause Cause Cause Cause

Slide 5: 

Construct a PROBLEM TREE showing the cause and effect relationships between the problems. Review the problem tree, verify its validity and completeness, and make necessary adjustments PROBLEM TREE: Cause of the problem Focal problem Effect of the problem

Objectives of Cause and Effect Diagram: 

Objectives of Cause and Effect Diagram 6 To study and analysis of the problem of a wide areas including illiteracy, the dropout rate of children from school drinking or alcoholism, migration low productivity, drought food security, ill-health etc. define a problem identify data requirements develop objectives for solutions narrow down causes

Purpose of the Problem Analysis: 

Purpose of the Problem Analysis Understand how different problems affect different stakeholders and their priorities in addressing them Analyse the situation in which the agency will be working Identify a suitable area or sector to work in Understand the complexities of a problem, its causes and how it is already being handled Analyse the constraints and opportunities for development work

The major advantages of cause & effect diagram: 

The major advantages of cause & effect diagram Visual depiction of causes and effect of a problem , situation , phenomenon etc. Focus on causes rather than just on symptoms Providing an opportunity to the local people to express complex realities of the causes of there specific problems and the consequences there of in a simple visual mode. Discussion of possible way of solving the problem by focusing on the causes and identifying ways of approaching them.

STEPS IN PROCESS OF C&E DIAGRAM : 

STEPS IN PROCESS OF C&E DIAGRAM Decide on topic and invite a group of participants . Introduce the topic to the participants Explain the purpose of the exercise Ask the participants to focus on discussing the cause Modification/editing : again read out the list of causes and effect and ask them ? for editing. Handover the coloured card to the participants and ask the to depict as well as write down the causes on separate cards.

Conted..…: 

Conted..… Repeat the same process for the effect for using the other coloured cards. Put the cards of causes on one side and cards with effect another side. Ask the participants to link with chalk to show their connectivity and linkage. Listen to the participants discussion and note down. Once the diagram is ready ask the participants to have a look and make alteration if required. Interview the diagram: ask the Q.? On problem. Thanks to participants for their active participation.

Formulate the Problem: 

Formulate the Problem Brainstorm suggestions to identify a focal problem i.e. the central point of the overall problem Record suggestions and present to group e.g. on butchers paper or post-it notes Discuss each suggestion and agree on a single focal problem to be addressed

Develop the Problem Tree: 

Develop the Problem Tree Identify immediate and direct causes of the focal problem Identify immediate and direct effects of the focal problem Construct a problem tree showing the cause and effect relationships for the problem Review the problem tree and verify that it is complete and valid.

Creating a Problem Tree for Community Issues : 

Creating a Problem Tree for Community Issues Participants briefly review the major problem orally. A tree trunk is drawn and a word or a symbol that notes the problem is drawn into the trunk. Branches and leaves are drawn (by the facilitator or, preferably by a participant) in several directions. Participants suggest different dimensions of the problem, and each branch is used to represent a separate dimension. A root system , symbolising the causes of the problem, is drawn under the tree. The group suggests possible causes of the problem; each root is marked with a picture or a phrase that represents a cause. Once the tree is completed, participants discuss the causes, deciding how much each one affects the major problem. For example, a cause may be major or minor, one-time or permanent.

Time required for cause and effect diagram: 

Time required for cause and effect diagram The time required for the cause and effect diagram depend on the following points : Nature of topic . Interest of the participants . And scope for discussion . In any causes a approximately a minimum of two hour should be planned.

Case study of lamahi village of varanasi dist.: 

Case study of lamahi village of varanasi dist.

1.Problem in marketing of vegetable crops : 

1 .Problem in marketing of vegetable crops Problem: There is no proper marketing channel for selling the vegetable crops Cause: low transportation facility . Effect : the middleman exploits the growers.

2. No sanitation facilities: : 

2. No sanitation facilities: problem : No sanitation facilities cause: Traditionally, families defecate in the open and do not use latrines. Effect: As a result, environmental sanitation in the village is very poor.

Conclusion: -: 

Conclusion: - the causes and effect diagram focuses on the causal factor of phenomenon , activity , problem and the effect there of . it can be used for all segment(illetrate / literate / littlie bit literate) of the population .